Citizenship

What does it mean to be a citizen?The 14th amendment and citizenship

a) The Dred Scott Decisionb) Citizenship defined

How can citizenship be obtained?

Birth

a)Jus Soli –”law of soil”

b)Jus Sanguinis – “law of blood”

How to gain citizenship part II

Naturalizationa) collective: I) amendment II) act of congress III) by treatyb) Individual process I) requirements II) procedure

How citizenship can be taken away!

Only the federal government can strip a person of citizenship – states may take away some rights!

Three ways a person can lose their citizenship

a) Expatriation

b) Denaturalization

c) Serious crimes

DeportationWhat is deportation?

Who can deported?

What is the role of congress and the bureau of immigration and

custom servicesCongress – Makes all laws involving immigration and naturalization

Bureau of Immigration and Custom Enforcement (ICE) – enforces- Under Homeland Security dept. an umbrella agency – merger of Immigration and Naturalization Service and U.S. Customs Service– border patrol

Immigrants and Aliens

What’s the difference?

The five categories of aliens.

a) Resident aliens

b) Non-resident aliens

c) Enemy aliens

d) Refugees

e) Undocumented/illegal

Rights and Responsibilities of Aliens in the United States

• Rights = most of our civil rights. Exceptions/restrictions!

• Responsibilities = paying taxes, obeying laws, ….

Immigration Policies in United States History

• Early = restrictions and discrimination - Old v. New immigrants.

a) Alien and Sedition Actb) American Party – “Know

Nothings”c) 1882 = immigration act &

Chinese exclusion act

Immigration Policies continued

d) 1907 Expatriation Act – repealed in 1922 with Cable Act

e) 1923 LCC - United States v. Bhagat Singh Thind

f) Immigration Act 1924 – Quota established at 2% of population from 1890

g) Oriental Exclusion Act 1924

Still More Immigration Policies

h) 1943 Chinese Exclusion Act Repealedi)1965 – Immigration Act 1965 – ends

quota system – limits 270,000 in USAj) Refugee Act 1980k) Immigration Reform & Control Act

1986 – illegal immigrantsl) Immigration Act of 1990 – 675,000 is

the magic number!

Duties And Responsibilities

• Duties: a) obey laws b) pay taxes c) testify in court d) go to school e) serve on jury f) sign up for selective

serviceG) Respect the rights

of others

• Responsibilitiesa) Voteb) Run for public

officec) Serve communityd) Voice opinione) To Understand

the working of our government