Colonial LifeColonial Life

Chapter 1, Section 3Chapter 1, Section 3

Colonists began smuggling goodsColonists began smuggling goods They felt Great Britain taxed them They felt Great Britain taxed them

unfairlyunfairly But Britain had established colonies to But Britain had established colonies to

gain wealthgain wealth Colonists wanted $ for themselves not Colonists wanted $ for themselves not

BritainBritain Navigation Acts restricted trade to Navigation Acts restricted trade to

ensure profits from the coloniesensure profits from the colonies Local govs. ruled colonists’ daily livesLocal govs. ruled colonists’ daily lives Colonial gov. based on ParliamentColonial gov. based on Parliament

Northern Colonial EconomyNorthern Colonial Economy

Commerce-based economyCommerce-based economy Colonists grew only enough crops for Colonists grew only enough crops for

themselvesthemselves Most valuable resource was timberMost valuable resource was timber Also produced rum, textiles, Also produced rum, textiles,

ironworks, other goodsironworks, other goods Good harbors—port citiesGood harbors—port cities Ports linked colonies to worldPorts linked colonies to world

Southern Colonial EconomySouthern Colonial Economy Agriculture-based economyAgriculture-based economy Cash crops: tobacco, rice, indigoCash crops: tobacco, rice, indigo Two ag systems developedTwo ag systems developed Plantations: large farms w/cash crops Plantations: large farms w/cash crops

depending on slave labordepending on slave labor Small independent farmsSmall independent farms

• Beef & pork for exportBeef & pork for export• Corn, wheat, fruit & vegetables for home Corn, wheat, fruit & vegetables for home

marketmarket

Impact of SlaveryImpact of Slavery Labor-intensive cash crops required Labor-intensive cash crops required

more & more workersmore & more workers Led to increased reliance on slaveryLed to increased reliance on slavery Slave trade caused massive human Slave trade caused massive human

sufferingsuffering Triangular TradeTriangular Trade

• European ships w/manufactured goods European ships w/manufactured goods (knives, swords, guns, cloth, rum(knives, swords, guns, cloth, rum

• From Africa, human cargo shipped to From Africa, human cargo shipped to colonies & soldcolonies & sold

• Ships returned to Europe w/Amer. goods Ships returned to Europe w/Amer. goods (sugar, cotton, tobacco, molasses) (sugar, cotton, tobacco, molasses)

Triangular Trade

Middle PassageMiddle Passage Middle leg of triangular tradeMiddle leg of triangular trade Africans captured by rival Africans & Africans captured by rival Africans &

sold or traded to Europeanssold or traded to Europeans Europeans began to capture AfricansEuropeans began to capture Africans 3000 mile journey from west coast of 3000 mile journey from west coast of

AfricaAfrica 5x3x25x3x2 Dark, hot, crampedDark, hot, cramped 15-20 million brought to Americas15-20 million brought to Americas 1 in 5 die during trip1 in 5 die during trip

EnlightenmentEnlightenment

Some Europeans thought logic & Some Europeans thought logic & reason could improve governmentreason could improve government

John Locke: John Locke: Two Treatises of Two Treatises of GovernmentGovernment—life, liberty, —life, liberty, propertyproperty

Social contractSocial contract Influenced colonial thinkersInfluenced colonial thinkers Jefferson, Franklin, AdamsJefferson, Franklin, Adams

Great AwakeningGreat Awakening Enlightenment thinking affected Enlightenment thinking affected

religionreligion Enlightenment thinkers saw humans Enlightenment thinkers saw humans

as goodas good Some denominations taught that Some denominations taught that

humans were wickedhumans were wicked Religious leaders worried that material Religious leaders worried that material

values had replaced spiritual valuesvalues had replaced spiritual values A major religious revival began in the A major religious revival began in the

colonies in the 1730scolonies in the 1730s

An outstanding leader was Jonathan An outstanding leader was Jonathan EdwardsEdwards

Appealed to listeners’ fears & Appealed to listeners’ fears & emotionsemotions

Thousands also came to hear Thousands also came to hear Methodist George WhitefieldMethodist George Whitefield

Religion became more accessibleReligion became more accessible Church membership increasedChurch membership increased Important in colonies’ relationship Important in colonies’ relationship

with Great Britainwith Great Britain

Life in the ColoniesLife in the Colonies Scots, Scots-Irish, Germans, French, & Scots, Scots-Irish, Germans, French, &

Jews began to come to the coloniesJews began to come to the colonies Created a new American culture—not Created a new American culture—not

British or EuropeanBritish or European Cities were livelyCities were lively Some had paved streets & sidewalksSome had paved streets & sidewalks Libraries, bookshops, impressive Libraries, bookshops, impressive

buildingsbuildings Colonial printers became very Colonial printers became very

importantimportant

French & Indian WarFrench & Indian War In the 1700s, Britain & France In the 1700s, Britain & France

competed for landcompeted for land French built forts & allied w/Native French built forts & allied w/Native

Americans (fur trade)Americans (fur trade) British also built forts & made Native British also built forts & made Native

American alliancesAmerican alliances 1754, French & Native Americans 1754, French & Native Americans

attacked Britishattacked British British armies were easy targetsBritish armies were easy targets Colonists forced into armyColonists forced into army

1759 British captured French colonial 1759 British captured French colonial city of Quebeccity of Quebec

Treaty of Paris ended the war in 1763Treaty of Paris ended the war in 1763

The war unified the coloniesThe war unified the colonies Britain gained new territoryBritain gained new territory Cost of the war would hurt Great Cost of the war would hurt Great

BritainBritain Cost of war would be passed on to Cost of war would be passed on to

the coloniststhe colonists Proclamation of 1763 prevented Proclamation of 1763 prevented

colonists from moving beyond the colonists from moving beyond the Appalachian mountainsAppalachian mountains

Many colonists ignored the Many colonists ignored the proclamationproclamation