Cloning

Where Is It

Leading Us?

Pre-reading Look at the pictures and discuss which ones are natural clones and which ones are man-made.

Pictures 2 , 4A natural clone is one that occurs in nature.

Pictures 1, 3, 5A man-made clone is one that is produced through human intervention.( 干涉 )

Dolly the sheep Dolly is a man-made clone and her birth procedure is explained in the first reading. She is an exact copy of the sheep that provided her genetic information. Her lamb was produced as a natural birth.

A strawberry plant

This is a strawberry plant which produces runners( 长匐茎，纤匐枝 ) in a natural form of cloning. The new plants are exact copies of the original plant.

Growing new plants

People cut the stem off the plant and put it into a pot to produce a new plant.

Twins They are identical in sex and appearance and are good examples of natural clones. Twins carry the same genetic( 遗传的 ) information.

Identical dogs This is the first cloned dog in the world (August 3rd,2005) and was produced by a lab in South Korea. It is called Snuppy and is an Afghan hound ( 猎犬 ).

T or F questions:

1.Gardeners can make a lot of money by cloning plants.

2.Cloning animals is as complicated as cloning plants.

3.Dolly the sheep was the first successful clone of a mammal.

4.Natural clones happen in animals as well as in plants.

Main ideas:

1.What is cloning?/definition

2.Two major uses of cloning in plants and animals.

3.The birth and death of Dolly.

4.Controversy brought by Dolly .

1. Dolly the sheep____.

A. looked exactly like the sheep that provides the egg.

B. was the exact copy of the sheep that provides the nucleus.

C. looked like the sheep that gave birth to it.

2. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of cloning?

A. Cloning can be used for medical purpose.

B. Large quantities of food can be produced by cloning.

C. Cloning can help keep animals from becoming extinct.

D. Famous persons who have passed away can be cloned.

3. What happened to Dolly?

A. She didn’t live long.

B. Her illnesses were also appropriate to other non-cloned sheep at her age.

C. Her difficulty was believed to be the major difficulty for all cloned animals.

4. Which is TRUE according to the text?

A. Men will die out because a woman can give birth to a baby without a husband.

B. Not all people are in favor of cloning.

C. Dolly’s appearance raised a storm in every field except the religious field.

Discussion:1.why do you think there is more controversy over ani

mal cloning than over plant cloning?

2.Why do you think animal cloning is more difficult th

an plant cloning?

3.why do you think scientists persevere with animal cl

oning when it is so difficult?

4.what is the major problem for the animal clone?

People can use cloning to cure serious diseases Evil leaders hoped to clone themselvesMoral questions arose.

The procedure is difficult to undertake and not accurate enough

Cloning could provide medical aid.

The problems arise once a clone is produced

Discussion:

Should we allow cloning?

Point 1: Cloning may provide scientists with a better insight to genetic diseases, so people can have the chance of having children free from the risk of hereditary （遗传的） diseases.

Point 2: Even if someone decides to produce a clone using Hitler’s genes,the output may not be the Hitler we are all so familiar with.Brought up in a gentler environment,the Hitler clone may not turn out to be Hitler himself.

Point 3: Cloning is not natural. It may raise many ethical( 关于伦理的 )and moral issues.Would clones be as“human”as non-cloned humans? Or would they simply be walking genetic doubles?Would the clone be given as many rights as a non-cloned human?

1. The bell ______ the end of the period rang, _______ our heated discussion.

A. indicating; interrupting

B. indicated; interrupting

2.----My sons are not a little restless.

----Oh? Boys ____ be boys.

A. should B. can C. may D. will

经常，惯于，总是：表示经常性或习惯性的动作： People will talk.人们总是说三道四

1. take cuttings

2. growing plants

3. original egg

4. commercial quantities

5. was rewarded

6. egg cell

7. nucleus

8. somatic cell

剪下枝条

生长着的植物

原生卵子

大量的商用的

得到回报

卵细胞

细胞核

体细胞

9. donated cell

10. disturbing news

11. arbitrary fate

12. raised a storm of objections

13. became controversial

14. accumulate evidence

提供的细胞核

坏消息

无法控制的命运

引起强烈的反对

引起争议

收集证据

1 Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay.

克隆一直与我们同在，而如今它还要持续下去。2 It also happens in animals when twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg.

这种现象也发生在动物身上，从同一个原生卵产生与外貌相同的双胞胎也是克隆。3. The whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful clone, Dolly the sheep.

整个科学界都在关注着首例成功的克隆动物多莉羊的成长。4. Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dolly’s illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal.

研究克隆的科学家们沮丧地发现多莉得的病更容易发生在年老的动物身上。

5. Sadly the same arbitrary fate affected other species, such cloned mice.

可悲的是，同样无法控制的命运也在影响着其他物种， 如克隆鼠。6. Dolly’s appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.

多莉的出生引起了一阵强烈的反对，对媒体和公众的想象力也产生了巨大的影响。7. It suddenly opened everyone’s eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illnesses, and even producing human beings.

它突然打开了人们的眼界，看到了有可能利用克隆技术来治疗重病，甚至还有可能克隆出人类。

1.cast down 多用于被动语态或做表语实验的失败使他非常沮丧。任何人都会因这样的消息而感到悲伤。

He was much cast down by the failure of the experiment.

Anyone would be cast down by such news.

2. be appropriate to

用与你的题目相称的体裁写。普通鞋不适于下稻田 . (paddy fields)

Write in a style appropriate to your subject.

Ordinary shoes are not appropriate to paddy fields.

3 a storm of 常指感情猛烈爆发或强烈表现a storm of protest

a storm of applause /cheers

一阵强烈的抗议

一阵暴风雨般的掌声 / 欢呼声

4 forbid-forbade-forbidden ~+n/-ing ~sb to do

法律禁止销售香烟给年龄不满 16 岁的人。法律禁止在此处进行修建。大多数父母都禁止自己的孩子吸烟。The law forbids the sale of cigarettes to people under the age of 16.The law forbids building on this land.Most parents forbid their children to smoke.

5.raise bring about

他的缺席引起人们对他安全的担心。

用动物做科学实验引起了一些棘手的道德问题。His absence raised fears about his safety.

The use of animals in scientific tests raises some

difficult ethical questions.

6.have/make a great impact on

这本书对起读者产生了巨大的影响。This book made a great impact on its readers.