Cisco Mobility Application

8/18/2019 Cisco Mobility Application

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cisco-mobility-application 1/81



© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Presentation_ID 2

Agenda

Introduction to IP Mobility

Mobile IP Technology

Cisco Mobile IP Applications

Summary and References




“Mobility” in the Context

The First Impression?




“Mobility” in the Context

Nomadic

Portability

Roaming

Common RelatedBuzz WordsIn the Context…

Where? Location

What? Type

How? Movement

The First Impression?




Mobility in the IP Networking World

Applications

Services

Internet

EnablesContinuous

Application and

Service Accessover IP Networks

Regardless ofLocation, Type of

Devices, andMovement

IP Networks




Layer 2 Mobility

Movement within aLayer 3 boundary

IP address doesnot change

Application continuityis maintained

An example is Inter-Access Point Protocol(IAPP) defined in IEEE

Radio

DeviceLayer 3

DeviceLayer 2

Device




Radio

Device

Layer 2

Device

Layer 3 Mobility

Movement acrossLayer 3 boundaries

“IP address”is changed

Application continuityis maintained even

if it is across a Layer3 boundary

Examples are

LWAPP in WLAN

GTP in GPRS

Mobile IP in 1xRTT

LWAPP: Lightweight Access Point Protocol

GTP: GPRS Tunneling Protocol

1xRTT: One Time Radio Transmission Technology

Layer 3

Device




Multi-Access Mobility

Movement acrossdifferent types of

access networks

“IP address” is changed

Application continuityis maintained even a

Layer 3 boundary andan access networkare across

Examples are

Mobile IP defined inIETF standard

Vendor proprietaryprotocols

Layer 3

Device

Ethernet

Cellular Wireless

Data Access

(i.e. UMTS, EVDO)

802.11




IP Mobility in Our Context

L3 Mobility + Multi-Access Mobility

Design to Fit?




Mobile Wireless Service FrameworkMobile Wireless Service

Functional Layers

Mobile Device

Wireless

IP Networks

Application,Service, Content

CDMA, GSM,

W-CDMA, OFDM

802.11a/b/g

4.9GSatellite

Bluetooth

ZigBee

(IP Mobility)




Why Has IP Mobility Been Used

in the Framework?

Extend coverage

Enhance usability andeffectiveness

Enable new servicesand applications

Wider is perceived better, but…

Cost for perfection

Bandwidth vs. coverage

Use IP Mobility to leveragemulti-access and multi-IPnetworks to create one virtual

large network

Muni-WiFiHotspot 3G

Extending Coverage

Can Be Simple

IP Mobility





in the Framework?

Extend coverage



Always-on and uninterruptednetwork and application

operations

Hidden network complexityfrom users

Better user and customer

satisfaction

vlanN vlanN+1

Ethernet WLAN

FileTransfer

Cellular Wireless Data

Networks

Home

WLAN

Public

Hotspot




Oil Company


in the Framework?

Extend coverage



Seamless Internet roaming

Secure mobile VPN access

Remote mobile office

Push software updates

Dispatch call and data

Fleet management

Video surveillance

Internet access for passenger Utility Workers

KnowledgeWorkers

Public Safety

Transportation




Mobile IP An IP Mobility

Technology




Mobile IP Concept: The Problems

R2

R3

R1

R4

R6

5.5.5.0/24

5.5.5.1

3.3.3.1

IPCP

5.5.5.1

Assume the IPAddress IsUnchanged

IPCP a New Local

IP Address

Problem 1:

Network Continuesto Route Traffic to R1Which Is Dropped

Problem 2:

TCP/IP Points to 5.5.5.1

TCPIP 5.5.5.1

App

When Going

Unwired…

5.5.5.0/24 R1




R5

5.5.5.1

Mobile IP Concept: The Basics

Introduce the concept of“mobile node gateway”

which keeps track of

where a mobile node isGateway

5.5.5.1/24 R3

5.5.5.1 R2

R1

5.5.5.0/24

5.5.5.1

To Reach 5.5.5.1, Go to R1

To Reach 5.5.5.1, Go to R1

5.5.5.1

R3

R4

R6

R2

A fixed IP address is used by themobile node to communicate

with any correspondent node




R5

R3

R4

R6

R2

Mobile IP Concept: Protocol

Operation Requirements

How does the gateway—Home Agent—get the

new location of themobile device?

Gateway

5.5.5.1/24 R3

5.5.5.0/24 R1

5.5.5.0/24 R1

5.5.5.0/24 R1

5.5.5.1/24 R2

How do the systemsknow a movementhas occurred and what the new pointof attachment is?

R1




Mobile IP Protocol Components

Movement

Detectionand

Location

Discovery

Location Info

Propagation

Data Path

Update

Conceptual Level

Location

DatabaseUpdate and

Tunnel

Creation

Agent

Discovery

Registration

Process

Software Components

Control Signaling Data Plane

Hardware Components

(Optional)

Foreign Agent

Home Agent(the Gateway)

Mobile Node (MN)(Device with Mobile IPClient Software)




Mobile IPProtocol Details




Movement Detection and

Location Discovery

RegistrationProcess

Location DatabaseUpdate and

TunnelEstablishment

Topology DataPropagation

TopologyEstablishment

Move Detectionand

Location Discovery

AgentDiscovery

Control Signaling




Movement Detection and Location

Discovery Overview

Performed by the mobile node with assistance from networks

Foreign Agent sends out a signal message including thelocation information

Mobile node evaluates the message to detect its movementand discover its location

Mobile node can send a signal message to seek a foreign agent

FASignal Message (Location)

Mobile Node

a) Discover theLocation

b) Determine If

It Moves

Known as Agent Advertisement

Signal Message (FA Exist?)

Known as Agent Solicitation

MN




Agent Advertisements Message Format

What?

An ICMP packet withMobility Agent extension

Who?

Used by home agent

and foreign agent

Determined by Flags

When?

Periodically sent

Or response asolicitation from MN

Mobility Agent

Extensions

ICMP

Header

IP

Header

Type (16) Lifetime FlagsCare of

Address…. ….

Type (19) PrefixLength

….

DA224.0.0.1

255.255.255.255

Type 9 Lifetime…. Router

Address




“How” Does Movement Detection Work?

Lifetime Expiration(in ICMP Header)

If not receiving anotheradvertisement from theannounced window, MNthinks it has moved

Prefix Length Extension

If this FA is on a differentsubnet, we must have moved

Not Equal

Movement Detected

Example:

Mobility Agent

Extensions

ICMP

Header

IP

Header

Type (16) Lifetime FlagsCare of

Address…. ….

Type (19) PrefixLength

….

DA224.0.0.1

255.255.255.255

Type 9 Lifetime…. Router

Address

2.2.3.0242.2.3.1New

2.2.2.0242.2.2.1Existing

SubnetPrefixRouter

Addr

Agent




“How” Does Location Discover Work?

Care-of-Address (CoA)

Any address on a FA (the first hop router or known as anaccess router)

CoA

AgentAdvertisement

FA HA

CoAMN

NHDest

MN




“How” Does Location Discover Work?


Any address on a FA (the first hop router or known as anaccess router)

What if there is no FA?

Collocated Care-of-Address (CCoA)

Commonly the IP address acquired via DHCP or IPCPby a mobile node

Agent

Solicitation

Router HA

CCoAMN

NHDest

MN

DHCP

No response. I’ll use theDHCP address as CoA




What Is Significant?

Agent Discovery can influence roaming time

Fast detection =fast roaming





What Is Significant? (Cont.)

Adjust Agent Advertisement timer?

Fast vs. chatty

Proactive approach

Trigger Agent Solicitation when an interface is up

When there is no agent at all, DHCP/IPCP operationsbecome an important roaming time factor




Topology Information Propagation


TunnelEstablishment


Move Detectionand

Location Discovery

AgentDiscovery

Control Signaling

RegistrationProcess





Registration Process Overview

Reporting MN’s location to HA

Occurring periodically or after the movementis detected

Involving MN, FA, and HA

Used for deregistration purposes—reporting MNleaving the Mobile IP networks

Accomplished through Registration Request Message(RRQ) and Registration Reply Message (RRP)

FA HA

MN Registration

RRQ

RRP




Registration Request Message

Who is the mobile node?

Where is a mobile node’s location? Where to send the registration message?

How long is the registration valid?

How to ensure the MN is an authorized user?

Answers the Following Questions




RRQ Message FormatIP

Header

UDP Header

(Dest. 434)Registration Message

Foreign-Home

Authentication

Mobile-Foreign

AuthenticationHome Address

Lifetime

Identification

Care-of-Address

Home Agent

Address

Type

Flags (SBDMGV)

Mobile-HomeAuthentication

Extension

Optional

Extensions

Required Fields

Option Fields

ie:

NAI

Extension




Home Address and Home Network

Home NetworkNetworks attached to aHome Agent

Can be a physical orlogical interface

Logical is usually easierto use

Cisco IOS® Softwarelogical networks arecalled “virtual networks”

Home Address An IP address on the homenetwork allocated to aMobile Node

Used for all communication

192.168.1.0/24

Home Address of MN:192.168.1.20

Home Agent192.168.1.20

Home Network

MNMNFA




Home Address (HoA) vs.


Home Agent

MNCN

FA

I am talking toa host with the

IP addressequal to homeaddress (HoA)

I am forwardinga mobile node’shome address

(HoA) to itscurrent Care-of-Address (CoA) Care-of-Address

(CoA)

Home Address(HoA)




Another Method to Identify a

Mobile Node

Network AccessIdentifier (NAI)

Save IP addresses

a user name appendedas an extension inregistration message

Formation is either“user” or “user@realm”

A home address still

needs to be allocatedto a mobile nodewhen requested

[email protected]

Home

Agent

RRQ:NAI

([email protected])

RRP:Home

Address

(HoA)

MN

[email protected]

Home AddressNAI




Home

Agent

RRQ

RRQ

MN

How Long Is the RRQ Valid?

Lifetime:

Maximum amount of time

a mobile node will bekept active

RRQ is periodically sent

Can be used to validate thepath to a home agent

Fast vs. performance




Secure Authentication Review

Security Association (SA)

Is a set of security parameters used to sign a message

Hash algorithms

Key size

Replay protection

Security Parameter Index (SPI)Is a numeric identifier for the SA

Allows multiple SAs to be configured between two devicesto support multiple sessions

Key Management

Manual key distribution

Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)




Mobile IP Registration Authentication Mobile IP authentication

can occur between anytwo Mobile IP components

The mandatory one isbetween the mobile nodeand home agent—knownas MHAE

Foreign-Home

Authentication

Mobile-Foreign

Authentication

Mobile-Home

AuthenticationExtension

IPHeader

UDP Header(Dest. 434)

Registration Message

Required Fields

Option Fields

Manual DistributionKeyManagement

Timestamp and NonceReplayProtection

128-bitKey

HMAC-MD5; Keyed-MD5 Algorithm

SA and Key ManagementUsed by Mobile IP




Registration Authentication

MHAE, Example

Selects SAUsing SPI 100

Secret Registration Message

HMAC-MD5

MessageDigest

Completed RRQ

Home

Agent

Same Approach as MN toConstruct the Message Digest

Compare Message Digests

Equal and Timestamp <Accepted Interval

Timestamp

Authenticated

Selects SAUsing MNHome Addressand SPI 100

All Prior ExtensionsType, Length, SPI Fields

MN

TimestampReplayProtection

SecretKey

HMAC-MD5 Algorithm

SPI 100

TimestampReplayProtection

SecretKey

HMAC-MD5 Algorithm

MN 10.1.1.1/SPI 100

Authentication Is Built-in,

in the Mobile IP Protocol,but Data Encryption Is Not




Registration Reply (RRP) Generated by HA to ACK the

acceptance or rejection of theregistration (RRQ)

Packet format is similar toRRQ with an additional“code” field

The code filed is particular

useful to indicate whaterrors may be

Reply codes range: 0 to 2550–8: Success

64–127: Error from the

Foreign Agent128–192: Error from theHome Agent

192–255: Unallocated

129—Administratively ProhibitedDenied by an access list

130—Insufficient ResourcesCould not assign a Home Address

131—Mobile Node Failed Authentication

Mismatched keys or SPI

133—Registration IdentificationMismatch

Clocks out of sync; shouldretry automatically




Registration Messages Review

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 40

What is used torepresent the

current location?

How to identify an MN?

What is the destinationof the registrationmessages?

How long is theregistration valid?

How can the network

ensure that the MN isan authorized user?

How to response thesuccess of registrationmessage?

CoA or CCoA

Home address or “NAI”

Home Agent address

RFP Message

Security Association

Lifetime




Topology Establishment

Move Detectionand

Location Discovery

AgentDiscovery

Control Signaling

RegistrationProcess



TunnelEstablishment





Topology Establishment

Location database update

Contains CoA (the current point of attachment) of a MN

Similar to a routing protocol’s topology table

The tables are known as “binding table” on a home agent and“visitor table” on a foreign agent in Cisco IOS Software

Tunnel creationA logical interface to forward traffic to and from a mobile node

Can be an IPinIP, GRE, or UDP tunnel or referring to as aMobile IP tunnel in the Mobile IP context

FA HA

MN Mobile IP Tunnel




Reverse Tunneling

Reverse Tunneling—Traffic is sent from the MN to theHA via the tunnel, then delivered via routing

Ingress filtering and uRPF will drop packets that havetopologically incorrect source address

MobileNode

HomeAgent

ForeignAgent

CorrespondentHost

COA




Topology Establishment Example

HA

Eth0CoATunnelMN HoA

NHDest

Eth0

WLANFAFA*

NHDest

FAWLAN

WLANMN

NHDest

T1

MN HoA

Src

Tunnel

NH

T1HA

HA FA MN

Home Address

(HoA)

Data Data Data

Data Data Data

Src (HA)Dest (CoA)

Src (CoA)

Dest (HA)

MN

HA Address CoA

Mobile IP Tunnel




Mobile IP Protocol Summary

Move Detectionand

Location Discovery

AgentDiscovery

Control Signaling

RegistrationProcess


Location DatabaseUpdate andTunnel

Establishment





Cisco Mobile IPImplementations

and Key Features




Cisco Mobile IP Technology IETF RFC 3344 and 3GPP2 compliant

General availability since January 1999 Cisco platforms and software for Home Agent and

Foreign Agent functions are

3rd party standard compliant Mobile IP clients can beused with the Cisco Home Agent and Foreign Agent

IETF RFC 3344and 3GPP2

SX ImageCisco 7200, MWAM

IETF RFC 3344T Train with IP VoiceFeature Set or Above

Cisco 1800, 2800, 3800,7200, 7300, 7400

IETF RFC 3344T Train with IP Plus

Feature Set or AboveCisco 1700,

2600XM, 3700

Standard ComplianceSoftwareHardware




AAA DHCP

Adding Mobile IP Adding mobile IP is as

simple as adding an HA

or enabling the HA onan existing router

… and installing client

software Mobile IP can run in

co-located Care-of-Address mode

MN




Home Agent Configurations

radius-server host 10.82.70.12 key

itsasecretRADIUS Server

ip mobile home-agent

ip mobile host nai @example address pool

dhcp-proxy-client

dhcp-server 10.82.70.10 interface

FastEthernet0/0 aaa load-sa!

Enable HA andIdentify Clients

Allowed to Roam

router mobile

!

Enable Mobile

IP Process

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255. 0

!Home Network

aaa new-model

aaa authorization ipmobile default group

radius

!

AAA




Turning on the FA The FA needs be enabled

on edge routers if used

FA is only minimaloverhead

Reverse tunneling may

not be needed insidean enterprise network

AAA DHCP

MN

FA




FA Configuration

ip mobile foreign-agent care-of Loopback0/0Enable theForeign Agent

router mobile

!Enable MobileIP Process

interface FastEthernet0/1

ip address 192.168.101.1 255.255.255.0

ip irdp

ip mobile foreign-service

ip mobile prefix-length!

Foreign Interface

interface Loopback0

ip address 192.168.250.1 255.255.255.255

!

COA Interface




Cisco Mobile IPKey Features YouHave Most Likely

Encountered



RFC 3519




NAPT Traversal Detection Outbound registration sets

up the NAT translation

Home Agent detects thatsource of registration isnot the same as CoA

If RRQ contains UDPtunneling extension, theHA enables UDP tunneling

MN can force UDPtunneling for firewalltraversal

SRC: 10.2.2.20COA: 10.1.1.10

SRC: 4.3.2.10COA: 10.1.1.10

Translation10.1.1.10:55234.3.2.10:7178NATNAT

PrivateNetwork

Internet

RR Q




Cisco Stateful Home Agent Redundancy Uses Cisco HSRP to detect the

failure within seconds

The redundant Home Agent is in

the “standby” mode

The redundant Home Agentcontains real-time mobile user’sservice context

The redundant Home Agent isparticipating in the network routingand can forward traffic if needed

Service Context

Recovery

Enterprises

Failure

Detection

System

Initialization

Part

Replacement

Network

Converge

Resume

Service

Active HomeAgent

RedundantHome Agent

H S RP

Derived from Enterprise Costs: Infonetics Research, September 2000






Mobile IPv6 Protocol RFC 3775

Similar to the Mobile IPv4 concept

A home agent keeps track of the mobile node’s location

Including location discovery, movement detection, registration,and topology establishment

Different from the Mobile IPv4

No Foreign Agent

Traffic can be sent directly between two communicating nodes

A driver for IPv6

Location Discovery:




A Host Builds a Link-

Local Address, then Its

Global IPv6 Address(es)

from the RA

RA (Subnet Prefix)

yIPv6 Host Address Auto-Configuration

Stateless (RFC 2462)

Host autonomously configures

its own Link-Local address

Router Solicitation (RS)are sent by booting nodesto request Router

Advertisement (RA)

Stateful (DHCPv6)(RFC 3315)

The acquired address is theCoA—represents the pointof attachment

SUBNET PREFIX +MAC ADDRESS

SUBNET PREFIX +

MAC ADDRESSSubnet Prefix +MAC Address

SUBNET PREFIX +

MAC ADDRESS

SUBNET PREFIX +MAC ADDRESSSubnet Prefix +

MAC Address

Stateless




Movement Detection

Informs Home Agent of a new pointof attachment

How?

Slightly complicated, but conceptually…

When a new prefix has appeared and thecurrent default router has disappeared

Fast detection is possible

msec vs. sec for Router Advertisement interval

Can also be done using link layer—up/down

RA:Old Prefix

RA:New Prefix

OldRouter

NewRouter

Stateless Host AddressAuto Configuration

Dynamic Home Agent Address




Discovery (DHAAD)

A mechanism to find an active home agent in the home link

MN still needs to configure the home link address

But not the specific home agent address—Anycast address

Useful if an existing home agent router needs to be replaced

Mobile nodes away from home can automatically use thenew home agent

Provides a failover protection

A non-stateful approach

RFC 3775

HA1 HA2

Anycast Address

Home Link




Mobility Header

NextHeader

Hdr ExtLength

Message Data

MH TypeReserved

Checksum

IPv6 Protocol Extensions for Mobile IPv6

Previous

Header

Next Header

Home Address

Next

Header

Hdr Ext

Length

Option

Type

OptionLength

Destination Header Next Header = 60

Example

Alternate Care-of-Address Option

Defined for Mobile IPv6registration and bindingcreation

Various types and

option extensions

RFC 3775 for details

IPv6 basicHeader

= 135

Binding Refresh

Request0

Binding Acknowledge

6

Binding Update5

MessageMHValue

R i i




Registration

Two important messages youshould know

Binding Update (BU) and Binding Acknowledge (BA)

Encapsulation vs. optionextensions

Care-of-AddressTypically derived from the sourceIP address of the header

Optionally stored in the“alternative care of address” field

Home address

Stored in Destination Optionheader of IPv6

Mobile IPv4 Comparison

RRQ and RRP

UDP (434) encapsulation

RFC 3775

Care of address

A field inside of RRQ

Home address

A field inside of RRQ

T 2 R ti H d




Type 2 Routing Header

A new routing header variant

Allows a packet to be routed directly from a CN to an MN CoA

CoA is inserted in the IPv6 Destination Address field (from CN)

MN swaps the Home Address in the routing header with the

destination address in the IP header (normal IPv6 process)

Next Header Hdr Ext Length

Home Address

Routing Type = 2 Segments Left = 1

IPv6 Basic Header Next Header = 43

Routing Header

Routing Header

Reserved

Put All Together:M bil IP 6 R i t ti




(New Home

Agent

Information

Option)

RA

Mobile IPv6 RegistrationMobile

Node

Access

Router

Home

Agent 1

Home

Agent 2

Correspondent

Node

RS

RA

DHAAD Request

Acquired IP Address

on the Visit Network

(Used as Care-of-Addr)

DHAAD Reply

Use the First

HA AddressBinding Update (BU)

Binding Ack (BA)

Create

Binding

CacheCreate HA Cache

Use HA

Anycast Address

Redistribute

Mobile Networks

(Home Agent List)

Core

Bi-Directional Tunnel

Data Packets Data PacketsIPinIP

M bil IP 6 P d t A il bilit




Mobile IPv6 Product Availability

Cisco Mobile IPv6 Home Agent available inCisco IOS Software Release 12.3(14)T

RFC 3755 compliance

Does not support IPsec yet

Mobile IPv6 client

Microsoft Tech preview for Windows XP and 2000




Cisco MobileIP ApplicationsMobile Networks

Host Mobility vs Group Mobility




Host Mobility vs. Group Mobility

Host Mobility Group Mobility

I can go anywhereI want! Free ride! Savesus lots of energy!

Network Mobility




Network Mobility

Capability to enable IPmobility for a groupof hosts

Also known as “MobileNetworks” in Cisco

The network or subnet

where the group of hostsconnected to is referringto as “mobile network”

The router where themobile network isconnected to is referringto as “mobile router”

MobileNetwork

Mobile Router

Mobile Networks Solution Concept

ANIMATION




Mobile Networks Solution Concept

Based on the sameconcept as theMobile IP

Home Agent as thegateway to routetraffic destined toa mobile network

Foreign agentis optional

Useful for fastroaming, performance,and managementimprovement

Mobile Router (MR)is similar to a mobilenode but with a networkconnecting to it

Home Agent

(HA)

Mobile Network HA

MobileNetwork

Mobile Network HA

MobileNetwork

R1 (FA)

Mobile Router

More Details




More Details…

Basic Mobile IP Concept

For traffic destined

to a mobile router,it is routed as usual

Home Agent(HA)

FACoA

MRHome Address Router 1

Int FE0

Int. FE0Router 1CoA

TunnelBlue

CoAMR Home Address

Out Int.Next HopDestination

More Details (Cont )




MR Home AddressMobile Network

Int. FE0Router 1CoA

Tunnel BlueCoAMR Home Address

Out Int.Next HopDestination

More Details… (Cont.)

If I know how to reach amobile router, then I cansimply forward the mobile

network associated withthe mobile router to thatmobile router

Home Agent(HA)

FACoA

Router 1

Int FE0

MRHome Address

Tunnel Green

MobileNetwork

Connection Management on CiscoMobile Router




Mobile Router

Multiple links are likelyequipped by a mobile router

Select the “best” link to

establish a Mobile IP tunnel

3G: UMTS,EVDO

ProprietaryWireless Link

802.11bWiFi

Mobile

Router

11Mbps

~500kbps

9.6kbps

Selection Algorithm

Priority can be configured on

mobile router interfaces(default 100)

MR prefers to register withhigher priority interface

If priority is equal, the interface

with the higher bandwidthis preferred

If priority and bandwidth areequal, then the interface

with the higher IP addressis preferred

Cisco Mobile Networks

Cisco Network Mobility forIPv4 Is Available Since2001




Cisco Mobile Networks

Cisco home agent and foreign agent

The same home agent routers and the foreign agent routers

running Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2T or later for themobile nodes can be used for the mobile networks

Cisco mobile routers

Available in the Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2T or later Support Cisco Home Agent Redundancy and NAT

traversal features

Cisco Mobile Networks for IPv6Implementation is based on IETF RFC3963—NEMO

Test image is available

Cisco Mobile Access Router 3200




Cisco Mobile Access Router 3200

A specialrugged router

Equipped with 802.11 wireless cards

Connecting toan external

wireless modemthrough aserial interface

In-Vehicle Configuration WAN WirelessNetworks

SMIC

FESMIC

WMIC

MARC

WMIC

P C I

B u s

802.11

Cellular/OtherWireless

SatCom

In-Vehicle Wireless/Wired LAN(s)

Modem/Radio



Summary




Summary

IP Mobility is a keyfunctionality for mobile

wireless networking

Mobile IP, a IP Mobilityprotocol, enables seamlessmulti-access roaming

Move Detectionand

Location Discovery

Agent Discovery

Control Signaling

RegistrationProcess



TunnelEstablishment


CDMA, GSM,

W-CDMA, OFDM

802.11a/b/g

4.9GSatellite

Bluetooth

ZigBee

Summary (Cont.)




y ( )

Components to construct aMobile IP network

Cisco Mobile Networks enablesmobility for an entire subnet

MobileNetwork

Mobile Router

Home Agent(HA)

ForeignAgent (FA)

(Optional)

Mobile Node(MN)

Reference Materials




Cisco Mobile IP on CCO

Collateral: http://www.cisco.com/go/mobile_ip

Feature Navigator: http://www.cisco.com/go/fn

Mobile IP Client

Birdstep: http://www.birdstep.com

IPunplugged: http://www.ipunplugged.com

IETF Standards

http://www.mip4.org

http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/mip4-charter.html

Recommended Reading




g

Mobile IP Technology and Applications,ISBN: 1-58705-132-X

802.11 Wireless LAN Fundamentals[1-58705-077-3]

Wireless Networks First-Step[1-58720-111-9] available August 2004

Deploying License-Free WirelessWide-Area Networks [1-58705-069-2]

802.11 Wireless Network Site Surveyingand Installation [1-58705-164-8]

available September 2004

Available On-Site at the Cisco Company Store




Q and A




Documents

Cisco Mobility Application