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Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETP) Success Factors for Sustainability
Dr. Dieter Mutz, Director - Indo German Environment Partnership, GIZ
Wastech:2014-International Summit and Expo 21-23 November,2014
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Common Effluent Treatment Plants in India
The concept of the CETP - A co-operative approach for wastewater treatment and pollution control with the objectives of
� Wastewater treatment in line with given standards and regulations
� To reduce the treatment cost to be borne by an individual member unit to a minimum
� Minimize risks associated to wastewater treatment
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1. Knowledge of given conditions
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� Problem analysis (quantity & quality)
� Identification of alternatives/concepts for waste-water treatment in line with local conditions
� Proof that concept works (lab testing) � Assessment of energy, materials and
resource consumption
� Comparison of alternatives and arriving at preferred concept
� Pilot tests – undertaking of pilot tests to ascertain the viability of the identified technical solutions
� Solution for sludge treatment and disposal
Approach for Planning of New and Retrofitting of CETPs
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Up-grading /
Modernisation of the CETP in Vapi, Gujarat
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Background- Vapi CETP
� Commissioned in 1997 of 55 MLD capacity
� Around 800 industries members
� Industrial effluent conveyed by underground pipeline with 4 pumping stations
� Total Area of CETP is around 72 Acres
� On an average around 48 – 52 MLD of effluent is treated at CETP Vapi today
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Coarse �
fine screens
Grit removal
Equalisation
tanks
Flash mixer �
flocculator
Primary
clarifiers
Aeration
tanks
Secondary
clarifiers
Final
outlet
UASB
reactors
Reactivator
Clarifier
CAACO
reactors
55 MLD
10 MLD
Decanter s�
Filter press
Sludge
drying beds and Interim
Storage
Lime dosing
0.15 MLD 45 MLD
Sludge
thickener
Leachate
Wastewater from
GDIC Underground Drainage Line
Discharge to
Damanganga
River
Cake sludge to
TSDF) VWEMCL
FACCO
RASCentrate
PE and PAC
PE
PAC
EXISTING TREATMENT
SCHEME
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Major Challenges faced by Vapi CETP
� It was one of the first CETPS in India
� Inadequate data available at the time of design
� Designed on BOD, COD and TTS
� Monitoring is a challenge because of batch wise or continuous discharge.
� Structural damages
� Insufficient air/oxygen supply
� Inhibition to bacterial growth due to toxicity
� Sludge with high moisture
� All the up-gradation & modification in continuous operation.
� No treatment adopted to remove the refractory organics.
Picture source: http://www.counterview.net/2013/12/industry-should-return-subsidies.html
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Recommendations for Pilot Studies after detailed analysis (jointly with University FHNW)
� Two stage treatment: Anaerobic treatment (UASB) followed by aerobic treatment
� Two stage aerobic treatment: High rate followed by low rate treatment
� Post-treatment for removal of refractory organic compounds: Advanced oxidation process followed by biofiltration
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Potential advanced treatment options to address refractory COD and supportive measures within the biological stage for increased biodegradation (UASB = upflow anaerobic sludge blanket, PAC = powdered activated carbon, CAS = conventional activated sludge, MBBR = moving bed bioreactor, SS = suspended solids)
Recommended Options
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2. Learning from experiences: Consider Best Available Techniques
company presentation 2012 08/12/2014
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Best Available Techniques (BAT)
08/12/2014
B
‘Best’ in relation to techniques, means the most effective in achieving a high general level of protection of the environment
A
‘Available’ means those techniques developed on a scale which allows implementation in the relevant class of activity under economically and technically viable conditions
T
‘Techniques’ includes both the technology used and the way in which the installation is designed, built , managed, maintained, operated and commissioned.
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BAT for Wastewater Treatment
� Four different strategies:
• central final treatment in a biological WWTP on-site
• central final treatment in a municipal WWTP
• central final treatment of inorganic wastewater in a chemical/mechanical WWTP
• decentralised treatment(s)
All four strategies are considered as BAT when properly applied to the actual wastewater situation
The approach to reach specific BAT conclusions follows the pathway of pollutants
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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
MANAGEMENT TOOLS
Operational management
tools
Inventory management
tools
Strategic management
tools
Safety and emergency
tools
Site inventory
Stream inventory
WG emission qualification
Reduction of water usage and discharge
WEA
EMFA
Monitoring
Internal targets
Choice of treatment options
WW/WG control systems
Choice of collection system
Implementation of control option
Quality control
Risk assessment
Bench marking
LCA
Pollution incident response
Fire fighting
Management Techniques
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3. Qualified staff is fundamental
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New skills based training (GIZ/DWA)
Demand of
the sector
Test
(Qualification) Curriculum Training
Training-
material
Working Group
Trainer Pool
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Level of Target Groups
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5. Head of Plant
4. Head of Unit
3. Shift in-charge (big plant), Maintenance specialist, Lab chemist
2. Shift in-charge (small plant), Maintenance- technician
1. Operators, helper, Lab Assistant
+Regulators + Designer+ CETP Association
Xth Pass
Xth + ITI
Diploma Engg.
Graduate Engg.
Graduate +Exp
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Proposal for Different Level
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Introductor
y course
• Operators, helpers, lab assistance (10th)
• 12 hours close to plant
• 6 hours refresher
• => Certified assistant operator
Basic
course
• Electrician, fitter, welder (ITI)
• 8 x 16 hours on state level + 16 days coached plant training
• => Certified operator / plant maintenance staff/ shift leader
(small plant)
Advanced
course
• Diploma Engineer, fresh graduated Engineer
• 1 month (160 hours) on state level
• => Certified supervisor / shift leader (middle plants)
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Training - Magnetic Training Boxes
• Wastewater
• Environment
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Certification
� Advanced training material
� Certifying body
� Certification of trainees on the basis of approved criteria
� Operation of a ETPs/ CETPs by certified operators only
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Conclusions
� CETPs are a proven solution to treat
wastewater from SMEs
� CETPs must designed to respond to a
changing quality and quality of
influents
� Technological choice has to consider
local environment and requirements
� National and International best
practices and experiences to be
considered
� Capacity building at all levels is key
for sustainable operation
Page 22 08/12/2014
Name Dr. Dieter Mutz Designation Director, IGEP Email: [email protected] Ph: 011-4949 5353 Website: www.igep.in
Thank You
