Cisco 3G small cells: products and

Cisco 3G small cells: products and architecture

Djordje Vulovic Consulting Systems Engineer CCIE #16582

Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public

Small Cell Market Drivers

3

Attractive

Economics of

Offload

Growth in

Mobile Data Lack of

Spectrum

Anytime

Anywhere

Access to

Data

Increase in

Indoor

Consumption


Solving the Mobile Broadband Challenge

4

2x SPECTRUM

1.5x SPECTRAL

EFFICIENCY

6x DENSIFY

17x DEMAND OVER 5 YEARS

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

EB

yte

s /

Mo

nth

Data/Web (35%->28%) File sharing (11%->5%)

Video (52%->63%) M2M (3%->4%)

EVOLVED TECHNOLOGY

GPRS

HSPA

LTE

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

1 2 3 4

SE

bp

s/H

z

G

0

10

20

30

40

Today - 80MHz 2015 - 160MHz+

700 M

Hz

900 M

Hz

900 M

Hz

1800M

Hz

1800M

Hz

2100 M

Hz

2100 M

Hz

2.4

GH

z (

WiF

i)

2.3

/2.6

GH

z

MH

z

MORE SPECTRUM

64QAM/

MIMO

16QAM

QPSK

64QAM/

MIMO

16QAM

QPSK

64QAM/

MIMO

16QAM

QPSK

64QAM/

MIMO

16QAM

QPSK

1 km

SMALLER CELLS

Cisco VNI, Global Mobile Traffic Forecast


Gaining Capacity: “Outside-In” vs “Inside-Out”

5

Classic “Outside-In”

Deployment

…indoor users are cell

edge users

…only 30-35% traffic

served outdoors

…cell sites are now scarce

and costly

“Inside-Out” deployment

…65-70% usage indoors

…users well served

…costs low

…backhaul/site cheap


Small Cells: Evolving Terminology to Match Demand

6

Location >

Indoor Outdoor

Home Enterprise Office, campus,

hotel

Rural

Primary

driver >

Coverage

extension

and end user

experience

Voice

coverage

Voice

coverage

Old name >

Primary

driver >

Coverage

extension

and end user

experience

Coverage

(voice and

data)

Data capacity Data capacity Voice

coverage

New name >

Urban City centres

Coverage and capacity

Femtocell Picocell Microcell

Femtocell Metro SC Indoor

Metro SC

Outdoor

Rural

Small Cell

Before the mobile data revolution

After the mobile data revolution

Enterprise

Small Cell

SMALL CELL TECHNOLOGY MACROCELL TECHNOLOGY


Where are Metro Indoor Hotspots

7

Restaurant

Shopping Mall Supermarket

Café/Shop

Station


Cisco Small Cells Solutions

8

3G

Comprehensive, Intelligent 3G/LTE/Wi-Fi Small Cells

• Built on industry standards; 3GPP architectures

• Innovative features and capabilities solving coverage & capacity challenges

• Proven optimization & monetization models with robust Policy & Subscriber services

• End-to-end, validated, carrier-grade network solutions (radio, access, backhaul, core, policy/charging)

Minimize deployment OPEX with zero/low touch provisioning

Best of breed SON solution ensuring Macro radio co-existence


Cisco Small Cells: Built on Unrivaled Expertise

9

• Most widely deployed small cells in the world

• Over 18 million Wi-Fi APs deployed, 55%+

share

• 200+ Service Providers using Cisco SP Wi-Fi

• Over 2 million Licensed Small Cells deployed


Standards Bodies Involved in Small Cells

Mobile SP organisation defining interoperability and deployment guidelines

– Published guidelines on Femto security and broadband network reqs

www.smallcellforum.org

www.gsmworld.com

www.3gpp.org

www.ngmn.org

www.broadband-forum.org

10

Market representative organization pushing femto as the de facto solution for in home coverage for all technologies (WCDMA, CDMA, WiMAX)

3G/LTE standardization Body

– Defining standards femtocell architecture and interface for 3G and LTE

– R8 contains initial set of standards published. Follow-on functionalities being specified in R9/10/11.

DSL standardization body

– Objective is to reuse TR-069 framework for zero-touch provisioning of Femtocell Access Point. Femto specific data model (WT-196) published in April 2009

Mobile SP organization looking at beyond 3G services and architecture

– Fully supporting FemtoForum work on Femtocell for LT

http://www.femtoforum.org/

http://www.gsmworld.com/

http://www.3gpp.org/

http://www.ngmn.org/

http://www.broadband-forum.org/




3G HNB Reference Architecture

RAN-based achitecture – i.e. connecting to existing 3G core network

Multiple access control modes – Closed, Open, Hybrid

Mobility – Full idle mode mobility support (cell

(re)selection) – Active mode mobility defined over three

releases

Security (38.200) – IPSec tunnel mode with IKEv2 for

negotiation – X.509 based authentication (SIM based is

optional and is complementary to certificate based authentication)

Provisioning – TR-069 based interface

Management (3G TS 32.581, 582, 583, 584) – Standard configuration and performance

management interface(XML based)

Refer to TS 25.467 (R10)

11

HNB GWSecurity

Gateway

HNB

HMS

Iu

HNB

Iurh

Iuh

Iuh

Uu

Uu

L-GW

L-GW

Gn/S5

Gn/S5

Gi

Gi


3G Femtocell Functional Split

Most 3G RNC functions are moved to the HNB

HNBGW supports

– HNB Aggregation (optionally includes SeGW)

– Connectionless distribution (Paging, Hand-in filtering)

– Iuh termination

12

HNB

HNBGW

MAC MAC-hs

W-CDMA air interface

RRC Connection Oriented

RLC

GTP

CS data PS data Mgmt

Iu control-plane (RANAP)

Iuh over IP

Mgmt

Iu user-plane (CS and PS)

Connectionless handler

Whitelist Handling

TR-069

Stats File

RTP

Iuh Termination


Iub vs Iuh Comparison

13


Cisco Small Cell Solution

14


Small Cell Solution (SCS) Reference Solution Architecture – 5 Key Domains

15

RMS

RAN

AP

Registration, Activation, Care: XML/HTTP

CAR

CNR

DCC

UI

Upload

Server

CMHS

BAC

Radio HW

Radio Stack

RMS Client (TR069, CMHS)

SP NMS

SP OSS

DMZ

ACE 4710

Mgmt

over

TLS

TR-069

HTTP

XMPP

AAA / RADIUS

Whitelists

Alarms

& KPIs

DHCP

SP Firewall or

7600 SeGW

HNB-GW

SGSN, GGSN

ASR5000 NTP

Provided by

Operator

PMG

SP MSC IuCS

SP SGSN or

GGSN

IuPS

Iuh, CS, PS

Iuh,

CS, PS

Over

IPSec

Alarms

& KPIs Alarms

& KPIs

Alarms

& KPIs

NMS Prime Mobility

Prime

Central

Prime

Performance

Prime

Network

Bootstrap

PKI

Cloudbase

Access

Point DMZ

Remote

Management

System Small

Cells

Gateway

ASR5K

Network and Element Management

RAN Optimization/SON


Small Cell Solution Architecture

16

WiFi Breakout

RAN GW

Small

Cell

Provisioning / Care,

XML /

HTTP, Bulk Import /

Export, AGPS

WiFi

3G

LTE

Network

CM, FM, PM, FW

TR069 / HTTPS

HNB AAA

Whitelists

HNB-GW

HeNB-GW

SaMOG

ASR5000

NTP

S1, Iuh

S1 & Iuh

IPSec

Prime

Central

Prime

Performance

Prime

Network

SeGW

ASR9k

VSM

S1 / S2a /

STa

DHCP for IPSec

TR-069

AGPS HTTPS

IEEE

1588

Clock

WiFi CAPWAP

DTLS

CAPWAP

Over

DTLS PMIPv6

WLC

(WiFi) Prime

Infrastructure

IuCS / IuPS 3G CN

Small Cell PM Counters

PM

Manager

Platform and SC Alarms NMS

FM

OSS /

IT PKI Bootstrap

HTTP/S

LTE

EPC

Hosted

CloudBase

NMS Prime

Mobility Suite

NMS

KPI

Platform KPIs

Internet

Platform

PM / FM,

SC FM

Platform

PM / FM

Platform

PM / FM

Platform

PM / FM

RMS


SON Capabilities of 3G ActiveRadio

17

Self-Configuring Zero-Touch Activation

Automatic Carrier & PSC Selection: choices defined by network policies but selected autonomously by small cell

Automatic Neighbour List Generation: neighbour list (both 2G & 3G) generated through initial radio environment scan

Self-Optimising Cognitive RRM Strategies

Continuous Fast Sniff: frequent single frame scan of radio environment to detect changes for responsive adaptation

Enhanced Power Adaptation: efficient utilisation of available DL power & adaptation of maximum allowed UL power to provide coverage dominance in locality of small cell whilst simultaneously ensuring served users do not interfere with surrounding 3G macro network

Self-Healing Advanced System Monitoring

Cell Faults/Outage Detection & Recovery: system watchdogs monitor cell status & responses from all internal processes. Factory recovery or soft restart mechanisms invoked post fault/outage detection

Cell Outage Compensation: quasi co-operative power setting amongst neighbouring small cells through detecting known small cells in outage (& presence of new small cells)


Zero-Touch Activation

18

Download control & configuration parameters: From management system

Initial NWL: Scan neighbours & read SIB messages

2 (Auto) Configuration: Select carrier, code & initial power.

Populate neighbour list.

Report final configuration to management system.

3

Enable Radio: AP is ready to handle calls

4 Power Adaptation: Using UE Measurement Reports

5 6

1

Continuous Fast Sniff: Periodic interference level checks


Key Highlights of ActiveSON®

19

Group Management

Self-Organising Network

Peer Monitoring

Seamless Mobility

High Capacity Solution

WiFi-Like Install

Small cells assigned to Group ID

Characterisation at first power-up

Small cells sense each through Network Listen & P2P on LAN

Balance power levels & coverage (with overlap)

Build small cell & macro cell neighbour lists

Network Listen & P2P heartbeats

Adjust neighbour & handover lists when units offline

Multicast of changes

Seamless handovers small cell-small cell, hand-out (& hand-in)

No-signalling idle mobility

Bridge units self-detection for “small cell foyer”

Load balancing for small cell network capacity boost

11-12 Erlang for a 16-call grid unit

Coffee cup radio planning

Wall mounted units, PoE, VLAN over Ethernet

Enable Enterprise IT personnel deployment!


Cisco SON Differentiation

20

• Multi-vendor, multi-technology,

multi-layer Het-Net

orchestration

• Automated closed-loop

optimization

• AP SON orchestration

• Small cell/macro

integration, including

shared carrier

Quantum

SON

Quantum

SON Quantum

SON

Small Cell

SON

Cisco

Hybrid

SON

• Dynamic real-time

optimization and self-

healing

• Measurement-based

adaptiveness

• ActiveSON for peering

among small cell groups

• Scalable, simple

installation experience –

just like Wi-Fi

• Instant AP deployment with auto planning, initialization & optimization

• Enhanced mobility, reduced interference and effective macro offload

• Smart SON agent in AP orchestrated by Quantum SON

• Optimal Het-Net Quality of Experience


Small Cell Solution Roadmap Key Themes

21

So

luti

on

K

ey T

he

me

s

Solution Releases

Integrated and Tested E2E Cisco Certified Small Cell Solution

So

luti

on

R

ele

ase

3G Baseline

Solution with

Mobility and

Scale

Baseline WiFi

Convergence

SCS 2.0 FCS: Now

Enhanced 3G

Mobility

Baseline SON

Solution

SCS 3.0 EFT: Mar 2014

FCS: June 2014

LTE Baseline

Solution with

Mobility

Enhanced SON

SCS 4.0 EFT: Q3 2014

FCS: Q4 2014

Enhanced LTE

Mobility

VoLTE

SCS 5.0 EFT: Q1 2015

FCS: Q1 2015

Shipping

Committed

Planning


Cisco USC Product Segmentation

23

SP Wi-Fi RMS, CloudBase (RAN Management) & Prime (EMS)

Quantum SON Suite (Het-Net Manager)

Indoors

USC 3000*

Home / SoHo

USC 5000

Enterprise

USC 7000

Public Space,

Venue

USC 9000

Rural Outdoor

Power 7-13 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 24-33 dBm

Users 4-8 Users 16 Users 16-32 Users 16-64 Users

Access 3G Closed

LTE Open

3G Closed /

Open

LTE Open /

Closed

3G Open

LTE Open

3G Open

LTE Open

Deployment Single Unit 1-10+ Units 1-3 Units per site 1-5 Units per

Macro sector


Cisco Universal Small Cell

4-8 User 3G Closed / Open Mode

<20mW Transmit Power

Mains power

R99 WCDMA Voice Calls

HSDPA+ 21Mbps* / HSUPA 5.76Mbps (Peak Rates)*

Simple to install. Ethernet and plug top PSU with zero touch configuration.

Committed for 3GPP Band I. Band 2/5 planned for future

USC3310 - 3G/HSPA+ Standalone Indoor Access Point for Residential

24

Available Now!

Product Offer – 3G Standalone

Capability 3G/HSPA

RF Band I or II/V

RF Power 3G 20mW at Ant. Port

Antenna 3G: 1x1 SISO

RF BW 5 MHz

3G Throughput 14.4/5.7 Mbps HSPA+ (peak rate)

3G Feature Set 4-8 Active users; 32 idle ;3GPP

R99 & R7 HSPA ; Iuh / TR-069,

TR-196

Mobility 3G Active CS/PS and Idle Mode

Reselection

SON / HetNet 3G : Network Listen

Power Supply DC 12V using adapter brick 100-

240V AC (50-60 Hz)

Size / Weight 183 x 225 x 44.5mm

<500g (complete unit)

Deployment Free standing Residential/SoHo



16 User 3G Open Mode Module

<100mW Transmit Power (same as ETSI 802.11)

Compatible with 3600i/3600e Wi-Fi

Power provided by the Aironet through PoE+ (IEEE 802.3at) or external PSU.


HSDPA+ 21Mbps / HSUPA 5.76Mbps (Peak Rates)*

Available in 3GPP I (Rest of World) and Band II/V (USA/LATAM)

USC5310 - 3G/HSPA+ Plug-in Module for Aironet AP3600/AP3700

25

3G HSPA+ - 21Mbps/5.7Mbps

<100mW/20dBm EiRP

16 Active Users

Product Offer – 3G + Wi-Fi

Capability 3G/HSPA + 802.11n

RF Band II/V or I

802.11n 2.4/5GHz

RF Power 100mW at Ant. Port

Antenna 1x1 SISO

802.11n 4x4 3SS / Beamforming

RF BW 5 MHz

Base

Platform

USC Software Platform

3G

Throughput

21/5.7 Mbps HSDPA+ (peak rate)*

3G Feature

Set

16 Active users; 200 idle ;3GPP

R99 & R8 HSDPA+ ; Iuh / TR-069,

TR-196v1, Open Mode

Mobility 3G Active CS/PS and Idle Mode

Reselection

SON /

HetNet

3G : Network Listen

802.11 : Clean Air

Power

Supply

Provided by the Aironet Product

Size /

Weight

1.5L ; 1.4kg (complete unit)

Deployment Desk/Wall/Ceiling

Available Now!



Partner to USC 5310 Module

Module supports (auto-selects)

– 1x1 SISO with 6W PSU (AP3600/AP3700)

– 2x2 MIMO with 10W PSU (USC5030)

LTE FDD

Up to 20 MHz iBW

– 16 Active Users

– 128 RRC Connected Users

100mW Output Power

Available in 3GPP I/III/VII (Rest of World) and Band IV (USA/LATAM)

USC541x – LTE Plug-in Module for Aironet AP3600/AP3700

26

Target FCS –

December 2014



Module holder only

– 1x GbE RJ45 ports

Provides 2x10W via Cisco module connector

Module Configurations

– 1x3G

– 1xLTE (When available)

– 2x3G (Planning)

– 2xLTE (When available)

– 1x3G + 1xLTE (When available)

Power PoE+ and/or 48V DC

Compatible with USC 5310 and USC 541x

USC5030 - Dual Module Holder

27

Target FCS – May 2014



Standalone Venue product

16 User 3G

250mW Transmit Power



External PSU or PoE+ support

Available in 3GPP Band II/V (USA/LATAM) or I (Rest of World)

USC7330 – 3G/HSPA+ Standalone Indoor Access Point

28

Product Offer – 3G

Capability 3G/HSPA

RF 3GPP II/V or I

RF Power 250 mW

Antenna SISO

RF BW 5 MHz

Base Platform USC Software Platform

Data

Throughput

21 Mbps DL*; 5.7 Mbps UL

3G Feature

Set

16 Active users; 200 idle ;3GPP

R99 & R7 HSDPA+ ; Iuh / TR-

069, TR-196v1, Open Mode

Mobility Active and idle mode mobility

SON / HetNet Auto-configuration, 3GNetwork

Listen, Cisco SON support

Power Supply 15W

Size / Weight <2L ; <2kg

Deployment Indoors (wall or ceiling mount) /

Cisco Standard Accessories


<250mW/24dBm EiRP

16 Active Users

Available Now!



Rural Outdoor product

16 User 3G

Tx Power 1W

Range up to 2km

Power Interface: PoE+ or DC (48V)

IP67

-30 to +45 ºC Ambient, +55 ºC with Solar Loading (1200W/m2)


Available in 3GPP Band II/V (USA/LATAM) or I (Rest of World)

USC9330 - 3G/HSPA+ Standalone Outdoor Access Point

29


32dBm EiRP

16 Active Users

Product Offer – 3G

Capability 3G/HSPA

RF 3GPP II/V or I

RF Tx Power 1W (30 dBm)

Antenna Gain 2 dB

EIRP 32 dBm

RF BW 5 MHz

Data

Throughput

21 Mbps DL*; 5.7 Mbps UL

Mobility Active and idle mode mobility

SON / HetNet Auto-configuration, 3GNetwork

Listen, Cisco SON support

Power Supply <20W

Weight 3.2kg

Deployment Rural Outdoor

Target FCS – May 2014


ASR5K HNBGW/HeNBGW/SeGW

Integrated SeGW

– Up to 1M IPSec IKEv2 Tunnels

– HNB Authentication (X.509 & EAP-SIM/AKA)

– NAT Traversal

HNBGW Key Features

– Iuh Standard compliance (3GPP R9)

– IuCS/IuPS/IuFlex over IP or ATM

– Full mobility with F2F through core (pre-Iurh)

– Open/Closed Access mode

– Cell Broadcast Services (Iu-BC interface)

– Intelligent Paging

– Session Recovery, Congestion Control

– Comprehensive Bulkstats

Successful IOT and Commercial Deployments

30

3G Core HNB

HNBGW

HeNB

HeNBGW

EPC


Small Cell RMS SW Architecture

31

HNB

SP DMZ

Firewall

Upload

Server

SP Order Management

SP CSR UI

ACE 4710

ASR5000

Serving Node Components Central Node Components

IPSec

TLS

XML

over

HTTP

CPNR

CPAR

DCC UI

BAC

RDU

RADIUS

AAA

DHCP

Config, FW,

Live Data, Diag:

TR-069 & HTTP

(no TLS)

CMHS

Performance and log

file upload via HTTP

(no TLS)

NTP

Status monitoring heartbeat and CR

XMPP / TLS

RAN / DMZ HW

RMS SW Components

SP RAN Databases

SP OSS / BSS

RMS Client

Radio Stack

PMG

BAC DPE

PKI-

Bootstrap

Cloudbase


RMS Solution Components

32

Name Full Name Description

BAC Broadband Access

Center

A versatile TR-069 management system that provides all essential Femto management

functions including configuration, firmware, data retrieval, troubleshooting. Consists of

DPE (SB services) and RDU (central functions).

PMG

Provisioning &

Management

Gateway

Provides NB API to OSS/BSS/IT. XML/HTTP requests and notifications. Femto

activation workflow with the BAC. Enables automatic assignment of GWs, SAI, Cell ID,

location-specific parameters and whitelist management.

DCC Device Command

& Control

UI and CLI tools for Femto-specific provisioning functions. Provides Installer / Technician

UI, CSR interfaces and Administration Tools for ops personnel.

CMHS

Cisco

Management

Heartbeat Server

A highly scalable XMPP-based service which is designed for active status monitoring of

Femtocells. This service provides real-time monitoring and management functions not

covered by TR-069 protocols. Currently supported only for IPA devices

US Upload Server A high-scale service for receiving uploads from the Femtocells, including periodic

performance data, logs & traces.

CPAR Cisco Prime

Access Registrar

Cisco AAA product. Provides AP authorization on HNB-GW and delivers AP whitelists to

HNB-GW via RADIUS.

CPNR Cisco Prime

Network Registrar

Cisco DHCP product. Used to allocate IPSec addresses for SeGW via DHCP. The

lease database can then be queried to discover the current AP IP address.


Enabling the evolution from 3G to

LTE and driving the convergence

with Wi-Fi

Leveraging multivendor SON and

network intelligence into the radio

access network (RAN)

Building on Cisco’s experience with

Enterprise IT deploying millions of

small cells

Providing SPs with a

comprehensive solution that

extends an intelligence layer across

the mobile network

Mobile Packet Core

Small Cell

Gateway

SON

3G LTE Small Cells

Cisco Service Provider Mobility Software Enabled End-to-end Network Intelligence

Documents

Cisco 3G small cells: products and