cloud

Cloud computing

AgendaIntroductionRelated WorksCloud computing Literature ReviewProblem FormulationReferences

IntroductionAn environment created in a users machine from an on-line application stored on the cloud and run through a web browser.

In simple Cloud computing is using the internet to access someone else's software running on someone else's hardware in someone else's data center.

Grid ComputingRefer to resource-pooled environments for running compute jobs rather than long running processes. Servers are meant to manage distributed workload.Utility ComputingRefer to resource-pooled environments for hosting long running processes, and tends to be focused on meeting service levels with the optimal amount of resources necessary to do so. Pay only for what you use.Cloud Computing Refer to a variety of services available over the Internet that deliver compute functionality on the service provider's infrastructureIts environment (infrastructure) may actually be hosted on either a grid or utility computing environment, but that doesn't matter to a service userThe data in the cloud, as Intel inside (or intelligence inside), is often an important part of the servicesRelated Works

Definition of Cloud

How it worksUtilizes the network as a means to connect user end point to resources that are centralized in a data center.

The data center may by accessed via the internet or a company network or both.

Allows access from a variety of end points such as a mobile phone, a PC or a tablet.

Allows access from any internet connected location, allowing Telecommuting and Outsourcing.

A user endpoint with minimal software requirements may submit a task for processing. The service provider may pool the processing power of multiple remote computers in "the cloud" to achieve the task, such as data warehousing of hundreds of terabytes, managing and synchronizing multiple documents online, or computationally intensive work

Data + IntelligenceThird Party ServicesMicrosoft ServicesData as a Service

Figure : Cloud Usage in Gmail

Cloud Computing Simple DefinitionCloud Computing = Software as a Service + Platform as a Service + Infrastructure as a Service


Software as a Service (SaaS)From end users point of viewApps are located in the cloudSoftware experiences are delivered through the Internet


Platform as a Service (PaaS)From developers point of view (i.e. cloud users)Cloud providers offer an Internet-based platform to developers who want to create services but don't want to build their own cloud


Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)Cloud providers build datacentersPower, scale, hardware, networking, storage, distributed systems, etcDatacenter as a serviceCloud users rent storage, computation, and maintenance from cloud providers (pay-as-you-go; like utility)

Risk Mitigation in cloud

Privileged user access. Enquire about who has specialized access to data and about the hiring and management of such administratorsRegulatory complianceMakes sure a vendor is willing to undergo external audits and/or security certificationsData locationsAsk if a provider allows for any control over the location of data.

Data segregationMake sure that encryption is available at all stages and that these "encryption schemes were designed and tested by experienced professionals

RecoveryFind out what will happen to data in the case of a disaster; do they offer complete restoration and, if so, how long that would take

Investigative SupportEnquire whether a vendor has the ability to investigate any inappropriate or illegal activity

Long-term viabilityAsk what will happen to data if the company goes out of business how will data be returned and in what format.

Communication in the CloudUsing the Communications ServicesAccessing through Web APIs

When building communications capabilities into the core of the cloud, where they will be accessed by another service, the Web 2.0 APIs can be used, as well as a combination of SIP or VoiceXML and the standard media controlling APIs such asMSML, MSCML, and JSR309.

Key characteristics of cloudCostDevice and location independenceReliabilityScalabilitySecuritySustainability

ChallengesScheduling the ResourcesSecurity and Privacy Lack of StandardsLack of StandardsContinuously Evolving Compliance Concerns

Components of cloud computing

Cloud deployment models

Cloud Computing Service Models

Roles in cloud computing

VirtualizationThe term virtualization broadly describes the separation of a resource or request for a service from the underlying physical delivery of that service

Hypervisor A thin layer of software that generally provides virtual partitioning capabilities which runs directly on hardware, but underneath higher-level virtualization services. Sometimes referred to as a bare metal approach

LITERATURE REVIEW

Autonomic Cloud Computing: Open Challenges and Architectural Elements by Xiaorong Li et al.,2012As Clouds are complex, large-scale and heterogeneous distributed systems, management of their resources is a challenging task

Development of an autonomic management system

Such a platform will be able to dynamically provision Cloud resources to applications in such a way that Quality of Service expectations of users are met with an amount of resources that optimizes the energy consumption required to run the application.

But this system fails in resource management for larger number of client request and data.

Resource Management In Cloud Computing With Increasing Dataset by Preeti Agrawal et al., 2012Presenting the cloud computing where resources are available on the temporary basis or in the leased. The resources are in the form or combination of Software and Hardware the customer utilize this resources

Problem area is when there are more users for single cloud resources at instance of time then how it can synchronize the resources scheduling for more than one user.

This system fails if the number of clients are increased to more than five clients to providing them resources. Several future directions are identified for further investigation. developing schemes for incorporating multiple QoS constraints into the resource management problem is challenging one.

Scheduling Problem Request for resources On what basis to select ? How to select?ResourcesResultsSelection

Cloud Scheduling - A Survey by T.Lucia Agnes Beena et al., 2014

Qos based Scheduling Online Scheduling Resource Scheduling Cost-effective scheduling Load balancing Capacity planning Bandwidth-aware scheduling Energy-aware scheduling Gang scheduling

Queue based Job Scheduling algorithm for Cloud computing by Shahram Behzad et al., 2013a central node considered as Job queue plays the role of taking jobs from users and storing them in its queue. Then, the jobs are ordered based on priority

Q=iQ=i+1Q=i+2USER1Hybrid Job SchedulingHybrid Job SchedulingHybrid Job SchedulingHybrid Job SchedulingHybrid Job Scheduling1234NJob queueUSER2USER3USER4USERNFailure of the central node causes the whole system to be failed, so there is a need of more efficient way to schedule

n4321jobsi+ni+3i+2i+1iP

Priority Based Job Scheduling Techniques In Cloud Computing: A Systematic Review by Swachil Patel et al., 2013Job Scheduling is used to allocate certain jobs to particular resources in particular time. In cloud computing, job- scheduling problem is a biggest and challenging issue. Hence the job scheduler should be dynamic

A two-stage-priority-rule-based algorithm for robust resource-constrained project scheduling :

But resource distribution is not uniform, mainly fails in load balancing

A Hyper-Heuristic Scheduling Algorithm for Cloud by Chun-Wei Tsai et al.,2013Module DescriptionUser ModuleWorkload ModuleScheduler ModulePerformance Evaluation

figure :Architecture diagram

Problem FormulationThe Project work aims to addresses, a high-performance scheduling algorithm which can provide a better scheduling result in a reasonable time as needed. Because the design of the rule based scheduling algorithm is not efficient for cloud system, so there is a need of an efficient way to schedule the resources of non rule based. It is expected that by employing improvement detection and diversity detection operator better scheduling can be achieved called science of computing on Cloud.

References

[1]Michael Armbrust, Armando Fox, Rean Griffith, Anthony D. Joseph Randy H. Katz, Andrew Konwinski, Gunho Lee, David A. Patterson, Ariel Rabkin, Ion Stoica, Matei Zaharia, Technical Report on cloud, Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California at Berkeley,2009[2]Ian Foster, Yong Zhao, Ioan Raicu, Shiyong Lu, Cloud Computing and Grid Computing 360-Degree Compared, International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, October 2011.[3]Rajkumar Buyya, Rodrigo N. Calheiros, and Xiaorong Li, Autonomic Cloud Computing: Open Challenges and Architectural Elements, 2012. [4]Preeti Agrawal, Yogesh Rathore, Resource Management In Cloud Computing With Increasing Dataset, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, Volume 2, Issue 6, June 2012.

[5]D.I. George Amalarethinam, T.Lucia Agnes Beena , Cloud Scheduling - A Survey, International Journal of Computer Applications, Volume 97 No.13, July 2014 [6]Shahram Behzad, Reza Fotohi , Mehdi Effatparvar, Queue based Job Scheduling algorithm for Cloud computing, International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, Vol, 4 (12), 2013.[7]Swachil Patel, Upendra Bhoi, Priority Based Job Scheduling Techniques In Cloud Computing: A Systematic Review, International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research , Volume 2, Issue 2, November 2013.[8]Chun-Wei Tsai, Wei-Cheng Huang, Meng-Hsiu Chiang, Ming-Chao Chiang, and Chu-Sing Yang, A Hyper-Heuristic Scheduling Algorithm for Cloud, IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing, Volume 2, No 10, January 2013.[9]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing

***Similar to Windows Platform for ISV developers in the PC ecosystem*Similar to Windows Platform for ISV developers in the PC ecosystem**

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