Class Name, Instructor Name

Class Name,Instructor Name

Date, Semester

Criminology 2011

Chapter 6BIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS

© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved


6.1

6.2

6.3

6.4

Be familiar with the various biological explanations of crime and deviance, including phrenology, atavism,

biological inferiority, body shapes, heredity and genetics, neurochemical mechanisms, diet and nutrition, and pregnancy/birth complications.

Be able to critique the biological explanations that are discussed in the text, including the current stance of

biological research in reference to race and criminality.

Be familiar with the various psychological explanations of crime and deviance, including

psychoanalytic explanations, and the relationships between crime and moral development, intelligence,

and personality.

Be able to critique the psychological explanations that are discussed in the text.

CHAPTER OBJECTIVES


6.0

Do you think there is a biological component to criminal behavior?



Be familiar with the various biological explanations of crime and deviance, including phrenology, atavism, biological inferiority, body shapes, heredity and genetics, neurochemical mechanisms, diet and nutrition, and pregnancy/birth complications.

Learning ObjectivesAfter this lecture, you should be able to complete the following Learning Outcomes

6.1


6.1

Phrenology


6.1

Cesare Lombroso: Atavism


6.1

Biological Inferiority

Biological Inferiority


6.1

Ectomorph Mesomorph Endomorph



IncreasedAggressio

n

Increased Testostero

ne

6.1


6.1

Behavioral Genetics

Criminal Behavior


6.1

Chemical Imbalances



Be able to critique the biological explanations that are discussed in the text, including the current stance of biological research in reference to race and criminality.


6.2


6.2Evaluations

Crime is too Diverse

Methodological Problems

Cannot Account for Group Rate Differences

Social Policy Implications

Justification for Appalling

Acts



Be familiar with the various psychological explanations of crime and deviance, including psychoanalytic explanations, and the relationships between crime and moral development, intelligence, and personality.


6.3



SuperegoBased on the

Ethical Principle

EgoBased on the

Reality Principle

IDBased on the

Pleasure Principle

6.3



Stage 1 (Obedience and Punishment Driven)

Stage 2 (Self-Interest Driven)

Stage 3 (Interpersonal Accord and Conformity Driven)

Stage 5 (Social Contract Driven)

Stage 4 (Authority and Social Order Obedience Driven)

Stage 6 (Universal Ethical Principles Driven)

Level 1 Preconventional

Level 2 Conventional

Level 3 Post-Conventional

6.3



Poor School Performanc

e

Lower Self-

EsteemLower

Ability for Moral

Reasoning

Less Ability to

Appreciate Consequence

6.3



6.3Personality





6.4


6.4Evaluations

Fill in Smaller Picture of

Crime

Often Use Small Samples

—Results Should Be

Interpreted Cautiously

Generally Disregard Structural

Factors

Causal Order Is Often Unclear

Rarely Study White-Collar

Offenders



6.1

6.2

6.3

6.4

be familiar with the various biological explanations of crime and deviance, including phrenology, atavism,

biological inferiority, body shapes, heredity and genetics, neurochemical mechanisms, diet and nutrition, and pregnancy/birth complications.

Be able to critique the biological explanations that are discussed in the text, including the current stance of

biological research in reference to race and criminality.

Be familiar with the various psychological explanations of crime and deviance, including

psychoanalytic explanations, and the relationships between crime and moral development, intelligence,

personality, and early puberty.


CHAPTER SUMMARY

Documents

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