How the web is changing cartographyHow the web is changing cartography

Clint BrownClint BrownDirector of Product EngineeringDirector of Product Engineering

ESRIESRI

ICC has been about making the case for great mapsICC has been about making the case for great maps

•• ““Elegant display of geographic information is as Elegant display of geographic information is as important as the data itself.important as the data itself.””

---- GIS Cartography: A Guide to Effective Map DesignGIS Cartography: A Guide to Effective Map DesignGretchen Peterson Gretchen Peterson

Maps are the primary way that we communicate with GISMaps are the primary way that we communicate with GIS

Today many organizations are Today many organizations are alreadyalready creating great web creating great web mapsmaps

•• Focused on their own internal dataFocused on their own internal data

–– UK Ordnance Survey OS On DemandUK Ordnance Survey OS On Demand

•• Making great progressMaking great progress

•• More will be required to gain maximum leverageMore will be required to gain maximum leverage

Key pointsKey points

•• There is a new map media called a There is a new map media called a web mapweb map

•• This is one of many map patterns for the web, but is already This is one of many map patterns for the web, but is already widely used widely used

(e.g., by Google, Microsoft Bing, etc.)(e.g., by Google, Microsoft Bing, etc.)

•• This pattern involves the use of This pattern involves the use of multimulti--scale base mapsscale base maps plus plus operational operational

overlaysoverlays (mashups)(mashups)

•• Each is published as an open map service on the webEach is published as an open map service on the web

–– Published with multiple APIPublished with multiple API’’s: REST, SOAP, WMS, WCS, KMLs: REST, SOAP, WMS, WCS, KML

•• A Web Map combines these in a common application. A Web Map combines these in a common application.

•• Simple HTML APISimple HTML API’’s are used to assemble web applications that reference s are used to assemble web applications that reference

the the REST endpoints REST endpoints (URL(URL’’s). s).

•• Only a few Only a few dozen lines of code are needed to create great web mapsdozen lines of code are needed to create great web maps

Key PointsKey Points

•• The GIS community The GIS community builds and maintains builds and maintains important information important information

setssets

•• Maps Maps –– both 2D and 3D, both 2D and 3D, are the way that geographic information is are the way that geographic information is

brought to lifebrought to life

•• However, most GIS professionals are However, most GIS professionals are not cartographersnot cartographers. .

•• The mapping community can The mapping community can provide the designsprovide the designs and build map and build map

specifications for web delivery.specifications for web delivery.

•• The mapping community can The mapping community can shareshare its designs and mapsits designs and maps

There are many types of There are many types of ““base mapsbase maps””

•• Consumer maps provide imagery and streets. These are important Consumer maps provide imagery and streets. These are important

but do not provide the context for addressing all problems.but do not provide the context for addressing all problems.

•• Additional web maps are neededAdditional web maps are needed to provide the context or to provide the context or

framework for addressing a range of problems. framework for addressing a range of problems.

•• The GIS community can The GIS community can provideprovide these base maps. these base maps.

•• Very few web maps Very few web maps can be built by a single organization. can be built by a single organization.

•• A A collaborative effort is neededcollaborative effort is needed to bring our content together.to bring our content together.

There is a new kind of map There is a new kind of map –– a a ““Web MapWeb Map””

•• InteractiveInteractive

•• Targeted at end users and their workTargeted at end users and their work

•• Helps end users to accomplish real workHelps end users to accomplish real work

MultiMulti--scale, continuous basemapsscale, continuous basemapsA wellA well--known, expected user experience set by Google / Bingknown, expected user experience set by Google / Bing

•• MultiMulti--scale basemaps form the building blocksscale basemaps form the building blocks

This is a big idea This is a big idea

Pacific Northwest: Mount RainierPacific Northwest: Mount Rainier

Topographic Topographic BasemapBasemap

HyperlinkHyperlink

Topographic Basemap of Topographic Basemap of the Worldthe World

General Purpose City General Purpose City Map: Pasadena, CaliforniaMap: Pasadena, California

How to build a multiHow to build a multi--scale base map?scale base map?A series of related maps for each map scaleA series of related maps for each map scale

Basemaps plus operational overlays form the building Basemaps plus operational overlays form the building blocksblocks

Key concepts Key concepts 

••Each map layer is a web serviceEach map layer is a web service

••Operational overlays:Operational overlays:

•• Layers as Interactive ReportsLayers as Interactive Reports

•• Results of analytical operationsResults of analytical operations

•• Query ResultsQuery Results

•• Live sensor feedsLive sensor feeds

ExampleExample

•• Land Parcel Viewer for CitizensLand Parcel Viewer for Citizens

Each layer is a map service and referenced as a URLEach layer is a map service and referenced as a URL

ExampleExample

•• Water Utility DashboardWater Utility Dashboard

•• Two base maps:Two base maps:

–– Land BaseLand Base

–– ImageryImagery

•• Operational LayersOperational Layers

–– Water Utilities (Live Dynamic Map Service)Water Utilities (Live Dynamic Map Service)

–– Customer Calls (Live Geocoded Service)Customer Calls (Live Geocoded Service)

–– Work Orders (Live)Work Orders (Live)

ExampleExample

•• Earthquake DashboardEarthquake Dashboard

•• Street Map at ArcGIS OnlineStreet Map at ArcGIS Online

•• Operation LayersOperation Layers

–– Population DensityPopulation Density

–– Earthquake Locations from USGS (GeoRSS)Earthquake Locations from USGS (GeoRSS)

–– Access a Geoprocessing Service: 100Access a Geoprocessing Service: 100--mile buffer. Calculate total mile buffer. Calculate total

population contained within.population contained within.

•• Brought together in a simple web map applicationBrought together in a simple web map application

•• Each base map and operational overlay is a web serviceEach base map and operational overlay is a web service

•• Each is referenced by its URLEach is referenced by its URL

•• Web applications are easy to buildWeb applications are easy to build

–– JavaScriptJavaScript

–– Adobe FlexAdobe Flex

–– Microsoft SilverlightMicrosoft Silverlight

The pattern. The pattern. Web maps areWeb maps are

ExampleExample

•• California WildfiresCalifornia Wildfires

•• Calculate Elevation ProfileCalculate Elevation Profile

•• Base Map assembled as a Map SandwichBase Map assembled as a Map Sandwich

MultiMulti--layer base map layer base map –– A A ““map sandwichmap sandwich””

ReferenceReference

Thematic Layer (e.g., Geology, Thematic Layer (e.g., Geology, Soils, Parcels, Census, Hydro, . . .)Soils, Parcels, Census, Hydro, . . .)

TerrainTerrain

There are many kinds of basemapsThere are many kinds of basemaps

TopographicTopographic

General purpose General purpose city mapcity map

Utility / LandbaseUtility / Landbase

GeologyGeology

ParcelParcel

DemographicDemographic

SoilsSoils

3D Cities3D Cities

Example base map sandwichesExample base map sandwiches

•• Demographic MapsDemographic Maps

•• Geology MapsGeology Maps

•• Nature Conservancy MapsNature Conservancy Maps

Single fused base map such as a Single fused base map such as a topographic maptopographic map

ReferenceReference

Thematic Layer (e.g., Geology, Thematic Layer (e.g., Geology, Soils, Parcels, Census, Hydro, . . .)Soils, Parcels, Census, Hydro, . . .)

TerrainTerrain

The best base maps must be compiled across The best base maps must be compiled across collaborating organizationscollaborating organizations

•• Leverage content from many organizationsLeverage content from many organizations

–– By jurisdiction and by themeBy jurisdiction and by theme

•• Orchestrated and compiled into a unified wholeOrchestrated and compiled into a unified whole

The best frameworks will be unified and orchestratedThe best frameworks will be unified and orchestrated

We are entering a new EraWe are entering a new EraThe age of exploitationThe age of exploitation

•• Before GIS ( Before GIS ( …… -- ~<1975)~<1975)–– Surveying, mapping, cartography, planning, etc.Surveying, mapping, cartography, planning, etc.

•• The GIS Era (1985The GIS Era (1985-- …… ))–– Integrated systems for managing geographic informationIntegrated systems for managing geographic information

•• The new era (2005 The new era (2005 -- …… ))1.1.Geographic Information EverywhereGeographic Information Everywhere2.2.Professional GISProfessional GIS3.3.The bridge between the twoThe bridge between the two

The New EraThe New Era

The Bridge Between Enterprise and Pervasive Geographic InformatiThe Bridge Between Enterprise and Pervasive Geographic Informationon

•• The bridge is a key challengeThe bridge is a key challenge–– ““Unlocking the information in the GISUnlocking the information in the GIS””

–– GIS and Cartography will be positioned as GIS and Cartography will be positioned as ““on the wrong side of the chasmon the wrong side of the chasm””

•• Our strategyOur strategy–– Enabling our usersEnabling our users

•• ““You donYou don’’t have to give your content/identity to Googlet have to give your content/identity to Google””

–– A strong Online A strong Online platformplatform

•• CloudCloud--based infrastructurebased infrastructure

•• Support Support ““consumerconsumer””, web, and mobile access, web, and mobile access

•• Organize and facilitate contentOrganize and facilitate content

–– Support technical communitySupport technical communityIdeas that are influencingIdeas that are influencing

ArcGIS developmentArcGIS development

The Web means:The Web means:

•• Federated network architectureFederated network architecture

•• Simple and fast user experienceSimple and fast user experience

•• Content is keyContent is key–– RichRich

–– AuthoritativeAuthoritative

•• Web programming modelsWeb programming models

•• Participation in a larger Participation in a larger ““ecosystemecosystem””

•• Power to aggregatorsPower to aggregators

•• ““Cloud computingCloud computing”” paradigmparadigm

GIS professionals will continue to integrate the web into ArcGISGIS professionals will continue to integrate the web into ArcGIS

Our usersOur users

Web 2.0 Web 2.0 ---- Second generation web tools Second generation web tools

•• The web organizes access to rich digital informationThe web organizes access to rich digital information

•• Specialized content has the potential to help certain communitieSpecialized content has the potential to help certain communities s get their work done, solve problems, communicate, etc.get their work done, solve problems, communicate, etc.

•• The web enables users to integrate multiple information sourcesThe web enables users to integrate multiple information sources

Facilitates collaboration and sharing between usersFacilitates collaboration and sharing between users

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ArcGIS Server 9.3 Supports New Web ClientsArcGIS Server 9.3 Supports New Web ClientsRich Internet Applications. New at 9.3Rich Internet Applications. New at 9.3

. . . Fast, Flexible, & Agile. . . Fast, Flexible, & Agile

ArcGISArcGISServerServer

Web Map AppWeb Map App

Web 2.0Web 2.0RESTWeb ADF(.Net/Java)

FlexJavaScript Silverlight

The WebThe Web

GIS Practitioners play an important roleGIS Practitioners play an important roleBuild and share authoritative geographic informationBuild and share authoritative geographic information

•• Build and maintain critical sets of geographic informationBuild and maintain critical sets of geographic information

–– AuthoritativeAuthoritative

–– UpUp--toto--datedate

–– MissionMission--criticalcritical

•• Web maps help GIS users to leverage their information. Make itWeb maps help GIS users to leverage their information. Make it

–– UseableUseable

–– ConsumableConsumable

–– ActionableActionable

•• GIS roleGIS role

–– Unlock and deploy their geoUnlock and deploy their geo--information on the web using web mapsinformation on the web using web maps

Mapping agencies play an important roleMapping agencies play an important roleBase map information forms the building blocks for Web GISBase map information forms the building blocks for Web GIS

•• Build and maintain critical sets of geographic informationBuild and maintain critical sets of geographic information

–– AuthoritativeAuthoritative

–– UpUp--toto--datedate

–– MissionMission--criticalcritical

•• Provide important cartographic designs and skillsProvide important cartographic designs and skills

•• Mapping Agency OpportunityMapping Agency Opportunity

–– Publish your map information using this new Web Map paradigmPublish your map information using this new Web Map paradigm

Cartographers play an important roleCartographers play an important role

•• GIS users need good map designs to pour their data intoGIS users need good map designs to pour their data into

•• Cartographers are needed to build great map designsCartographers are needed to build great map designs

•• And to define the additional data collection / automation methodAnd to define the additional data collection / automation methods s (e.g., Toponymy / Map text)(e.g., Toponymy / Map text)

Emerging: Cloud GISEmerging: Cloud GIS

SummarySummary

The world needs authoritative informationThe world needs authoritative information

•• Critical information to enable user communities to address a Critical information to enable user communities to address a range of problemsrange of problems

•• Our usersOur users’’ data coming to life on the webdata coming to life on the web

•• Users want to share their data, but want to be acknowledgedUsers want to share their data, but want to be acknowledged

SummarySummary

•• You build authoritative content for your subject You build authoritative content for your subject and area of interestand area of interest

•• New Mission: Make it available and usefulNew Mission: Make it available and useful

•• Bring it to life on the webBring it to life on the web

•• Aggregate with othersAggregate with others’’ contentcontent

ESRI Technical PresentationESRI Technical Presentation9:45 to 10:30 9:45 to 10:30 Room SRoom S--55

•• Come to learn moreCome to learn more

•• Charlie Frye, Edie Punt, and David Watkins will demonstrateCharlie Frye, Edie Punt, and David Watkins will demonstrate