Color Science4!4!1222

8/2/2019 Color Science4!4!1222

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SANIA WAQAR

Fabric Manufacturing Dept. EXT 214


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Understand the attributes of primary andsecondary colors

Color schemes

Define color hue, value, intensityUnderstand Color and Light theory

Know and explain psychological aspectsrelated with colors.

Know different emotions and feelingsassociated with certain colors.

Explain the uses of different colors forspecific applications.


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Color is created when light strikes a surface,

causing certain wavelengths to be absorbed,

while others are reflected. The reflectedwavelength is interpreted by our eye as a

specific color (red, blue, etc.).

Visual perceptual property

Color is dependent on many aspects


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Value is the lightness ordarkness of a color.

You can obtain different values

by adding black or white to acolor.

A light color is called a tint of theoriginal hue. For example, pink is atint of red.

To make a color darker in value,black is added. A dark color is calleda shade of the original hue. Maroonis a shade of red.


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Tint is made by adding white to a color so

that it becomes lighter.

Shade is made by adding black to a colorso that it becomes darker

Hue + white = Tint

+ =

+ =

Hue + Black = Shade


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Intensity: The brightness or dullness

of a color such asRED OR RED

When a hue is strong and bright, it is

said to be high in intensity. When acolor is faint, dull and gray, it is said

to be low in intensity.

INTENSITY OF GREEN


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Additive mixing by theplacement of small colorpatches next to one another isreferred to aspartitive mixing

hue and saturation same asadditive

brightness is less thanadditive mixing

the purple and yellow yarns donot actually appear as you seethem in the image, but ratherthe eye combines these toproduce a brown hue


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The color wheel

shows relationships

between the colors.

Primary colors cannot

be made. Secondary can be

made from mixing

primary.

Tertiary can be madefrom secondary

colors

Black, White, Grey?


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Complementary colors are in the greatest

possible contrast to one another.

When a color is looked at, the corresponding

nerves are excited, and if the gaze iscontinued for a considerable time, the

nerves become fatigued, while the other

nerves are resting. When the eye is

transferred to another surface the restednerves produce sympathetically an after-

image which is complementary in color to

the first color


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Retina contains rods and cones (RGB)

Three types of cones, used for different

wavelengths

Short-wavelength cones, S cones, or bluecones used to view blue light,

Middle-wavelength cones, M cones, orgreen

cones is most sensitive to light perceived as

green Long-wavelength cones, L cones, or red

cones;


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The exhaustion of the color nerves can cause

a color to appear duller or even change the

appearance of a color

If some one looks at red for certain time,blue appears greener; yellow appears

greener; orange appears yellower, and green

appears bluer. (complementary colors)

Causes problem in examining dyed clothswe should switch from one color to another,

i.e. from red to green to avoid color

disturbance


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Colors when used in combinations may be used

in a different possible arrangements depending

on the requirement.

Monochromatic Color Scheme

Analogous Color Scheme

Complementary Color Scheme

Split-Complementary Color Scheme

Double Split-Complement Color Scheme Triadic Color Scheme


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Monochrome color schemes uses tints and

shades of same color

Unified, harmonious, professional

Can be dull if poorly used


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These colors are located next to

each other on the wheel, such as:

Blue, Blue-green, Green

Red, Red-Orange, and OrangeAnalogous colors are sometimes

called harmonious colors.

y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y

o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o
























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Complementary colors are

the colors that are directly

across from each other on

the color wheel

Blue & Orange

Red & Green

Purple & Yellowg g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g

r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r

g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g























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A split-compliment colorscheme includes a maincolor and the two colorson each side of its

complementary(opposite) color on thecolor wheel.

An example of a split-

compliment colorscheme could be green,violet-red, and red-orange.


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A double split-complement

uses two pairs of

complements, one space

apart on the color wheel.

An example is red, green,

orange, and blue.


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A triadic color schemeuses colors at the pointsof an equilateral triangle(three colors spacedequally on the colorwheel).

These are sometimescalled balanced colors.

An example of a triadic

color scheme could bered, blue, and yellow;green, orange, andpurple, etc.


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The qualities of the secondary colors aresomewhat intermediate between the primarycolors of which they are composed.

Primary and secondary colors are too strong to

be used in large quantities except for veryspecial purposes.

Chiefly employed in comparatively small spacesfor the purpose of imparting brightness andfreshness to fabrics;

The strengths of these colors are being usuallymuch reduced by mixing with black or whitewhen they are used in large quantities as groundshades.


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Different effects are produced on the mind bydifferent colors, impression of brightness, warmth,and nearness being conveyed by some, and ofcoldness and distance by others.

Red, a brilliant and, powerful cheerful color.

gives the impression of warmth and appears toadvance slightly towards the observer.

enhances human metabolism, and raises bloodpressure.

high visibility, used in stop signs, and fire equipment

Yellow is a very luminous and vivid color and conveysthe idea of purity. It is not so warm looking as red,but appears more distinctly to advance to the eye.


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Blue is a cold color and appears to recede fromthe eye. It symbolizes trust, loyalty, wisdom,confidence, intelligence, and truth. calmness

considered beneficial to the mind and body. It

slows human metabolism and produces a calmingeffect.

Blue is used to promote products and servicesrelated to cleanliness (water purification filters,cleaning liquids), air and sky (airlines, air

conditioners), water and sea ( mineral water). When used together with warm colors like yellow

or red, blue can create high-impact, vibrantdesigns


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Orange is a very strong color and possesseswarmth and brightness, but it is not sointense as yellow.

Green is a retiring and rather cold color, but

appears cheerful and fresh. It symbolizesgrowth, harmony, and freshness. Greenhas strong emotional correspondence withsafety, used for traffic lights

Purple combines the stability of blue andthe energy of red and is associated withwisdom, dignity, independence,creativity, mystery, and magic.


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When two or more colors blend in well, color

harmony is produced.

A combination of hues which is pleasing

When two or more colors oppose each other, orappear dissimilar, a contrast is created

An orange is a contrast of blue whereas magenta will

harmonize with blue

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Color Science4!4!1222