COMMUNALISTIC CUSTOMARY LAS

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY & GEOMATICS ENG.FACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES & TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

and Its Impact to Sustainable Development in Indonesia

Rizqi AbdulharisSurveying & Cadastre Research Division

Department of Geodesy & Geomatics Eng.Faculty of Earth Sciences & TechnologyInstitut Teknologi Bandung

People & ENVIRONMENT

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Source: funnyimagecollect.blogspot.com

People & ENVIRONMENT

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Source: Huffington Post

People & ENVIRONMENT

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

People & ENVIRONMENT

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

People & ENVIRONMENT

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

People & ENVIRONMENT

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Social System & ENVIRONMENT

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Social System & ENVIRONMENT

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Social System & ENVIRONMENT

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Land Administration EVOLUTION

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Source: Wikipedia

Land Administration EVOLUTION

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Source: Ting & Williamson (1999)

Land Administration EVOLUTION IN INDONESIA

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Source: indonesiastory79.blogspot.com

Communalistic Customary LAS IN INDONESIA

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Source: wowshack.com

Land Administration EVOLUTION IN INDONESIA

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Source: Abdulharis (2014)

Land Administration EVOLUTION IN INDONESIA

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Source: Hendriatiningsih, Hernandi, Budiartha, Sarah & Abdulharis (2009)

Land Administration EVOLUTION IN INDONESIA

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Source: Abdulharis (2006)

Communalistic Customary LAS IN INDONESIA

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Characteristics

Ideology: Communalism Objective: Provide greatest benefit to the people Function: Planning tool Tenure principle: Horizontal separation Integrated part of social system Free rider dilemma: punishment from universe

Communalistic Customary LAS IN INDONESIA

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Characteristics

Communalistic Customary LAS IN INDONESIA

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Characteristics

Ideology: Communalism Objective: Provide greatest benefit to the people Function: Planning tool Tenure principle: Horizontal separation Integrated part of social system Free rider dilemma: punishment from universe

Communalistic Customary LAS IN INDONESIA

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Ecological Impact

Source: Land Use Map of 2006 of National Land Agency

Communalistic Customary LAS IN INDONESIA

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Ecological Impact

Source: Land Use Map of 2006 of National Land Agency

Communalistic Customary LAS IN INDONESIA

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Social & Economic Impact

Social impacts: Sustained social system Equal access to land

Economic impacts: People directly benefit from sustainable management of natural resources Access to credit

Pluralism of LAS IN INDONESIA

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Status of customary system: Late 16th to early 19th century: customary law for Indonesian affairs 1806 – 1816: customary law for Indonesian affairs + European standard of justice 1816 – 1928: unification of legal system based on Dutch standard 1928 – 1945: legal system pluralism

LAS milestone: 1870: Dutch Agrarian Law for non-Indonesian + customary land administration for

Indonesian 1960: Single LAS based on Agrarian Principles Act

Pluralism of LAS IN INDONESIA

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Single LAS of 1960

Main principles: communalism and horizontal separation Objective: provide greatest benefit to the people Separating land use, tenure, and value system:

Land use system: central and local government Land tenure system: National Land Agency and Ministry of Environmental Affairs

and Forestry Land value system: municipal government

Pluralism of LAS IN INDONESIA

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Single LAS of 1960

Pluralism of LAS IN INDONESIA

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Single LAS of 1960

Main principles: communalism and horizontal separation Objective: provide greatest benefit to the people Separating land use, tenure, and value system:

Land use system: central and local government Land tenure system: National Land Agency and Ministry of Environmental Affairs

and Forestry Land value system: municipal government

Adapting CCLAS

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Empower indigenous community on CCLAS Assess necessity of adjustment into communalistic formal

into communalistic formal land administration system (CFLAS)

Enhance formal land administration system (FLAS) Provide large-scale fundamental and thematic data

Adapting CCLAS

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Empowerment of CCLAS

Codification by government, expert, community, National Land Agency (NLA) and Ministry of Environmental Affairs and Forestry (MEAF)

Local government promulgates regulation on legal status of indigenous community

NLA or MEAF promulgates regulation on legal status of CCLAS

NLA or MEAF delineates indigenous community’s territory on cadastral map

Adapting CCLAS

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Assessment on CFLAS

Customary land tenure conversion is not an option FLAS transform communalistic into individualistic

community Through assessment of roles of FLAS on sustainable

development Ecology: carrying capacity of land Economy: production of land, employment, sectoral diversification, and welfare Social: access to land, function of land parcel, and social values preservation

Collective action to transform individualistic into communalism via collectivistic

Adapting CCLAS

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Address comprehensive land management issues

LAS maintained by different institutions Multipurpose cadastre Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) Custodians keep data

Adapting CCLAS

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Provide large scale map

Thematic map should be developed based on basemap Land registration decree: 1:1,000 cadastral map

Further STUDY

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY AND GEOMATICS ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

Study in nomadic, aristocratic, and customary private community

Study in individualistic and collectivistic community Study in urban areas Study on incentives for sustainable management of

natural resources Action researches Re-definition of ideology of FLAS

Rizqi Abdulharis

Thank you

DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY & GEOMATICS ENGINEERING FACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGYINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG