Classification of Matter

Chemistry•Chemistry-

▫The study of matter and the changes it undergoes

•Matter▫Anything that has

mass and volume

C lass ifica tion o f M a tte r

E lem ents C om pounds

Pure Substances

H om ogeneous(SO LU TIO N S)

C o llo ids S uspens ions

H eterogeneous

Mixtures

Matter

Pure Substances•Cannot be separated by physical means

•Every sample has the same characteristics and they can be used to identify a substance

Elements•Are made up of ONE type of atom

▫Atoms are the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element

•They can be found on the Periodic Table

•Examples: Carbon, Nitrogen, Calcium

Compounds•Can be broken down into simple stable

substances•Are made up of two or more types of

atoms that are chemically bonded

•Examples: Water (H2O), sugar (C12H22O11)

Mixtures•A blend of two or

more kinds of matter, each which retains its own identity and properties

Homogeneous Mixtures •Have uniform

composition•Also known as

SOLUTIONS

•Examples: salt water, tea

Solutions•ALLOYS are solid solutions that contain at

least 1 metal•They are blended together so that they

have more desirable properties•Some alloys you may know are:

Stainless Steel: iron, chromium, and zinc Brass: zinc and copper Bronze: tin and copper Sterling Silver: copper and silver

Heterogeneous Mixtures•Do not have uniform composition•You can see the particles in them

•Examples: ▫Sand on the beach (contains sand, shells,

rocks, bugs, etc)▫Soil (contains dirt, rocks, worms, etc)▫Chicken Soup (contains water, chicken,

veggies etc)

Suspensions•A heterogeneous mixture where the solid

particles eventually settle out of solution

•Examples:▫Muddy water▫Mixtures of two solids▫Paint

Colloids•Are sometimes mistaken for solutions•Particles do not settle out of solution•To the naked eye, they appear

homogeneous, but upon closer inspection the particles can be seen

•Light will bounce off the particles floating in the solution and cause light to scatter, this is called the Tyndall Effect

Tyndall Effect

Colloids