CIEF/CIRIA Flood resilience and resistance seminar 5 ... · PDF fileLANDFoRM – Flood resilience and resistance 05/02/08 Will McBain - Arup 3 Flood risk management hierarchy Planning

LANDFoRM – Flood resilience and resistance

05/02/08

Will McBain - Arup 1

PPS25 – overall development and flood risk strategy

CIEF/CIRIA Flood resilience and resistance seminar

5 February 2008

Will McBain

• Background and objectives of PPS25

• The PPS25 Toolbox• Flood Zones (Table D1) • The flood risk vulnerability classification(Table D2)• The Sequential and Exception Tests

• A framework for assessing flood risk• RFRA,SFRA and FRA

• The Practice Guide

• Key pitfalls and ‘watch its!’

Presentation structure


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Riding for a fall….

ie about 10% - there are only 21 million properties in England and Wales altogether…

High level Target 5

Of the 136, 10 of these were ‘major developments’


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Flood risk management hierarchy

Planning bodies, developers, the Environment Agency, other flood and coastal defenceoperating authorities and sewerage undertakers.

Implement measures, such as flood forecasting, warning and emergency response procedures to mitigate residual risks.

Mitigation

Environment Agency and other flood and coastal defence operating authorities, developers and sewerage undertakers.

Implement flood risk management measures to reduce flood frequency to existing developments. Design new developments so that they are flood resistant or flood resilient*.

Control

Planning bodies and developers.

In areas where there is a higher likelihood of flooding, substitute less vulnerabledevelopment types for those incompatible with periodic flooding.

Substitution

Planning bodies. Allocate development types vulnerable to the impacts of flooding to areas where flooding is least likely to occur.

Avoidance/Prevention

Key responsible partiesDescriptionFlood Risk Management Measure

MOST EFFECTIVE


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PPS25 – part of a suite of measures

• Government’s sustainable developmentagenda

• Defra/EA – FRM - Making Space for Water/WFD

• Civil Contingencies Act• CLG – Spatial Planning• PPS1 ‘Sustainable Development’

• October 2006 – EA a statutory consultee to planning applications where flood risk is an issue

• Flooding Direction, T&CPA, Jan 2007

PPS25 – Purpose and Aims• To build on the concepts first established in PPG25

• To ensure that flood risk is considered during all stages of planning, which will in turn:

• Avoid inappropriate development in areas at risk of flooding.• Direct development away from areas of high-risk.• Make developments safe and such that they do not increase

flooding elsewhere.• Help deliver sustainable development.

• To promote a partnership approach…• Planners and developers to work effectively with the EA and

operating authorities and other stakeholders• To ensure that spatial planning supports flood risk

management policies and plans, River Basin Management Plans and emergency/civil contingency planning.


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What’s new in PPS25?

• More strategic approach

• Stronger guidance on flood risk assessment

• Clarified Sequential Test

• New Exception Test

• Clearer policy on climate change

Clarified Sequential Test

• Clearer definition of Flood Zones

• Clearer matching of development types to degree of risk

• Vulnerability classification


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Flood zones

• Flood zones refined by SFRA to include climate change allowances in Annex B

• Functional floodplain areas to be agreed by LPA with EA in SFRA, but generally the 5% AEP floodplain unless this is prevented from flooding by existing infrastructure. Includes all areas designed to flood, potentially including urban areas – eg car parks


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New Exception Test

Where no lower risk sites exist, three criteria to be met to provide safe development:

• meets sustainability objectives – the need for the development outweighs the flood risk

• on previously developed land where possible

• flood risk assessment shows development will be safe, will not increase flood risk elsewhere and will reduce overall risk if possible

PPS25 & the assessment of flood risk

National Planning Policy1

Regional Spatial Strategies

Sub-Regional Spatial Plans2

Local Development Frameworks

Planning Applications

Planning Decisions

Regional Flood Risk Appraisals

Strategic Flood Risk Assessments2

Flood Risk Assessments

Catchment Flood Management Plans

Shoreline Management Plans

National Government

Regional Government

DeveloperEnvironment Agency / Maritime Local Authorities

Local Authority

Legend: Responsibilities are indicated using colour-coding, as follows.


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Regional Flood Risk Appraisals

• Responsibility of RPBs

• An appraisal of strategically important flood risk issues

• Inform policies for managing flood risk in the RSS

• Direct growth areas to low flow risk areas

• Provide guidance on strategic flood risk assessment

Strategic Flood Risk Assessments

• Responsibility of LPAs• Provide sufficient information to allow

• application of the Sequential Test• where necessary, the Exception Test

• Allow LPAs to:• Prepare appropriate FRM policies

in LDDs• Take flood risk into account when

allocating land• Identify the requirements for

site-specific FRAs• Assess emergency planning capability


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Site-Specific Flood Risk Assessment

Severity of consequencesxLikelihood of a

flood occurring=Flood risk

PPS25 Requirements

• FRA required with almost all Planning Applications

• Developer’s responsibility

• EA statutory consultee

• Flooding Direction – ‘call-in’ powers


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FRA Objectives

To establish:• current and future flood risk• that measures to manage

flood risk are appropriate• that the proposed

development will be safe• no increase in flood

risk elsewhere

If Necessary:• Sequential test• Exception test

• Proportionate to the degree of flood risk and scale, nature and location of the development

• Should aim to make optimum use of existing information

• Requirements defined by:• PPS25• SFRA• CIRIA C624 / FD2320• Consultation

FRA Scope


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EA Standing Advice

http://www.pipernetworking.com/floodrisk/Development category

Within Main River bye-law distance

Within Flood Zone 3

Within Flood Zone 2

Within Flood Zone 1

Domestic extensions Consult EA Standard response

Standard response

No planning comment - see consent note

Industrial/Commercial extensions less than 250m2

Consult EA Standard response

Standard response


Change of use to a more 'flood risk sensitive' use

Consult EA Consult EA Standard response

No Comment

Camping & Caravan Sites Consult EA Consult EA Standard

response


Operational development less than 1ha

Consult EA Consult EA Standard response

General surface water drainage information

Operational development between 1ha and 5ha

Consult EA Consult EA Consult EA Standard response

Civil emergency infrastructure less than 5ha

Consult EA Consult EA Consult EA Standard response

All operational development greater than 5ha

Consult EA Consult EA Consult EA Consult EA

Staged Approach

•Level 1 Screening study: •Identify any flooding issues•Sequential test

•Level 2 Scoping study: •Assess available information•Qualitatively assess flood issues•Assess scope for development

•Level 3 Detailed study•Quantitative assessment


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FRA Template/structure

Development Description and Planning Context• Site location, brownfield/greenfield• Flood Zone• Development Vulnerability• Sequential test / Exception Test

• LDD / SFRA allocation sites• Previously allocated sites• Windfall sites

• Exception Test • Parts a & b• Part c


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Definition of Flood Hazard

• Source• Pathway (mechanism)• Receptor• Existing surface water management

Probability• Flood Map• Historic data/CFMP/SMP• RFRA/SFRA• Modelling (if required)• Flood risk infrastructure


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Climate change

• An uncertain future

• PPS25 provides guidance on suitable allowances

• Assess impact• Precautionary approach• Managed adaptive approach

Detailed Development Proposals

• What will the development comprise?• Sequential approach• Masterplanning


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Flood Risk Management Measures

• Safe by design• Finished floor levels• Flood walls/banks• Flood resilience• Access

• Strategic flood risk management• Development lifetime

• Climate change• Operation and maintenance•Responsibilities and funding

Off Site Impacts

• Conveyance

• Floodplain storage

• Surface water management


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Residual flood risk

• Risk management

NOT

• Flood prevention

• Role of council emergency planning officers


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The key pitfalls• Flood zoning for other sources of flooding

• Limbo state until RFRAs, SFRAs are in place and LDDs have been sequentially-tested

• Providing evidence of fulfilment of the Sequential Test

• Windfall sites

• Conflict with PPS3? Not necessarily…

• Some surprises within flood vulnerability classification – eg Developments requiring Hazardous Waste consent, Wastewater Treatment Works

• SUDS still reliant on ICOPs


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Key messages• Think flood risk from day 1

of your strategic planning exercises

• Don’t underestimate the power of the Sequential Test

• Use the guide – it’s not there to insult your intelligence and provides plenty of scope for pragmatic, local or regionally-based interpretation

• Provide feedback – it won’t be ignored.

Questions?

Copy of presentation, plus a 10 page summary of PPS25 and PG available in digital form from

[email protected]

Documents

CIEF/CIRIA Flood resilience and resistance seminar 5 ... · PDF fileLANDFoRM – Flood resilience and resistance 05/02/08 Will McBain - Arup 3 Flood risk management hierarchy Planning