CITY OF MUSEUMSMuseum Cluster as a Manifesto of the toURBANistic Paradigm Shift

Mila Nikolić

TOURbanISM-toURBANISM6th Conference of the International Forum on UrbanismBarcelona, 25-28 January 2012

Director: Jordi Oliveras SamitierTutor: Manel Guàrdia Bassols

Hypothesis

Museum

museographic (programmatic) aspectarchitectural aspect

(to)urbanistic aspect

Hypothetic-deductive method: Logical proof

Museum

ContentArchitecturePlace

Museum cluster

Cultural density (touristic offer)

Place

Empirical-analytical

method : Physical / urban proof

Museum

Place

Location

Museum cluster

Multi-place

LocationUrban formRelations and dynamicsPublic space

Locus genii

1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010CITY AS WORK OF ART Culture in urban development

PRIMEROS MUSEOS PUBLICOS CULTURAL ZONATION FLAGSHIP FACILITIES CREATIVE CITYOPENING OF FIRST PRIVATE COLLECTIONS THE FIRST MUSEUM BOOM CULTURE OF THE COMMUNITIES

AMSTERDAMMUSEMPLEIN pasnjak Amsterdam's second Golden Age klinker put? 96-99 Sven Ingvar AnderssonRijksmuseum 19 Novem1800 as t1807.pre In 1817 the collection was placed on display in1876 dec1885. RM na MP 1906-1901913-1916 South Wing the two courtyards filled with exh. Roo1999 vec 2003-2002007-2009 rekonstConzertgebouw 1881.odlu1883-1888. Conzertgebouw 85-88 res1992 exte1995 interiour fac eliftStedelijk Museum 1895 Stedelijk: A.W. Weissman, gradski arh. 45-54 modernizacija: auditorijum, kafe, medjuspratovi, 12004-2008 stedejlik rekonstrVan Gogh Museum 63-64 pro1969-1973 van Go98-99 dvorisno krilo (Martien van Goo

99 Exhibition Wing by Kisho KuMuseum Overholland / Villa Troostwijk 1986 1990Diamant Museum 07.11.2006.Spiegelkwartier 1900. prv1910. 7 radnjiPieter Cornelisz Hooftstraat

BLAUVE IJScheepvaartsmuseu zgrada iz 1656. 1958 otvaranje 1973. otvaranje 2007-2010NEMO 1997. otv2000. prozvan NEMOARCAM 2003, René van ZuukStedelijk CS / Club 11 2004Muziekgebouwb aan 't Ij/ BIMhuis 2005, Nielsen, Nielsen & NieOpenbare Bibliothek Amsterdam 2007, Jo CoenenConservatorium van Amsterdam 2005-2008?New passenger terminal 2000Chocoladefabriek museum 1880 fab 1887 kraljevski spomenik 2009PanamaLloyd Hotel

BERLIN MUSEUMSINSEL 1999 UNESCO 4.000.000Lustgarten 1826-29 redizajnStadtschloss 1701 pruska kraljevska palata 1871 nemacka carska palata 1918 muzej u vajmarskoj rep1945 2xb1950 sru 64. zgrad73-76 Palast der R1990 zatv2003 uklo2006-07 rusenjeBerliner Dom protestan 1894 1905 75 zapoc84. resta 93. ponovo otvorenaAltes Museum 1830, Schinkel 1945 1966Neues Museum 1859, Stueler 1943,45 1985 2009 zavrsetakAlte Nationalgalerie 1876, Stueler 1949Bode Museum 1904 1951 2000-2006Pergamon Museum 1930 1980-82 nueva ent2000- cuarta ala, UngersJames Simon Gallery 2007?KULTURFORUMNeue Nationalgalerie 1965-1968, Mies van der RoheGemäldegalerie 1998, Heinz Hilmer&Christoph SattlerKupferstichkabinett 1987-92, Rolf GutbrodKunstgewerbemuseum 1868 1978, Rolf GutbrodMusikinstrumenten-Museum 1888 1979/1984, Edgar WisniewskiPhilharmonie 1960-1963, Hans ScharounKammermusiksaal Hans Scharoun, Edgar WisniewskiStaatsbibliothek zu Berlin 1967-1976, Hans Scharoun

CIKAGO MUSEUM CAMPUSField Museum 1920, D.H. Burnham and Company; Graham, Burnham and Company; Graham, Anderson, PAdler Planetarium 1930, Ernest A. Grunsfeld, Junior� Shedd Aquarium 1931, Graham, Anderson, Probst & WhiteSoldier Field 1939, Holabird & RocheCharter One Pavilion 2010

DALLAS ARTS DISTRICTBackdoor Comedy ClubBooker T. Washington High School for the Performing and Visual Arts 2008The Trammell & Margaret Crow Collection of Asian Art 1998Dallas Center for the Performing Arts (Under construction) 2009 Winspear Opera House 2009 Dee and Charles Wyly Theatre ? City Performance Hall ? Annette Strauss Artist Square - outdoor performance space Elaine D. and Charles A. Sammons Park - 10-acre urban park unifying the venues 2009Dallas Museum of Art 1903 Dal1909 Free Public Art Gallery of Dallas (Fair Park) 1984Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center 1989, I.M.PeiNasher Sculpture Center: Museum + Sculpture Garden 2003, Renzo Piano

FRANKFURTMUSEUMSUFERMuseum für Angewandte Kunst (früher Museum für Kunsthandwerk)/Villa Metzler 1985. Richard MeierMuseum der Weltkulturen (früher Völkerkundemuseum) 1973 prv 1980-tih tri vileDeutsches Filmmuseum 1971 osn 1984Deutsche Architekturmuseum 1984 2001 renoviran i reotvorenMuseum für Kommunikation (früher Bundespostmuseum) 1990Städelsches Kunstinstitut (Städel) 1816. osnovan 1878 schaumanskai rekonstrukcija do 1966, Joh1990. an 1997/99 manja rekonstr.Liebieghaus (Museum alter Plastik) 1896 podignut 1907Museum Giersch 1910 podignuta vila 2000Historisches Museum 50-tih sediste na s 70/tih novo zdanjeJüdisches Museum 1988filiale Judengasse 1987Ikonenmuseum 1988 don 1990 1999 erweiterung

LONDON BRITISH MUSEUM 1753. osnovan, odlukom ParlamentaMontagu House 1754. ku 1759, Montagu House, BloomsburryTownley Gallery 1804-08 1842-46Smirke's Building 1823. projekat 1852, Sir Robert Smirke

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1. Location: The place in time

city center

nexus

between the center and

new growth areas

in the outskirts

out of town

no system

dispersion

system

cluster network, circuits

Place Structurer

2. Urban form: The place in space

URBAN FORM URBAN NETWORK

> Carrier

of contemporary

condition and cohesion, order

and structure

Agua

3. Urban relations and dynamics

Proximity Mixture Interaction Apropriation

power education shopping politics

sport tourism business attractions

regeneration leisure new newroutes

publics

4. Public space

Public sphere: institution > public space (Castells)

Urban aspect of the museum

> MEDIATOR: intermodal / internodal> CONEXIONS> NEW MEANINGS AND ROLES

Micro-urbanismInteriorization of urbanity

Meso-urbanismExteriorization of the museum

AgrupationRelations and processes

Macro-urbanismCohesionIdentityForm and structure

Broadening of the theory

MuseumArchitectural

manifesto

Museum clusterUrban manifesto

Spectacle of architecture

Spectacle of urbanism

Spirit of changes and conexions:between Lutetia Parisorum and the network-city

Meso-urbanism: Museum cluster

ReorientationCluster of museumsMuseum-cluster

acropolis > placeinside

outside: relations with the city

mono multi: diversity uses/users

> intensification

+ maximization> interiorization + exteriorization

Museum

>>

content > publicmuseum < > cityadquisition > use

Micro-urbanism: Museum-cluster

Complexityprogramaticvolumetricurbanistic

Museum as a city

Interiorization of the cityurban

functions

urban spacesdrifts and dynamicsstructure and logic

Reorganization: City as a model

clarity

+ election

Macro-urbanism: City of museums

Polycentric system: Barcelona

XL projects: Paris

XL projects: Valencia

•

Cohesion–

Order

–

Structure–

Identity

•

Change: City as landscape / Museum landscape

Accesibility of culture as urban planning

The 21st Century City connective and transformative tissue