Chinese Steel Industry Energy and Environmnt-USTB

7/31/2019 Chinese Steel Industry Energy and Environmnt-USTB

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Energy saving and environmentalEnergy saving and environmental

protection in Chinese Steel Industryprotection in Chinese Steel Industry(a typical process industry)(a typical process industry)

Activity 3.2Activity 3.2

DaqiangDaqiang CANGCANGSchool of Metallurgical and Ecological EngineeringSchool of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering

University of Science and Technology BeijingUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing

Key Lab of Ecology and Circle Metallurgy,Key Lab of Ecology and Circle Metallurgy,Ministry of EducationMinistry of Education

ChinaChina

Contract number: CN/ASIAContract number: CN/ASIA--LINK/016(103LINK/016(103--187)187)


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ContentContent

1. Preface1. Preface

2. Chinese steel industry2. Chinese steel industry 3. Present situation of energy consumption3. Present situation of energy consumption

in Chinese steel industryin Chinese steel industry

4. Environmental protection in Chinese steel4. Environmental protection in Chinese steel industryindustry

5. New tech. on Energy Saving &5. New tech. on Energy Saving &

Environmental Protection for steel industryEnvironmental Protection for steel industry

6. Conclusions6. Conclusions


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BF LD CC Hot rolling Cold rolling

Products

Coking

Sintering

Scrap

Power generation

Gas

Cement

Slag

Wasted plastic

Steel industrial processSteel industrial process


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1.Preface1.Preface * Steel still is the* Steel still is the main material, but is amain material, but is a

energy intensive and heavier pollutedenergy intensive and heavier polluted

industry.industry.

* A huge domestic market in China.* A huge domestic market in China.

* Some gap between China and the others:* Some gap between China and the others:


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Production of crude steel:Production of crude steel: 420420 million tons,million tons,20062006(~1/3 of the world). 18.5% increase(~1/3 of the world). 18.5% increase

comparing to 2005.comparing to 2005.

Domestic crude steel consumption:Domestic crude steel consumption: 384384

million tons,million tons, 2006,2006, 30.98% in the whole world.30.98% in the whole world.

2. Chinese steel industry2. Chinese steel industry


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China Steel Output In Recent 5 Years

0

500010000

15000

2000025000

30000

35000

40000

45000

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

O

u

t

u

t

(

1

00

0

0

t

on

s

)

Steel output


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China steel output in the past 16 yearsChina steel output in the past 16 years


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The Characteristics of Chinese steelThe Characteristics of Chinese steelproduction, 2006production, 2006

The structure of Chinese steel productsThe structure of Chinese steel products

changed.changed.

The production and proportion of highThe production and proportion of high--level products increased.level products increased.

The production of specialThe production of special--purpose steelpurpose steel

products increased.products increased.


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Some steel products adjusted inSome steel products adjusted in

20062006

67.68%529.88Stainless steel

34.8%654Shipbuildingplate

60.5%73.2Bridge plate

65%217.5Container plate

Special-purpose

products

53.1%1314.57Cold rolling

sheet

36.54%15402.46plateHigh-level

products

Growthproportion

Output (10000tons)

Class


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New policyNew policy------Chinese steel productionChinese steel production

Change the steel industry from big size toChange the steel industry from big size to

higher level.higher level.

Improve the technology and hardware.Improve the technology and hardware.

Increase the proportion of highIncrease the proportion of high--levellevelproducts.products.

Strengthen steel enterprisesStrengthen steel enterprises centralizationcentralization

and reorganizing.and reorganizing.


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3. Present situation of energy consumption3. Present situation of energy consumption

in Chinese steel industryin Chinese steel industry

Pictures fromPictures from BaosteelBaosteel, Shanghai, China, Shanghai, China


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Energy consumption in 2006Energy consumption in 2006

Gross energy consumptionGross energy consumption:: 198 million tons198 million tons cece (standard coal)(standard coal) increased 15 million tonsincreased 15 million tons

cece than 2005than 2005about 8.45%(production:18.5% increased).about 8.45%(production:18.5% increased).

Comprehensive energy consumptionComprehensive energy consumption ::

645.12645.12 kgec/tkgec/treduced 7.06%reduced 7.06% than 2005.than 2005. Comparable energy consumptionComparable energy consumption 623.04623.04 kgec/tkgec/treduced 6.19%reduced 6.19% than 2005.than 2005.

Fresh water consumptionFresh water consumption:: 6.56t/t6.56t/treduced 14.9%reduced 14.9% than 2005.than 2005.


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The energy consumption between 1990 andThe energy consumption between 1990 and

20002000The data after 2000 are from large and middle sized steelThe data after 2000 are from large and middle sized steel

enterprisesenterprises

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

year

amountofenergy

consumption,0.

01million

tec

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

energyconsump

tionofsteel

making/nationwideenergy

consumpt

ion

%

nationwide energy consumption,0.01million tec

total energy consumption of iron and steel making industry ,0.01million tecenergy consumption of steelmaking industry /nationwide energy consumption,%


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The constitution of energy consumption

in Chinese steel industry, 2004

Electricity power,26.40%

Coal, 69.90%

Naturalgas,0.50%Fuel oil,3.02%


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Steel industry energy structureSteel industry energy structure

in some countriesin some countries

23.7 %15.3 %16.0 %26.4 %Electricity

power

8.2 %17.0 %0.5 %Natural gas

19.9 %20.7 %7.0 %3.2 %Fuel oil

56.4 %55.8 %60 %69.9 %Coal

JapanGermanyUSAChina


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-25.0%-24.3%25.8%-11.2%-2.0%-5.9%-8.6%-20.3%Change

rate

-29.43-64.577.46-17.99-9.28-4.07-67-179

The

variation

quality

of 2005to 2000

88.52201.0236.34142.21456.7964.83714741

92.91209.8926.57142.21466.2066.38701761

96.29213.7323.56148.51464.6866.42709780

101.49228.9424.01150.32455.1367.07698815

107.52230.0928.03153.9868.60747876

117.95265.5928.88160.20466.0768.90781920

RollingEAFLFCockingIron

makingSinter

Comparable

energy

consumption

Comprehensive

energy

consumption

Changes of the process energy consumption inChanges of the process energy consumption in2000~20052000~2005 ((kgce/tkgce/t))


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227.476.5152.532.538.695.531.937.4

The gap

between

lagging

indicator andaverage%

41.232.4107.412.215.737.49.08.3

The gap

betweenadvanced and

average%

289.78354.9091.75605.1089.87278.06994.21018

Lagging

indicator

(kgce/t)

289.78135.89-2.7396.7054.6889.02650.00679.76

Advanced

level (kgce/t)

88.52201.0236.34456.7964.83142.21714741

Key

enterprises

(kgce/t)

RollingEAFLFIron

making

SinterCocking

Comparable

Energy

consumption/tsteel

Comprehensive

Energy

Consumption/tsteel

The energy consumption gap between steel enterprises in CThe energy consumption gap between steel enterprises in Chinahina

20052005 , (, (kgce/tkgce/t))


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9.60153.682.2748.1714.690.496.06

The proportion

of total energy

consumption()

Hot-rolling47.82

Cold-rolling80.28198.6-8.88437.93128.158.89

International

advancedlevel(1999)

117.32O396.789.0260.55Baosteel (first

season)

88.82201.0236.34456.79142.2164.83The domestic

key enterprises

RollingPowerEAFLFIron

makingCockingPelletingSinteringProcess

The gap between China(2005) and international advanced leveThe gap between China(2005) and international advanced level(1999)l(1999)

((kgce/tkgce/t))


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Some new energy savingSome new energy saving

technology applied in Chinatechnology applied in China

There are more and more energy saving tech. wereThere are more and more energy saving tech. were

used in Chinese steel industry, the followingused in Chinese steel industry, the following are some of them which start to be used in the pastare some of them which start to be used in the past

few year.few year.

(1) Coke Dry Quenching (CDQ)(1) Coke Dry Quenching (CDQ)

1)1) Recovery sensible heat from red coke : 80%Recovery sensible heat from red coke : 80%

2)2) Produce 0.5t/t ,steam pressure: 4MPa, 450Produce 0.5t/t ,steam pressure: 4MPa, 450 ..

3)3) Improve environmental quality .Improve environmental quality .

4)4) Improve coke strength, with M40 increase 3~8%, M10 reduce 0.3~Improve coke strength, with M40 increase 3~8%, M10 reduce 0.3~0.8%.0.8%.


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(2) Heat Recovery Technology from Hot(2) Heat Recovery Technology from Hot

Sinter product for Steam and electricitySinter product for Steam and electricity

generationgeneration

Recovery 76kg steam /per ton sinter product in BaostRecovery 76kg steam /per ton sinter product in Baosteeleel..

(3) Blast Furnace Top Gas Pressure(3) Blast Furnace Top Gas Pressure

Recovery Turbine UnitRecovery Turbine Unit TRTTRT

which can generate 37kwh electricity/ ton of product inwhich can generate 37kwh electricity/ ton of product in BaosteelBaosteel..


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(4) HTAC (High temperature air combustion)(4) HTAC (High temperature air combustion)

Fuel oilBurner

nozzle ABurner

nozzle B

Fuel oil

Hot air

1000o

CTemperature 1200oC

High

temperature gas

Left regenerative

chamberLeft regenerative

chamber

Cold flue gas


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4.4. Environmental protection inEnvironmental protection inChinese steel industryChinese steel industry

(for gas, solid, liquid phase pollutants)(for gas, solid, liquid phase pollutants)


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The proportion of the pollutants ofThe proportion of the pollutants ofChinese steel industry to theChinese steel industry to the

gross national pollutantsgross national pollutants

Based on the data of the National Bureau ofBased on the data of the National Bureau of

Statistics of China, The proportion of the steelStatistics of China, The proportion of the steel

industry pollutants to the national total pollutantsindustry pollutants to the national total pollutantsare as follows:are as follows:


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Gross National

emissions

Steel industry

emissions

Proportion (%)

Waste gas(cubic meters)

268025 57134 21.31

SO2

(10 thousandtone)

2549 146.5 7.4

Smoke (10thousand tone)

1183 71 8.3

Dust (10

thousand tone)828.1 129.6 15.65

Waste water (10million tone)

5633 18.4173 8.53

The proportion of the steel industry pollutants toThe proportion of the steel industry pollutants to

the gross national pollutantsthe gross national pollutants


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Index 2003 2004 2005 (statistic

incompletely)

Reused industrial

water (%)

90.73 92.28 94.4

New water consumption

per tone steel (cubic

meters)

13.73 11.27 8.06

Outfall waste water

capacity per tone

steel (cubic meters)

7.7 7.23 5.02

Waste water

disposing ratio (%)

99.52 99.58 99.6

The ratio of disposed

water (%)

98.08 98.25 98.6

Utilization ratio of

the coking gas (%)

96.64 98.17 98.3

Main indexes of environmental protection and pollutants utilization inmain steel enterprises recently


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Index 2003 2004 2005 (statistic

incompletely)%

Utilization ratio of the

blast furnace gas (%)91.61 95.85 96.1


converter gas (%)

87.07 84.08 89.7


dust and sludge (%)98.46 98.66 99.7

Utilization ratio ofthe waste dregs (%) 58.07 60.48 67.9


the furnace slag (%)

92 95.68 97


the steel slag (%)

87.39 90.05 Converter slag 10


the waste acid (%)

90.01 95 Sulfuric 76

Hydrochloric 98


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The major problems of environmentalThe major problems of environmental

protection for Chinese steel industryprotection for Chinese steel industry

.(1) Wasted water from coke making process.(1) Wasted water from coke making process

(2) SO(2) SO22 andand NOxNOx in Sinter flue gasin Sinter flue gas

(3) High temperature(3) High temperature dedustingdedusting

(4) Dioxin remove from sinter plan(4) Dioxin remove from sinter plan (5) Organic pollutant remove from water(5) Organic pollutant remove from water

(6) BOF and EAF slag utilization(6) BOF and EAF slag utilization

(7) Tailing from iron ore mine(7) Tailing from iron ore mine


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The goal of energy saving and environmentThe goal of energy saving and environment

protection afterprotection after the tenth fivethe tenth five--yearyear--projectsprojects..Several important target of clean production in large and middle-size enterprises in

2005 and 2010

Year 1million

t/a cokeoven dry

quenchin

g

proportio

n (%)

BF over

1000m

3

TRT

proportio

n (%)

New

waterconsump

tion per

tone

steel

(m3)

Proporti

on ofconverte

r gas

utilizatio

n (%)

Waste

waterand gas

standardi

ng rate

(%)

Decrease

of mainpollutant

discharg

e amount

(%)

Compreh

ensiveenergy

consump

tion per

tone

steel

(kg/t)

2005 60 100 12 70 100 15 750

2010 100 50(BF

between300 to

1000m3

TRT

proportio

n)

8 90 100 30 650


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Strengthen the EnvironmentStrengthen the Environment

Impact AssessmentImpact Assessment

Minimizing pollutantMinimizing pollutant

Improve the energy utilization efficiencyImprove the energy utilization efficiency

Improve the water utilization efficiencyImprove the water utilization efficiency

Improve the material utilization efficiencyImprove the material utilization efficiency


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Some concerned activities in China:Some concerned activities in China:

Cleaner productionCleaner production (CP)(CP)

Recycle economyRecycle economy (RC)(RC)

Industrial ecologyIndustrial ecology (IE)(IE) The principle:The principle:

3R3R :: RReduce,educe, RReuse,euse, RRecycleecycle

From theFrom the resource sideresource side minimizing theminimizing thepollutant emission, energy consumptionpollutant emission, energy consumptionand resource consumption.and resource consumption.


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5.New technologies and approaches5.New technologies and approaches

New approachesNew approaches for energy saving:for energy saving:

(1)process innovation: Continuous casting instead(1)process innovation: Continuous casting instead

of model casting, etc.of model casting, etc.

(2) short process instead of long process.(2) short process instead of long process.

(3) small size(3) small size ------large size enterprises.large size enterprises. (4) develop more super steel products.(4) develop more super steel products.

(5) industrial ecology (industrial group system).(5) industrial ecology (industrial group system).


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New approachesNew approaches for environment protection:for environment protection:

(1)Treat wastes before process, in process and(1)Treat wastes before process, in process and

after process.after process.

(2)Waste treatment with wastes.(2)Waste treatment with wastes. (3)Industrial ecology: use wastes as a new(3)Industrial ecology: use wastes as a new

resource (for another industry or enterprise).resource (for another industry or enterprise).


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New tech.:New tech.:

For energy saving:For energy saving: (1) Low temperature ,dispersed, batch emitted wasted heat(1) Low temperature ,dispersed, batch emitted wasted heat

for power generation. (organized a national symposium infor power generation. (organized a national symposium in

China)China) (2) Energy saving materials development :(2) Energy saving materials development :

NanoNano fluid,fluid, nanonano coating, copper stave for BFcoating, copper stave for BF

(3)Physical fields to change the chemical and physical(3)Physical fields to change the chemical and physical

properties or the process (patens).properties or the process (patens).

(4) Super(4) Super--critical conditions for new energy production.critical conditions for new energy production.

(5) High temperature slag heat recovery(5) High temperature slag heat recovery..


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New tech. for environment protection:New tech. for environment protection:

(1)In process control (not end of pipe control):(1)In process control (not end of pipe control):

e.g. fixed SOe.g. fixed SO22 in solid sinter product, not inin solid sinter product, not in

flue gas etc).flue gas etc). (2) Slag reform: change crystal structure and(2) Slag reform: change crystal structure and

composition for new application etc.composition for new application etc.

(3) High temperature(3) High temperature dedustingdedusting (4) H(4) H22 metallurgymetallurgy

(5) Water saving(5) Water saving

(6) Waste treat waste: coking wasted water treats(6) Waste treat waste: coking wasted water treats

SOSO22 in sinter flue gas andin sinter flue gas and


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ConclusionsConclusions

1) Different countries have different1) Different countries have different

conditions and requirement under differentconditions and requirement under differentdeveloping stage, some tech. be used maybedeveloping stage, some tech. be used maybe

different in different countries.different in different countries.

2)2) Recycle economyRecycle economy is a good way foris a good way for

energy saving, environment protection andenergy saving, environment protection and

resource utilization effectively.resource utilization effectively.


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Many thanks!Many thanks!

Documents

Chinese Steel Industry Energy and Environmnt-USTB