Collections of Famous Architectures of different centuries

Collectionof FamousArchitecturesand People indifferent centuries

PROCESSMANUALA

BY, Sabyasachi KUILA

ContentsDesign Project

What is Collection?

Why we collect things?

My Collection

Timeline

Initial Brainstorm

Target Audience

Mood Board

Mindmap

Final idea

Stonehenge, England

Khiva, Uzbekistan

Pagoda of Fogong Temple, China

Angkor Wat, Cambodia

Layout design

Golden Ratio

Content page layout

Cover page (Front & Back)

Design explorations (Front Cover page)

Final design (Front & Back cover page)

Design explorations (Content page)

Final design (Content page)

People of different centuries

Digital Illustrations

Making of the Booklet

Final design

Bibliography

Cologne Cathedral, Germany

Court of Lions, Spain

San Pietro, Rome

Fatehpur Sikri, India

St Pauls Cathedral, London

Vilnius Cathedral, Lithuania

Big Ben, London

Christ the Redeemer, Rio de Jeneiro

Walt Disney Concert Hall, California

Ideation of the deliverables

Explorations of Folds

Final design idea of the deliverables

Dimensions of the Booklet

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Project Brief

Format

Process Book

Deliverables

To design a book/Printed Artifact for our (or someone else’s) collection. This project is an information study and apply logical, but above all clarity to inform as well as enthuse and delight the reader.

Smaller than A3. No restrictions on colour.

Minimum 10 pages.

Book/Booklet/Printed Artifact Process Book.

01Design Project

What is Collection?Collection can be defined as the act or process of collecting something. In different views it can also be de-rived as a group of objects or works to be seen, studied, or kept together. In designer point of view collection can also be derived as a line of products produced for one season.

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Why we collect things?When we think of collecting, we might put in mind expensive works of art or historical artifacts that are later sold to a museum. But the truth is, for many people who amass collections, the value of their collec-tion is not monetary, but emotionally valuable and often not for sale. Collections allow people to relive their childhood, connect themselves to a period in history or time they feel strongly about, to ease insecurity and anxiety about losing a part of themselves, and to keep the past present.

1. Some collect for the thrill of the hunt. Collecting is much like a quest, a lifelong pursuit which can never be complete.

2. Collecting may provide psychological security by filling a part of the self one feels is missing or void of meaning.

3. When one collects, one experiments with arranging, organizing, and presenting a part of the world which may serve to provide a safety zone, a place of refuge where fears are calmed and insecurity is managed.

4. Motives are not mutually exclusive, different motives combine in each collector for a multitude of reasons.

5. Collection helps us to segregate and identify varieties of objects from each other.

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My CollectionFrom my Childhood, I was very fascinated about Architectures and how they were built. I observed that along with time, the ideas and design of architectural structure changed a lot. Architecture is both the process and product of planning, designing, and constructing buildings and other physical structures. Architectural works, in the material form of buildings, are often perceived as cultural symbols and as works of art and people in different centuries. Historical civilizations are often identified with their surviving architectural achievements. This booklet is a collection of Famous architectures and people in different centuries that shows a clear picture of history and culture of mankind throughout the ages.

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TimelineFrom the beginning of human civilisation, we were fascinated about architecture. It was a tough call to cover the entire collection of architectures and people at that time from all the centuries. The history of architec-ture traces the changes in architecture through various traditions, regions, overarching stylistic trends, and dates.

The architectural collection I wanted to cover is from all parts of the world to show various styles of buildings and people in that century. So I wanted to showcase a collection of architecture from each of the centuries and people at that time.

So basically, I am covering every centuries till date to show a drastic change in the architectural design and people at that time to potray the lifestyle from stone age to 21st century.

01. Stone Age02. 10th Century03. 11th Century04. 12th Century05. 13th Century06. 14th Century07. 15th Century08. 16th Century09. 17th Century10. 18th Century11. 19th Century12. 20th Century13. 21st Century

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Initial BrainstormBefore finalising what and how I am going to show my collection, I started to gather different kind of archi-tectural buildings from different centuries to get an idea how I am going to potray my collection.

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Target Audience

Age group

Since from my childhood, I was interested in Architectures and buildings, so I thought it will be a great idea to take children as my target audience because the whole idea behind to make them aware of the fact that architecture plays a major part in human history through time.

8 to 13 years old!

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Mood BoardTo illustrate and design something first we have to understand the target audience very well. From variety of images we can get some keywords and colour palettes that will help to design the book for them.

Curious LearnColourful PlayfulEnergetic ComicFantasy NewInteresting

Keywords Colour Palette

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MindmapThe whole point of the collection of different century architectures is to show the gradual changes of man-kind with time and how they updated themselves through ages On the other side I also wanted to depict the cultural difference between people living in different centuries.

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Final ideaAfter researching for sometime, I realised just showing the normal architectural buildings in different cen-turies and people won’t help my target audience to learn something out of this collection but if I chose the famous architectural building from each of the centuries, there will be an educational value to my collection as well as it will create more interest to the readers.

These are the Famous architectural building and monuments I chose to include in my collection book.Another thing I wanted to include that since its a book for children, the text will be minimal and images will stand out to create interest among them.

01. Stone Age: Stonehenge, England

02. 10th Century: Khiva, Uzbekistan

03. 11th Century: Pagoda of Fogong Temple, China

04. 12th Century: Angkor Wat, Cambodia

05. 13th Century: Cologne Cathedral, Germany

06. 14th Century: Court of Lions, Spain

07. 15th Century: San Pietro, Rome

08. 16th Century: Fatehpur Sikri, India

09. 17th Century: St Pauls Cathedral, London

10. 18th Century: Vilnius Cathedral, Lithuania

11. 19th Century: Big Ben, London

12. 20th Century: Christ the Redeemer, Rio di Janeiro

13. 21st Century: Walt Disney Concert hall, California

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Stonehenge, EnglandStonehenge is a prehistoric monument located in Wiltshire, England, north of Salisbury. One of the most fa-mous sites in the world, Stonehenge is the remains of a ring of standing stones set within earthworks. It is in the middle of the most dense complex of Neolithic and Bronze Age monuments in England, including several hundred burial mounds.

Archaeologists believe it was built anywhere from 3000 BC to 2000 BC. Radiocarbon dating in 2008 suggested that the first stones were raised between 2400 and 2200 BC, whilst another theory suggests that bluestones may have been raised at the site as early as 3000 BC.

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Khiva, UzbekistanKhiva is a city of approximately 50,000 people located in Xorazm Province, Uzbekistan. In the early part of its history, the inhabitants of the area were from Iranian stock and spoke an Eastern Iranian language called Khwarezmian. Subsequently the Iranian ruling class was replaced by Turks in the 10th century A.D, and the region gradually turned into an area with a majority of Turkic speakers.

The city of Khiva was first recorded by Muslim travellers in the 10th century, although archaeologists assert that the city has existed since the 6th century. By the early 17th century, Khiva had become the capital of the Khanate of Khiva, ruled by a branch of the Astrakhans, a Genghisid dynasty.

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Pagoda of Fogong Temple, ChinaThe Sakyamuni Pagoda of Fogong Temple of Ying County, Shanxi province, China, is a wooden Chinese pagoda built in 1056, during the Khitan-led Liao Dynasty. The pagoda was built by Emperor Daozong of Liao (Hongji. The pagoda, which has survived several large earthquakes throughout the centuries, reached a level of such fame within China that it was given the generic nickname of the “Muta”.

The pagoda features fifty-four different kinds of bracket arms in its construction, the greatest amount for any Liao Dynasty structure. Between each outer story of the pagoda is a mezzanine layer where the bracket arms are located on the exterior. From the exterior, the pagoda seems to have only five stories and two sets of roof-top eaves for the first story, yet the pagoda’s interior reveals that it has nine stories in all.

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Angkor Wat, CambodiaAngkor Wat was first a Hindu, later a Buddhist, temple complex in Cambodia and the largest religious monument in the world. The temple was built by the Khmer King Suryavarman II in the early 12th century in Yaśodharapura, the capital of the Khmer Empire, as his state temple and eventual mausoleum. As the best-preserved temple at the site, it is the only one to have remained a significant religious center since its foundation. The temple is at the top of the high classical style of Khmer architecture. It has become a symbol of Cambodia, appearing on its national flag, and it is the country’s prime attraction for visitors.

Angkor Wat combines two basic plans of Khmer temple architecture: the temple-mountain and the later galleried temple, based on early Dravidian architecture, with key features such as the Jagati. It is designed to represent Mount Meru, home of the devas in Hindu mythology.

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Cologne Cathedral, GermanyCologne Cathedral is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Cologne, Germany. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Cologne and the administration of the Archdiocese of Cologne. It is a renowned monument of German Catholicism and Gothic architecture and is a World Heritage Site. Construction of Cologne Cathedral com-menced in 1248 and was halted in 1473, leaving it unfinished. It is 474 ft long, 284 ft wide and its towers are approximately 515 ft tall.

The cathedral is the largest Gothic church in Northern Europe and has the second-tallest spires. Its two huge spires give it the largest façade of any church in the world. The choir has the largest height to width ra-tio of any medieval church. Despite having been left incomplete during the medieval period, Cologne Cathe-dral eventually became unified as “a masterpiece of exceptional intrinsic value” and “a powerful testimony to the strength and persistence of Christian belief in medieval Europe”.

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Court of Lions, SpainThe Courtyard of the Lions is the main courtyard of the Nasrid dynasty Palace of the Lions, in the heart of the Alhambra, the Moorish citadel formed by a complex of palaces, gardens and forts in Granada, Spain. It was commissioned by the Nasrid sultan Muhammed V of the Emirate of Granada in Al-Andalus. Its construction started in the second period of his reign, between 1362 and 1391 AD.

The structure of the courtyard, has, as it has been said, a direct influence of the Sevillian Patio de las Don-cellas, but its meaning and origins connect with the Persian gardens that is root of the Islamic gardening, the courtyard divided in four parts, each one of them symbolizing one of the four parts of the world. Each part is irrigated by a water channel that symbolize the four rivers of Paradise. This courtyard is, therefore, an architectural materialization of Paradise, where the gardens, the water, and the columns form a conceptual and physical unity. The slender column forest have been said to represent the palm trees of an oasis in the desert, deeply related with Paradise in the Nasrid imagination.

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San Pietro, RomeThe Church of San Pietro in Montorio was built on the site of an earlier 9th-century church dedicated to Saint Peter on Rome’s Janiculum hill. According to tradition, it was the site of his crucifixion. In the 15th century, the ruins were given to the Amadist friars, a reform branch of the Franciscans, founded by the Blessed Ama-deus of Portugal, who served as confessor to Pope Sixtus IV from 1472.

The church was decorated with artworks by prominent 16th and 17th-century masters. The first chapel on the right contains Sebastiano del Piombo’s Flagellation and Transfiguration. Michelangelo, who had be-friended Sebastiano in Rome, supplied figure drawings that were incorporated into the Flagellation. The sec-ond chapel has a fresco by Niccolò Circignani, some Renaissance frescoes from the school of Pinturicchio, and an allegorical sibyl and virtue attributed to Baldassarre Peruzzi.

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Fatehpur Sikri, IndiaFatehpur Sikri is a city and a municipal board in Agra district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. The city was founded in 1569 by the Mughal emperor Akbar, and served as the capital of the Mughal Empire. According to contemporary historians, Akbar took a great interest in the building of Fatehpur Sikri and probably also dictated its architectural style.

But the influences of his adopted land came through in the typically Indian embellishments. The easy avail-ability of sandstone in the neighbouring areas of Fatehpur Sikri, also meant that all the buildings here were made of the red stone. The imperial Palace complex consists of a number of independent pavilions arranged in formal geometry on a piece of level ground, a pattern derived from Arab and central Asian tent encamp-ments. In its entirety, the monuments at Fatehpur Sikri thus reflect the genius of Akbar in assimilating diverse regional architectural influences within a holistic style that was uniquely his own.

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St Pauls Cathedral, LondonSt Paul’s Cathedral, London, is an Anglican cathedral, the seat of the Bishop of London and the motherchurch of the Diocese of London. It sits at the top of Ludgate Hill, the highest point in the City of London. Its dedication to Paul the Apostle dates back to the original church on this site. The present church, dating from the late 17th century, was designed in the English Baroque style by Sir Christopher Wren. Its construction, completed within Wren’s lifetime, was part of a major rebuilding programme which took place in the city after the Great Fire of London.

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Vilnius Cathedral, LithuaniaThe Cathedral of Vilnius is the main Roman Catholic Cathedral of Lithuania. It is situated in Vilnius Old Town, just off of Cathedral Square. Dedicated to Saints Stanislaus and Ladislaus, the church is the heart of Catholic spiritual life in Lithuania.

In 1387, the year in which Lithuania was officially converted to Christianity, construction began on a second Gothic Cathedral with five chapels. This second cathedral, however, burnt down in 1419. The third Cathedral had three naves and four circular towers at its corners. In 1522, the Cathedral was renovated, and a bell tower was built on top of the Lower Castle defensive tower. After another fire in 1530, it was rebuilt again and more chapels and the crypts were added. The Cathedral acquired architectural features associated with the Renaissance.

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Big Ben, LondonBig Ben is the nickname for the Great Bell of the clock at the north end of the Palace of Westminster in Lon-don, and often extended to refer to the clock and the clock tower. The tower is officially known as the Eliza-beth Tower, renamed as such to celebrate the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II (prior to being renamed in 2012 it was known as simply “Clock Tower”).

The tower holds the second largest four-faced chiming clock in the world (Minneapolis City Hall being the first). The tower was completed in 1858 and had its 150th anniversary on 31 May 2009, during which celebra-tory events took place.The tower has become one of the most prominent symbols of the United Kingdom.

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Christ the Redeemer, Rio de JeneiroChrist the Redeemer (Portuguese: Cristo Redentor) is an Art Deco statue of Jesus Christ in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, created by French sculptor Paul Landowski and built by the Brazilian engineer Heitor da Silva Costa, in collaboration with the French engineer Albert Caquot. It is 30 metres (98 ft) tall, not including its 8-metre (26 ft) pedestal, and its arms stretch 28 metres (92 ft) wide. The statue has become an icon for Rio de Janeiro and Brazil. It is made of reinforced concrete and soapstone, and was constructed between 1922 and 1931.

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Walt Disney Concert Hall, CaliforniaThe Walt Disney Concert Hall at 111 South Grand Avenue in Downtown of Los Angeles, California, is the fourth hall of the Los Angeles Music Center and was designed by Frank Gehry. It opened on October 24, 2003. Bounded by Hope Street, Grand Avenue, and 1st and 2nd Streets, it seats 2,265 people and serves, among other purposes, as the home of the Los Angeles Philharmonic orchestra and the Los Angeles Master Cho-rale. The hall is in a vineyard seating configuration, similar to the Berliner Philharmonie by Hans Scharoun.

The Frank Gehry-designed building opened on October 24, 2003. Both Gehry’s architecture and the acoustics of the concert hall, designed by Yasuhisa Toyota, have been praised, in contrast to its predecessor, the Doro-thy Chandler Pavilion.

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Ideation of the deliverablesDesigning a normal book will be not grab the attention of a children than designing someting interesting booklet or concertina. So I planned to design something like a booklet which can also turn into a concerti-na due to different types of folds. The design will show the entire timeline of the architectures according to different centuries while its fully open otherwise it will look like a booklet.

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25Explorations of FoldsI did some explorations with some long strip of papers to understand the foldings so that it both looks like a booklet and concertina at the same content.

#1

#5

#2

#6

#3

#7

#4

#8

26Final design idea of the deliverablesAfter exploring with some ideas I came up with an idea which is simple yet very interesting to watch and ex-plore. From outside it totallu looks like a booklet but while someone browse through the pages, they will find some interesting folds inside. If he opens the booklet, it will convert into a concertina as well as the timeline of famous architectures of different centuries and people.

Booklet

Concertina book

27Dimensions of the BookletI have shown the actual size of the booklet.

Height: 12 cm

Width: 20 cm

Booklet (1:1)

28Layout designSince its a booklet for children, I emphasized more on images than text because it will create more interest to go through booklet for them. There are two types of layout design in the booklet.

1) One image covering a single page.

Typeface: DINpro (Bold)12 pt. size


Typeface: DINBold (AltItalic)10 pt. size

Typeface: DINRegular (AltItalic)3 lines8 pt. size

Header

01

Header

2013 AD

Page No.

Timeline

Body text

Body text for 3 lines. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consec-tetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua, ut enim ad minim veniam.

Image Area

Margins for Text

The timeline helps to connect the booket through different centuries.

29Layout design2) Two images covering a single page. (Divided into Half: 10 cm each)

The text box is flexible in the layout. Its position changes according to the image but it will always follow the 3 lines body text and the header inside the Top margin.



Typeface: DINBold (AltItalic)10 pt. size

Typeface: DINRegular (AltItalic)3 lines8 pt. size

Header Header

0201

2013 AD 2013 AD

Header

Page No.

Timeline

Body text

Body text for 3 lines. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor ncididunt ut labore.

Body text for 3 lines. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor ncididunt ut labore.

Image AreaImage Area

Margins for Text

Golden RatioThe Golden ratio is a special number found by dividing a line into two parts so that the longer part divided by the smaller part is also equal to the whole length divided by the longer part.

The Golden Ratio and Phi have been used in various geometrical constructions throughout history. This distinctive ratio can be found in the human body, nature, solar systems, DNA, the stock market, the Bible and theology, music, artwork and design, and architecture. Even though the Golden Ratio is found in sever-al aspects of culture and science, one can experience the ratio visibly in structures of ancient and modern architecture.

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31Content page layoutI have designed the layout of the content page following the golden ratio since it has a great impact in ar-chitecture. In the boxes, there will be images of the architectures showing what are places mentioned in the booklet.



Typeface: DINRegular (AltItalic)8 pt. size

Header

Page No.

Body textContentsBody text. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua, ut enim ad minim veniam. quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

111009 12 13

0605 07 0804

01 02 03

Golden Ratio

32Cover page (Front)

BOOKTITLE

I have planned the layout of the front cover page which will more or less follow the layout shown below.

Description of the Book.

Author NameCompany

Logo

Typeface: Not decided126 pt. size to102 pt. size

Typeface: American Typewriter (Regular)10 pt. size

Typeface: American Typewriter (Regular & Bold)

Header

Author name

Description

Cover page (Back)I have planned the layout of the front cover page which will more or less follow the layout shown below.

Body text. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

ABOUT THE BOOK

Company Logo

Barcode of the book

Typeface: Not decided39 pt. size


Header

Body text

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#1

#3

#2

#4

Design explorations (Front Cover page)While designing the cover page, I wanted to show some elements which is related to architecture other than showing some buildings. I have explored some textures and technical drawings related to architecture.

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After I designed the cover page of the front side with technical drawings, I realised that the elements are not much appropriate with the topic inside the booklet thus might miscommunicate with the target audience before ever opening the booklet. And the other thing is that, I have not used any catchy lines to drag atten-tion for my audience so that they can easily get attracted towards the booklet just by looking at it cover. So I consulted with my faculty and came up with an idea of designing a cover page with blueprint background (related to architecture) and a catchy line which will draw attention towards the audience to go through it.

The previous design Exploration.

Design explorations (Front Cover page)

36Final design (Front Cover page)In the final design, I took a catchy name which will draw attraction towards the audience over the blueprint background using appropriate typeface to match with the blueprint. The red strip line in the right hand cor-ner is the continuation of the timeline which creates a constant flow in the booklet as well as in timeline.

Typeface: Bluprint126 pt. size &102 pt. size


Typeface: American Typewriter (Regular & Bold)

Header1:1

Author name

Description

37Final design (Back Cover Page)To match the Front cover, I have designed the back cover accordingly. I have shown some elements related to blueprint paper to create a story in the image along with the barcode and Brand name of the booklet.

Typeface: Bluprint39 pt. size


Header1:1

Description

38Design explorations (Content page)In the contents page, I was exploring with different types of manipulations in the images for the thumnails I am going to use. To relate with the blueprint, I designed some abstract form of the buildings. But its getting really hard to recognize the buildings due to its abstract form. So I decided to stick to the photo realistic illustrations to match with the content of the booklet.

Image not clear Clear image

Final design (Content page)Following the golden ratio, I arranged the thumbnails of the architectures along with the page numbers indi-cated over the images.



Typeface: DINRegular (AltItalic)8 pt. size

Header

Page No.

Body text

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People of different centuriesIn the booklet, I also illustrated the people in that period of time and their way of living, to create an environ-ment in different centuries. Here are the rough sketches of the characters which I illustrated later digitally.

01. Stoneage (England)02. 10th Century (Uzbekistan)03. 11th Century (China)04. 12th Century (Germany)05. 13th Century (Cambodia)06. 14th Century (Spain)07. 15th Century (Rome)08. 16th Century (India)09. 17th Century (London)10. 18th Century (Lithuania)11. 19th Century (London)12. 20th Century (Rio de Jeneiro)13. 21st Century (California)

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09 10 11 12 13

02 03 04 05 06 07 08

Digital IllustrationsTo create a contrast with photorealistic images, I illustrated the characters in comic way to keep my target audience interested in the booklet along with a story in every on the other side of the booklet. For reference with the architecture, I also include the characters in the images to make it look they exist in these centuries. I have digitalize the characters in Adobe Illustrator by following this process.

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Hi everyone! I am Sam. I belong from Stone age. I was born evenbefore Jesus Christ!

Every characters have their own story which they introduced themselves in the backside of the booklet.

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Hello everyone! I am Siang lama. I am a priest in Angkor Wat temple which wasestablished in 12th century.

Hi, I am Innocent IV, the popein Cologne Cathedral during13th century. I started to preach Christianity from 1245 AD.

Hello there! I am Sekh Abdullah and I guard the city gates of Khiva. I was born during 10th century.


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Hello everyone, I am Camilla.I am a citizen of Montorio inRome. I love to go to churchevery Sunday.

Hi, I am Akbar, the king ofMughal dynasty. I run theMunicipal board in Fatehpur Sikri established by me in1569 AD.

Hello there, I am Victor, theCavalier of the King. I am also known as Royalists ofthe King. I was with the kingduring 17th century.

Hello there! I am Sekh Abdullah and I guard the city gates of Khiva. I was born during 10th century.


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Hi, I am Charlotte, but I cannottalk to you right now. As yousee I am really late for worktoday. see you around!

Hello, I am Augustas, the Grand Duke of Lithuania in 18th century. I worship Christianity and often pay visits to Vilnius Cathedral.

Hi, I am John Roberts. I belongfrom an Aristocratic family inWestminister. My father wasone of the architects involvedin building the Big Ben.

Olá everybody, I am Alberto fromRio de Jeneiro. My favourite placeis the statue of Cristo Redentor.When I was a child, I saw the statue was built by French sculptor Paul Landowski and Brazilian engineer Heitor da Silva Costa.


45Making of the BookletSince it is a concertina as well as Booklet, I showed the timeline of different centuries which is connected to the every spread. It was not possible for me to take a single printout at a time because the length is more than 2 metres. So I took the prints into small portions and stick it together to make the Final design.

Final designThese are some images of the final design from the booklet.

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Documents

Collections of Famous Architectures of different centuries