Click on picture to play song by David Rovics.

CHAPTER 12

SEC. 2THE FACTORY LIFE DEVELOPS

(1800-1850)

Sec. 2 Factories in the North Emerge

What will we learn?

How did the War of 1812 help American manufacturers?

How did the early Industrial Revolution change people’s lives?

How was Lowell a model community? What were working conditions like in early

factories? What were the advantages and

disadvantages of the city life in the early 1800’s?

War of 1812

BEFORE the war, US colonists imported most manufactured goods from Britain…

AFTER the war, the US was eager to build and manufacture their own goods. As Britain blocked trade with the US,

Americans produced more goods themselves.

Let’s start building!!!

Before the Industrial Revolution many people were: self-employed set their own hours worked in their own homes their pay was determined by the number of

items they produced

What if this was still the case? How does that sound?

Pre-Industrial Revolution

Early Industrial Revolution

Inventions, such as the Spinning Jenny and Cotton Gin, brought production from the home into the factory (factory system), and revolutionized, or changed, the economy of the United States, as well as home and family life.

See Picture:The spinning jenny allows workers to spin multiple threads at once, not just one.

The Lowell Experiment

1822, The Lowell Experiment Francis Cabot Lowell

“Why not combine spinning and weaving under one roof?”

As you could imagine, the machines were powered by what natural resource?

Next slide…

The Lowell Experiment

What advantages could be gained by building a factory close to a river?

Why is water such an important factor?

The Lowell Experiment

1822, The Lowell Experiment Francis Cabot Lowell

“Why not combine spinning and weaving under one roof?”

As you could imagine, the machines were powered by natural river water.

Boston Associates A model community Built an entire factory town on the Merrimack River.

1840’s, The “Lowell Mill Girls” Women…ladies…girls…now become the

breadwinners!!!

At Work in the Mills

Child Labor Long hours

Married women were expected to turn their pay over to their husbands, who could spend it as they wished. Daughters gave their money to their fathers and brothers. What about their education? Is this fair?

At Work in the Mills

Children were working long hours and starting as early as the age of three. They worked in coal mines, spinning houses, the food industry, almost anywhere, and for little or no money. Kids were robbed of their childhood.

Lewis W. Hine does an amazing job of proving that to us with the use of both testimonial text and photographs. Hines exposes the past which helps us

understand the present.

Photography of Lewis W. Hines You will now examine six photographs

from the early industrialization period, that offer a representation of life in urban America during the mid-1800’s.

As you examine each photograph, try to imagine if this were the time period that you lived in!

“A picture is worth a thousand words.”

Growing Cities - positives

Growth of factories leads to the growth of cities Attractions

Circuses, racetracks, plays, and museums Fine clothing stores, china shops, and shoe stores

Virginia City, NV

In the late 1800s there were over 30,000 people in the city, and there were 6-story buildings.

Growing Cities - negatives

Problems in the cities Today’s potholes were their mudholes! No sewers Streets were filthy Disease

yellow fever cholera

What have we learned?

How did the War of 1812 help American manufacturers?

How did the early Industrial Revolution change people’s lives?

How was Lowell a model community? What were working conditions like in early

factories? What were the advantages and

disadvantages of the city life in the early 1800’s?

Extra: Eli Whitney

Cotton gin didn’t go so well

Interchangeable parts Since all the parts

would be the same, a broken part could be replaced by another, identical part.

What a great idea! Saved time and

money

The Industrial Revolution

The Spinning Mill then…

In the 1930’s Today

Then vs. Now

Today’s computer explosion has been referred to as a high-tech revolution. Are there any similarities and differences between the Industrial and high-tech revolutions?

VS.

Which had a greater impact on everyday life?