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3 1924 003 596 370

CLOTHES WRINGERSAND

COLD PROCESS MANGLES

Cornell University

Library

The original of tiiis book is in

tine Cornell University Library.

There are no known copyright restrictions in

the United States on the use of the text.

http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924003596370

Technical Facts Told in a

Comprehensive Way

COMPILED THROUGH A DESIRE

THAT ITS PAGES MAY BE OF

REAL VALUE TO THE TEACHER

AS WELL AS TO THE STUDENT

OF DOMESTIC SCIENCE

Copyright, 1915

By LOVELL MANUFACTURING CO.

TABLE OF CONTENTS page

Introductory 3

CLOTHES WRINGERSBearings

Ball Bearings 12

Metal Bearings 12

Wood Bearings 12

Clamps (Tub)"Hold Fast" for round tubs 5

Wood, for stationary tubs 7-8

Extension, for stationary tubs 7

For unit porcelain tubs 9

Mott clamps 14

Friction, reduction of 12

Gears or CogsRegular, outside of frame 4

Enclosed, inside of frame 13

Oiling .^ . .

.

14

Pressure, regulation of 13

Prices, comparative 6-10

Rolls

Qualities 10

Black rolls 11

Pressure vs. squeeze 10

Cleansing 11

Injury to 4

Sizes, Comparison of, small and large 3

Suggestions, for care 11-12-14

Tension, adjustment of 13

TypesImportance of selecting 3

Wringers for round portable tubs 4-5

Wringers for stationary tubs 6-7

Wringers for porcelain tubs 8-9

Wringers for power 14

"One Way" wringers 4-5

Folding Bench Wringers 9

WarrantyFor regular family use 10

Power wringers 14

Water BoardsRigid 5

Reversible 13

WringingSuggestions for 11-12-13

Results obtained by wringers 3

Results obtained by hand 3

MANGLESTable, small 15

Floor, large 15

Results secured 15

Clothes Wringers

THROUGH YEARS OF MANUFACTURING EVOLUTIONclothes wringers have reached the present perfection in

general appearance, details of construction and capabilities

for service.

Perhaps no other article of domestic utility is given such indif-

ferent care, has so much required of it, and is so little understood.

Coupled with these real facts, is the further condition that the

clothes wringer which is not suited forthe particular service required

of it, although unknown to the user, naturally begets a condition of

dissatisfaction, in which fault is found with the clothes wringer, the

dealer who sold it and the manufacturer who produced it.

The saving of time and the expenditure of muscular exertion,

through the use of a clothes wringer, is so fully realized throughout

the United States that argument seems unnecessary.

^Pair of Ball Bearing Rolls

It is well to note, however, that, as opposed to wringing by hand,

the resilient rubber rolls of a good clothes wringer lighten the labor

and without injury to fabrics thoroughly extract loosened dirt, as well

as the saponic element, also giving an evenness to the distribution

of the bluing, all of these points being indifferently performed through

wringing by hand.

Clothes wringers of the smallest size (fitted with rolls 10 x If

inches) are suitable only for light work, but wringers with rolls of

eleven or twelve inches will readily handle large pieces, and will

wonderfully increase the efficiency, ease and rapidity of wringing.

TYPES OF CLOTHES WRINGERSWe give to this feature the place of greatest prominence and

importance. Mention of three types will serve our purpose, divided

:

CLOTHES WRINGERS FOR ROUNDPORTABLE TUBS ("One Way").

CLOTHES WRINGERS FOR STATIONARY TUBS.

CLOTHES WRINGERS OPERATED BY POWER.

CLOTHES WRINGERS FOR ROUND TUBSThis type of clothes wringer will be found in catalogue No. 7, pages 8 to 60 inclusive.

The hinged or swinging tub clamp at once identifies this form of

clothes wringer as suited ONLY for use on round tubs.

The "Hold Fast" tub clamp takes its name from its adaptability

to securely affix the clothes wringer to the curved surface of

"One Way" Wringer No. 580 Guarantee

wooden tubs, those of fibre, as well as the thin walls of galvanized

iron wash tubs.

The illustration on this page shows this tjrpe of clothes wringer

on a round tub, from which it will be seen that the entire clothes

"One Way" Wringer No. 770 Bicycle

wringer, excepting only the clamp bracket arm and the clamp thumbscrew, is suspended over the tub.

4

To direct the return into the tub of the water extracted as the

fabric passes between the rolls, this clothes wringer has fitted under-neath the rolls a rigid drip hoard.

It will be very clear that under no condition would there be a

requirement for the extracted water to flow over the tub upon the

floor. The opposite condition necessarily is required, and the con-

struction of this type of clothes wringer embodies that necessity.

"One-Way" Wringer

This wringer is commonly described by the trade as a "One Way"wringer. This is a comprehensive description and serves to define

the type, as opposed to wringers which are fitted with reversible

water boards for use on stationary tubs.

Hold Fast" Tub Clamp

No difficulty will be experienced in positively identifying the

"One Way" type of wringer, if you will associate the hinged or swing-

ing iron tub clamp with the "One Way" construction.

The usual width or opening of the "Hold Fast" clamp is one

and five-eights inches, a sufficient width to permit this wringer,

which is made only for round tubs, to be affixed to the partition of

some styles of stationary wash tubs. The wringer will then, as in

Section ofBall Bearing

"One Way" Iron Frame No. 750 Guarantee

the preceeding illustration of the round tub, be wholly suspended over

the left-hand stationary tub, say the one in which the suds or soapy

water is contained. The swinging clamp being particularly adapted

to adhere closely to the curvature of round tubs, will not hold well

upon the straight wall of the stationary tub and the operator will

find it necessary, after starting a garment between the rolls, to hold

the wringer down with the left hand.

The extracted water from garments wrung from the left-hand

tub will properly return to the same tub. Garments have now passed

into the right-hand tub for rinsing and the left-hand tub will have

been changed from the suds water to the bluing, or perhaps a second

clear water.

There will be found no mechanical reason why the wringer

cannot be revolved backwards, but overlooking the fact that the

wringer can be induced to take the garments backward, requiring

Reversible Waterboard No. 726S GuaranteeIron Frame

a change of hands on the handle, first left, then right hand, so that

the garments can be helped through without wrapping around the

lower roll, it will be found that the soapy rinse water is falling into

the tub containing the blue water, which illustrates the statement

that the "One Way" wringer is not adapted for use on stationary tubs.

The ordinary retail price for a given quality and type of "OneWay" wringer is but 50 cents to 75 cents less than the same type and

quality of wringer made with reversible water board, and suited to

service upon the partition of stationary tubs.

This price difference refers to those stationary tubs which do not

have a thickness of partition greater than two inches.

CLOTHES WRINGERS FOR STATIONARY TUBS(Partitions of which do not exceed two inches in thickness)

(Catalogue No. 7, pages 72 to 90)

The next illustration on this page presents this type, fitted, as

you will note, with metal clamp screws, which actuate the woodencross bar, on each end of

which is fitted a woodenblock, forming the contact

with the tub. This block

has a length of two andthree-quarter inches, suffi-

cient to insure great rigidity,

without any possibility for

injury to the material of

which the tub is made. Iron

clamps are seldom used, ow-ing to the damage which

results, particularly to slate

or SOapStOne tubs. no. 780-S Guarantee

Clothes wringers for stationary tubs, tops of which are fitted

with a wringer board or those stationary tubs which are

fitted with a frame work around the entire top

(Catalogue No. 7, pages 91, 92, 93)

These boards may be of

any width up to seven andone-half inches. A single type

of wringer will fit any of these

varying board widths, the

designation being "Extension

Clamp" wringer.

No. 954-E Guarantee Extension Clamp

This tjrpe of wringer is illustrated on this page, as is also a

separate view of the extension clamp.

The clutch or movable part on the end of the clamp, opposite

to the threaded thumb screw, can be moved into the various notches,

as may be required to accommodate the varying widths of the board

over partition.

All wringers of this type are designated by the letter "E" follow-

ing the number of the wringer, as number "211 E Guarantee."

Clothes wringers for units or individual porcelain tubs,

placed side by side, and without a wringer board, or

wooden frame work on top

(Catalogue No. 7, page 97)

But one type of wringer will serve this kind of stationary tub.

These are designated "XFF," fitted with rolls eleven inches long bytwo inches diameter, or "XGG," fitted with rolls twelve inches long

and two inches diameter.

"^-wFORPOBCELilNTOS*^^^/

No. XGG Guarantee

All parts of the wringer are rubber-faced where coming in con-

tact with the porcelain surface of the tubs.

Both of these wringers are made in two widths of clampopenings:

3i inches to 5 inches and

5J inches to 7 inches.

FOLDING BENCH WRINGERS(Catalogue No. 7, pages 61 to 71)

By reference to the illustration it will be seen that designationof this type is fully descriptive, a perfect support being provided at

a proper- height for two wash tubs.

Wringing can be done out of either

tub, into the other, as a reversible

water board is provided.

Bench wringers are made in all

qualities and with all the conven-iences, enclosed gears, ball bearings,

spiral springs, and galvanized threadson pressure screws.

The support for the tubs is so

hinged that it is readily folded

against the standard or center up-right, occupying when not in use only

Folding Bench Wringer the floor space of the Center footedupright. Folding bench wringers are particularly servicable in theabsence of stationary tubs.

791-P Guarantee

WRINGERS FOR UNIT OR SEPARATED PORCELAIN TUBS(Catalogue No. 7, pages 94, 95, 96)

On this page is illustrated wringer suited for use on end of roll

rim porcelain tubs, when used as units. This type of wringer is

fitted with rigid (not reversible) water board.

All parts of these wringers which come in contact with tub, are

faced with rubber.

RUBBER ROLLS

The most important part, in fact, the vital part of a clothes

wringer is the rubber roll. In the wringer business a distinction is

made between pressure and squeeze. Wooden or iron rolls will

produce pressure, but will be wholly wanting in squeeze.

The more resilient the rubber roll, the more perfect will be the

extraction of moisture, with a corresponding diminution of tension on

the springs; or, stating it in another form, the least exertion in operat-

Four Wringer Roils

ing a wringer is achieved through the use of the finest and mostresilient rolls.

At this point it is of interest to consider the importance, as well

as the perfection of manufacture, to be able to continuously produce

rubber rolls of dependable quality.

For wringers used in the home we attach a warranty tag to each

wringer according to the quality of rolls, which may be five-year

warranty, three-year warranty, or one-year warranty.

Warranty Tags

Between those wringers fitted with the one-year quality of rolls,

and the next quality, three years, considerably less than $1.00 exists

in the selling price at retail, although there is a difference of three

times the period of warranty in favor of the three-year wringer.

The same proportionate price difference maintains in comparing

the three-year quality with the five-year quality.

It will be found in our product that the resiliency of the rolls can

readily be noted by comparison.

10

We have not yet been able to make a rubber roll which could betermed "Fool-proof." By this is implied that the best roll we knowhow to make, can be injured and flattened throughout its length if

the pressure screws are not relieved when wringer is not in use.

Further, the custom of placing the end of a garment between the

rolls, and reaching into the tub for another garment, meanwhileturning the crank, causes buttons and buckles to meet the rolls at

damaging angles. The surface of the rubber rolls is thereby cut.

Each time these points of injury come in contact with the opposite

roll, the cut is spread apart, washing compounds are forced into the

opening, and gradual disintegration naturally follows, less rapidly,

however, with the higher grades, than with the lower ones.

In wringing an entire lot, perhaps not more than two minutes

additional would be required to lift the garments parallel with the

rolls, thus insuring the rolls against injury from buttons or buckles,

certainly saving more than a corresponding expenditure of time to

sew on torn off or broken buttons.

CLEANSING OF RUBBER ROLLS

A good wringer roll, like the human hand, is absorbent, but is

as readily cleansed, preferably with tepid water and soap. This

cleansing of the rolls should be given immediately after each use of

the wringer and will insure snowy white rolls. Without this slight

attention, conditions highly unsanitary are possible.

By some a clothes wringer is used for extracting the excess from

garments which have been starched. After such use, particular

care should be given to thoroughly cleanse the entire surface of the

rubber rolls.

BLACK RUBBER ROLLS

Although not mentioned in our catalogue, we furnish wringers

fitted with black rubber rolls. We have a decided preference for

rolls of white rubber over those of black rubber, as there is no

real virtue in the dark color.

If soiled, the white roll readily shows the condition, whereas a

soiled condition of the black roll is apparent, perhaps only after

the soil has been transferred to a white garment.

BEARINGS

This word is used to describe that part of the clothes wringer in

which revolves the shaft extending beyond the end of the rubber roll.

Very much of interest is found in this point, which perhaps is less

thought of, or understood, than its importance would warrant.

METAL BEARINGS

In the early days of wringer construction wooden blocks were

used as bearings in which the iron shaft of the rolls revolved. Con-siderable friction naturally resulted between the iron

shaft and the softer element, and as the wood bear-

ings for the upper roll required frequent renewal to

insure perfect extraction of water, many years ago wediscarded the wood bearing for the more durable metal

bearing, made in such a form as to be easily

lubricated.

"Anchor Brand" clothes wringers can be had withUpper and LowerMetal Bearings

either metal bearings or

BALL BEARINGSBall bearing clothes wringers have the end of each roll fitted with

Lovell's Ball Bearings, that is to say, four complete ball bearings to

each wringer. But a trifling amount is added to the

selling price of the ball bearing wringer, as comparedwith the metal bearing wringer.

Our claim is that the ball bearing wringer, as wemake it, reduces friction 50 per cent. Some of our

enthusiastic friends claim this statement to be

inaccurate, declaring that friction is reduced fully

75 per cent.

It is of interest to consider that if the laundress need expend but

one-half of the usual exertion in turning the wringer, this reserve can

be considered of real value.

Ball Bearing as Fitted on Shaft of Roll

Just here we desire to draw a word picture of the average

laundress. Perhaps in your own experience you will have found the

counterpart.

Granting that the wringer when last used has had the pressure

on the rolls relieved by unscrewing the thumb screws on top, you will

see the laundress turn these screws down, then give the crank a turn

or two, alternating with several more turns on the pressure screws,

again turning the crank, the object being to put so pronounced a

tension on the spring as will cause the sensation of real muscle being

required to revolve the rolls of the empty wringer.

No one would think of adjusting the tension of a sewing machinein a similar manner, and it will at once be seen that the ball

bearing wringer, by this thoughtless method, may be adjusted with

actually hundreds of pounds pressure more than can possibly be

needed.

The correct way to determine the pressure, either on a metal

bearing or a ball bearing wringer, is to give an equal number of turns

to the pressure screws. Select an average size garment and pass

between the rolls. If found to be too moist, add a turn or two moredownward on the pressure screws until the desired extraction is

secured.

Naturally small articles, as well as extremely large ones, should

be favored by proportionate amount of tension.

ENCLOSED GEARS OR COG WHEELCOVERS

For the larger types of wringers, as used on

stationary laundry tubs, the enclosed gear does

not, perhaps, have the same value, as whenapplied to small "One Way" wringers, suited to

round portable tubs, although the enclosed gear

feature is gaining in popular favor on all types

of wringers.

This feature of bringing the cog wheels inside

of the frame and enclosing them, precludes any

possibility of little inquisitive fingers being inserted

between the cog wheels, also preventing the gar-

ments being caught between the cog wheels.

Enclosed Gears

REVERSIBLE WATER BOARDS

One infallible means for determining whether or not a wringer

is suited to a stationary tub, is to observe whether or not the wringer

is fitted with reversible water board. This facility is built into the

wringer in different forms, and cannot be purchased and affixed to

"One Way" wringers.

The ease with which the extracted water can be diverted into

either tub more than compensates for the comparatively small

additional cost on wringers which are provided with this facility.

MOTT CLAMPSThis is a designation used to describe the requirement for fitting

the special wringer board which is provided by the J. L. Mott Iron

Works, upon porcelain tubs of their manufacture.

The wringer board will be recognized by the metal band or hoop

which is fitted entirely around the board, there being two indentations

in the metal on each side, into which the wringer clamp of special

construction must fit with corresponding projections.

OILINGIt seems most natural to conclude that the laundress who will,

when finished with the wringer, cleanse the rolls and loosen the pres-

sure screws, would also carefully lubricate the bearings, for this is anattention which is most essential for ease of operation.

Vaseline, lard or thick grease of any kind is unsuited for the

wringer bearing. A good lubricating oil, applied a few drops at atime, will be all that is required, the frequency of application depend-

ing entirely upon the use of the wringer. Flooding of oil accomplishes

nothing but possible damage to the rolls, and in turn to the garments.

POWER WRINGERS(Catalogue No. 7, pages 101, 104.)

We do not supply motors of any kind. As noted in the catalogue,

we provide, when desired, pulleys for belt transmission, one pulley

running free, which makes it possible (by shifting the belt) to stopthe wringer without shutting off the power.

Invincible Wringer

The rubber rolls in all power wringers are made of highest gradematerials, but applying alike to all wringers which are operated bypower, no warranty is given of durability.

In laundry work the power wringer produces great capacity andinsures perfect extraction, without any possibility of damage to the

most delicate fabric. This is a most interesting statement of fact,

when compared with expensive power driven extractors.

COLD PROCESS MANGLES(Catalogue No. 7, pages 106, 111.)

Cold process mangles are rapidly gaining in popular favor,

owing to the fact that flat work, bed linen, towels, etc., whensmoothed out by the cold pro-

cess, are in the most perfectc o n d i t i n for absorption, andlonger life is guaranteed to the

fabric. These results are not

obtained under the searing,scorching treatment of anyheated process.

Each year sees a materialNo. 25 Niagara Ball Bearing Mangle . . , i i ,. i i

mcrease m the sale oi cold pro-

cess mangles, as they are thoroughly practical for all fabrics which

are without starch and without buttons.

Garland Mangle

Saving of fuel and immunity from heat, particularly during the

summer months, represent two important points for consideration.

Niagara and Princess Table Mangles do not require a table of

specific dimensions, as, owing to the clamp feature being on the

crank end only, they are easily affixed to any table or to a board.

There is a real joy in using a towel smoothed by this process, which

leaves the fabric in its highest efficiency for absorption and with the

out-of-door ozone still in evidence.

15

"Anchor Brand"

CLOTHES WRINGERSAND

COLD PROCESS MANGLES

TRADE A Is k MARK

LOVELL MANUFACTURING CO.Erie,

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