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CLIMATECHANGE
AND COFFEE IN MEXICO.
: : E T R U S C A C O M E R C I A L : :
Ing. Arturo Hernández Fujigaki© 2014 Etrusca Comercial S.A. de C.V.
Production4.2 mb
97% Arabica
Exports2.48 mb
78% Green22%
Roasted or Instant
Imports0.73%Mainly
Canephora
Internal Consumptio
n2.2 mb
1.46 Kg Per Capita
Production Exports Imports Internal Consumption
mb = Million of Coffee Bags (60kg)
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760,00CultivatedHectares
84% producers with less of 2
hectares
504,000Producers
51 years oldaverage age
Cultivated Hectares Producers
12Coffee Producer
States
Coffee In México
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Ch
StateCHIAPAS
Vr State
VERACRUZ
69%of consumed coffee in Mexico is soluble.
Ox
StateOAXACA
Pb State
PUEBLA
88%
THIS STATES CONCENTRATES
83
% TOTAL
PRODUCERS
84
% CULTIVATED
AREA
OF NATIONAL PRODUCTION
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.In 2005 the Intersecreterial Commission
of Climate Change (CICC) of Mexico was created.
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Variability in climate conditions is the main factor responsible for the annual oscillations in coffee
production.
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Another climate factor that reduces productivity is extreme temperature.
Temperatures below 4ºC turns the leaves yellow and produces tissues death; temperatures above 30ºC reduces photosynthesis, flower loss and yield reduction.
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The coffee plantations vulnerability due climate change point out that by the middle of
the XXI century, there’s a risk of loss production around 7 to 10% of arabica coffee,
mainly by rain decrease.
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Studies done by Gay and others in 2004 (Coffea arabica L.) in Veracruz state concluded that by 2050 there’s productivity reduction expected in between 22 -27% due to temperature increase and rain decrease.
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The Climate Change Program in Veracruz State (PVCC 2013) have some projections for the 2020, 2050 and 2080 decades and they forecast temperature increases of 4.6ºC and a rain decrease of 5.5%. This will affect plants cycles, productivity and disease.
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Studies by Scroth and others in 2009 forecast a
strong reduction of habitat for coffee
production (Coffea arabica.) in Sierra Madre of Chiapas for this year.
GAVILÁN #565-K, IZTAPALAPA, D.F.01 800 830 6844 / 55 555 5555
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