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EnvironmentalAssessment/AnalysisReports ___ __
Report E0040
China -
Liaoning EnvironmentalProj ectEA Category B
Environmental Assessment11 of 12September 1993
This report has been prepared by the Borrower or its Consultant
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EA2EU
JUN O 9 19
RECEnrE
Environmental Protection Project; Of Liaoning Province
By LoanFrom World Bank
No.1 Seware Treatment Plantin West of Anshan City
ReportOf Environment Impact
Bei"ing Environmental Impact Assesmment Corp.Beijing
Sep. , 1992
recvcled paper r,lug% and rnginnnnrntr
Manager: Mr. Wu Zhicheng
Project Manager: Mr. Li Youliang
Technical Manager: Mr. Song Weimin
Ms. Zhang Hong
Reviewer: Mr. Li Zaigong
Drawer-up: Mr. Song Weimin
Ms. Zhang Hong
Beijing Environmental Impact Assessment Corp.
Beijing
Sep., 1992
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Participators and Their Occupation
Name Occupation Speciality
Mr. Wu Zhicheng Senior Engineer Environment project
Mr. Li Zaigong Senior Engineer Environment Assessment
Mr. Song Weimin Senior Engineer Water Supply and Drainage
Mr. Yang Chenjun Senior Engineer Noise Control
Mr. Li Youliang Seni-or Engineer Environment Management
Ms. Qi Guoqin Engineer Environment Project
Ms. Zhang Hong Engineer - Environment Project
Mr. Zhang Liuling Engineer Environment Assessment
Ms. Hu Hemei Engineer Environment Ecology
Mr. Su Yi Engineer Environment Chemistry
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Content
Page
1. Preface .............................................. el
1.1 Purpose and Substance of Assessment .....................3
1.2 Requirements and Basis for Report .....................4
of Project Environment Impact
1.3 Criteria, Scope and Factors of ........................ 5
Environment Impact Assessment
1.4 Characters of Impact Resulting ........................ 7
from Construction of Sewage
Treatment Plant
1.5 Main Environmenital Objects in ......................... 8
Area of STP to be controlled
2.. General Introduction of Project ..... Q, ................. 8
2.1 Title and Purpose ................ .. ........ 8
2.2 Project Site and Geographical Position; ............... 8
2.3 Capacity and Occupied Area of STP ..................... 9
2.4 Investment in Project ....................... .......... . 9
2.5 Main Process of STP ........................ .... . .... .9
2.6 Management and Employees of STP ....................... 9
3. Role Played by No.1 STP in Anshan .................... 10
Water Net Comprehensive Pollution
Control
3.1 Water Net is Anshan district ......................... 10
3.2 Existing Sewage Source and Situation . ................. 10
in Anshan
3.3 Determination of First Phase Project ................. 11
of Anshan Water Net Pollution Control
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4. Project Analysis ............... ............. .17
4.1 Diversion Works...... ...... a .............................. * * . ... 17
4.2 Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) ......................... 18
4.3 Water Dispatch Works ............................................ . 20
4.4 Research on Process Flow Sheet of STP ................ 20
4.5 Impact Factors of STP on Environment .................. 32
4.6 Water Balance of STP Under Different ................. 34
Conditions
4.7 STP Construction Plan and Expected Effects ........... 35
4.8 Reasonability Analysis of STP ........... *...........;38
4.9 Analysis of Sludge From STP ........................... 42
4.10 STP Area Rainwater Collecting System ................. 45
4.11 Management and Supervision of STP .................... 45
5. Existing Environment Situation . . 46
of Project Area
5.1 Natural Environment .................... ............. . 46
5.2 Natural Living Things .. 50
5.3 Socioeconomic Environment ........ .......... ............ ...... . 50
6. Present situation about the quality..................52
of surface water, underground water,
air, soil and crops
6.1 Surface water ...... ................... 52
6.2 Underground water . ......................... .... 54
6.3 Atmosphere ........ ........ ............................ . 56
6.4 Soil crops ........................................... 58
6.5 Investigation of people health ....................... 6 2
6.6 Comprehensive comment of present . .................... 62
situation
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7. Forecasting and assessment of .... 64
environmental impact of the
construction project
7.1 Forecasting on change of water ........................64
quality on the Yunliang river
and Anshan section of Taizi river
after putting into operation of
the waste water treatment plant
7.2 Influence of solid wastes on environment ............. 72
7.3 Influence of air pollution from waste ................ 79
water treatment plant on environment
7.4 Forecasting and asse3sment of impact ................. 89
of noise emitted from waste water
treatment plant on environment
7.5 Analysis of influence of chemicals ................... 95
used for cleaning the water by waste
water treatment plant
7.6 Preliminary analysis of influence of ......... 97
waste water treatment plant during
construction period on environment
7.7 Influence of built project on ........................ 98
terrestrial plant and underwater
7.8 Influence of built project on ........................ 99
utilization of land, social economy
and policy of the state
8. Economic, social and environment ............ 100
benefits of the built project
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8.1 Analysis of economic benefits ...... 100
of the project
8.2 Analysis on social benefits ......................... 107
of the built project
8.3 Analysis of environmental ........................... 108
benefits of the project
9. Analysis of accidents .................... ............ 109
10. Counter measures for alleviating of ................. 110
environmental impact of the project
11. Analysis and control counter measures ............... 116
of main pollution source of waste
water collection system of the waste
water treatment plant
11.1 Analysis of main pollution source ................... 116
11.2 Control counter measures of main ...... 120
waste water sources
12. -Set up of organization and personal ................. 121
training for waste water treatment
plant
12.1 Production features .......................... 121
12.2 Requirement on-operation management ................. 122
12.3 Set up of organization .............................. 122
12.4 Fixed numbers of workers and staffs ................. 123
of the plant
12.5 Plan for training of personnel ...................... 124
13. Monitoring system and communication ................. 124
system
13.1 Monitoring purpose ............................ ...... 124
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13.2 Communication System ................................ 128
14. Reliability Analysis of Normal ...................... 129
Operation of STP
15. Analysis of Potential Impacts ....................... 132
16. Analysis of Alternatives . ................... 134
17. Comprehensive Assessment of STP .................... 138
18. Conclusion of Assessment.. 141
18.1 Feasibility Study of STP .141
18.2 Conclusion of Assessment .141
19. Public Participant .147
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I. Preface
Anshan city is one of the 6 main cities which are located
in the Hun Taizi river valley Liaoning Province. In the
district of Anshan, from east to west there are 3 rivers
in the Taizi river valley, i.e. Nansha river, Yunlian
river and Yangliu river. They join Taizi river at
Xiakouzi, Dataizi and Xintaizi .in Anshan respectively.
Anshan is a heavy industry district and is famous for its
iron and steel industries, 76% of the city sewage comes
from industry. Now, the three rivers and the section of
Taizi river are heavily polluted. Along with the rapid
development of industries, the water source in this area
trends to be polluted further, not to say that there is a
shortage of the water source. From the viewpoint of
flowrate, quantity of pollutants discharged and extent of
pollution, the Yunliang river is in first place among the
3 rivers.
The pollution source of Yunliang river is concentrated in
it's upper reaches mainly Xibugou (the western channel).
The pollution of Xibugou has contaminated the underground
water and the farm soil nearby. Anshan is in shortage of
water supply, it has been affecting the living standard of
the local residents and the economic development of the
area.
The "Programme of Comprehensive Water Pollution Control in
Anshan) (PCPP), made by the Anshan Government based on
the plan of comprehensive pollution control of Hun river
- and Taizi river valleys of Liaoning province, shows that,
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to solve the problem of pollution of the section of Taizi
river in Anshan, the pollution of Xibugou must be treated
first. Therefore, it is necessary to build up a water
treatment plant in Xibugou. This water treatment plant,
which is called No.1 Sewage. Treatment Plant (STP), is one
of the main projects in Hui river and Taizi river valleys
pollution control plan. Based on the result of study of
the pollution control plan, the city construction and
reconstruction projects office (CCRO) asked for loan from
the World Bank for this project. After the delegation of
World Bank visited Anshan, they decided to assign the STP
project as the first phase project of sewage pollution
treatment of Liaoning province, upon this base, "The
Feasibility Study of Xibu No.1 Sewage Treatment Plant of
Anshan" (STP) has been -prepared.
Xibu No.1 Sewage Treatment Plant is a environmental
control project. It will not only be a very important part
in improvement of quality of the water in Yunliang river
and the Anshan section of Taizi river, but also relate to
the efficient utilization of water source in Anshan area
and planning of environment projects. During the initial
work of CCRO, on -the basis of document [Serial number:
Guo-Huan Zi (1986) No.003] and relative regulations of the
World Bank, the "Report of environmental impact assessment
of Xibu No.1 sewage treatment plant project" is written by
Beijing environmental Impact Assessment Co. according to
the entrustment of Design and REsearch Institute of Anshan
Iron & Steel Co.
recvcled paper 2 Vrnols and wnwirannent
1.1 Purpose and Content of Assessment
1.1.1 Purpose of Assessment
The No.1 Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) will be one of
the important environment protection facilities in
Anshan. It wi.l1 efficiently improve the district
environment sanitation and control the water
environment quality. However, the construction of this
plant may have negative effect on the local
environment, and the reuse of treated water will
change the balance of the original water net. Besides,
during the treatment, the separated sludge, if treate
unproperly, will possibly cause the secondar
pollution, and there will be atmospheric pollution
noise and bad smell along with the operation of th
plant. In the feasibility study, from the view point o
environment control, a balance and adjustment work
between the positive and negative impacts of this
project must be made.
1.1.2 Content of Assessment
By surveying and analyzing the existing water
distribution in this area, where the project is
located, and the environment quality, the quantitative
assessment of the impact on the environment quality of
the water net will be carried out. The qualitative
analysis of underground water and soil will be carried
out at the same time, because the surface water,
underground water and soil are closely related to each
other. Based on the features and the technoligical
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process flowsheet of the STP in' the feasibility, the
extent of pollution and damage to the environment where
the plant is built will be analyzed and predicted.
Based on this, the measures to be taken in the project.
feasibility study will be assessed to see whether they
are effective and enough, so as to determine the
reliability of the feasibility study. Alternatives or
counter-measures of improvement will be put forward.
t o From the view point of the features of the project,
tjpl~ this assessment is mainly dealing with the surface
water and at the same time, the consideration is also
given to the underground water and soil.
1.2 Requirements and Basis for the Report of Project
Environment Impact Assessment
1.2.1 Requirements
As the No.1 Sewage Treatment Plant Project will be
built with the loan from Bank of World, the assessment
report must not only meet the relative laws and
regulations of China and Liaoning province, but also
meet the requirements of the outline of environment
assessment made by the World Bank.
1.2.2 Basis
(1) Regulations of Environmental Protection Managemelat of
Construction Project.
(2) Law of Water of PRC.
(3) Law of Water Pollution Control of PRC.
(4) Plan of Comprehensive Harness of Hun river and Taizi
river valleys;
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(5) Programme of Comprehensive Prevention of Water Net
Pollution of Anshan;
(6) "Approval of Assigning Xibu No.1 Sewage Treatment Plant
of Anshan as short-term Project Built on Loan" issued
by Anshan City Construction and Reconstruction Project
Office on Feb. 24, 1988;
(7) Feasibility Study of Xibu No.1 Sewage Treatment Plant
of Anshan, which was submitted in 1991;
(8) World Bank Technical Documentation No.139 - Environment
Assessment Base Volume I;
(9) World Bank Work Outline No.4, Appendix A - Requirements
of Environment Assessment (OD401) (assessment is made
based on Group B in Appendix A3),
(10) Entrusting document of Environment Impact Assessment
-- Design and Research Institute of Anshan Iron and
Steel Co. (May, 1992)
(11) Outline of Environment Impact Assessment of Xibu -No.1
Sewage Treatment Plant of Anshan (May, 1992)
(12) Approval letter of Outline of Environment Impact
Assessment of Xibu No.1 Sewage Treatment Plant of
Anshan (Liao Huan Guan (1992] 023) issued by Liaoning
Environment Protection Bureau.
1.3 Criteria, Scope and Factors of Environment Impact
Assessment
1.3.1 Assessment Criteria
(1) Target of Surface Water Programming in Near Future
In 1995, the water quality of Anshan section of Taizi
river will accord with "The Surface Water Quality
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5
Standards Group V (GB3838-881", and that of Yunliang
river will accord with Group I of Field Irrigation
Water (GB5084-85).
(2) Water discharged from No.1 STP will accord with Class
II for.expanded and reconstructed projects specified in
'AC A Sewage and Waste Gas Discharge Standard in Liaoning
,^ + Province.
(3) The atmosphere will accord with Class II of Atmosphere
Environment Quality Standard (GB3095-82).
(4) The underground water will accord with Sanitary
Standard of Living and Drinking water (GB5749-85). -
{5) The environment noise will meet the requirements of
Industrial Enterprise Outside-boundary Noise Standard
(GB12348-90).
(6) The soil
Up till now, China has not yet formally issued soil
IL 0 assessment standard. So, the Background Values of Liao
River plain and the district background values will be
used to make comparison, analysis and assessment.
1.3.2 Scope
(1) Surface Water
The main assessment will be done for sewage of Xibugou
Section while the general assessment and analysis will
be done for Yunliang River and Ainshan section of Taizi
River.
(2) Underground water
By the section of Yunliang River from Xibugou to
Liujianfang , which is as long as approximately 14 km.
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(3) Atmosphere
The area, with the No.1 STP in the center, includes the
nearly places, such as Dayingpan, Xiaoyingpan, Wusantai
and Lisantai.
(4) Survey .of Population Health
The total point is Sonsan sewage irrigation district.>
(5) Soil and Crops
The survey of soil and crops will be made in the sewage
irrigation with Xibugou as the center, and 10,000 mu
district in area.
1.3.3 Ident±fication of Environment Impact Factors and
Selection of Assessed Factors
-i1) Surface water
The sewage in Xibugou is mainly the waste water from
the metallurgical industry, and the main pollutants in
it are volatile phenol, cyanide, petroleums, SS, COD,
so, C1 , salts and heavy metals. According to the
requirements of industrial water and the sewage
discharged. into Xibugou, SS, petroleum, COD, volatile
phenol and cyanide are selected as the assessed factors
for surface water.
(2) Underground water - PAsf 1
Volatile phenol, fluoride, SO- and NO: - N are the
factors.- aCl7 £'-46to4j 7
(3) Atmosphere
T.S.P , S0 2 and bad smell are the factors.
1.4 Characters of Impacts Resulting from -Construction of
Sewage Treatment Plant
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The STP is a environment control project, which will
improve the quality of water in Yunliang River and
Anshan section of Taizi River. It will reduces the
pollution of the underground water, soil and crops.
However, the smoke of the boilers of auxiliary
facilities and the bad smell resulting from evaporation
of sewage will pollute the surroundings, and the power
facilities and sludge transporting facilities will
produce noise.
1.5 Main objects of environmental protection in area of
STP
The STP is located in the west part of Anshan, wh?ere
-Ooz there are no scenic spots or historical sites, or rare
animal and plants. Only four residential areas are near
the CTP. They are the objects of environmental
protection in this assessment.
2. Description of the STP project
2.1 Title: Xibu No.1 Sewage Treatment Plant of Anshan
Purpose: District sewage treatment for environment
protection.
2.2 Selection of plant location and its geographical
position
The No.1 STP will be built at the west side of tailings
dam of Anshan Iron and Steel Co. (AISC) in the west
part of Anshan City. Its west neighbor is Lisantai, and
its north neighbor is Xiaoyingpan. For the geographical
position of Anshan City see Figure 2-1 and for that of
STP see-Figure 2-2. 1 a>
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Fig,2-1
Legend
* - capitalf
a-province capital
0- city\ a ~~~~~~~~~~~~~Liaoning province> nciJlnB * P > \ \ ~~~~~Shenynng city
Peopla's Republic or China
n 3U0 720 1080hm < v Q ~~~~~~~~~~~~~Taiwankm
llainan province
Nap of geographic position of Anshan city In Liaoning
province
Figure 2-2
EXT. 0-r co - I kI
L~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
(Jaa I5 0 Map of lovatAton of N4o.I1 sewage treatment plant lndb o l4DS wesl.nrn poart of Anslian ci ty
t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~A t ,a jOr
2.3 Capacity of STP and Occupied Area
The final capacity of the STP is 220x1l=zu/d, i.e. 9166
m3 /h. This figure is estimated on the based statistics
and analysis of the data got from continuous detection
made by automatic monitoring system at Xibugou and the
peak value of un-even coefficient of water discharge,
and the future development of industries in this
district is also in consideration.
The area occupied by the STP is i75x1000m2.
2.4 Investment of the P.roject*:
The total inveAment qf the STP project is 180 million
yuan RMB, ib.w0ich 50X will be the loan from World Bank
and the rest will be collected locally.> ) 0 7
2.5 Main Process of STP
The sewage going into the STP is mainly the waste water
from the iron and steel production, so it is difficult
to be treated by biochemical method. In this case,
coagulation by physical and chemical process followed
by settling and filtering will be used.
2.6 Management and Employees of STP
The business and accounting of this STP will be made
independently. Besides the STP operation, the STP will
be responsible for maintenance and repair of the
equipment and buildings, scientific research, technical
development, supplying high quality water to the users,
and repayment of the interest of the loan. There are 7
management sections, ops. The management persons
will be 36. There azr 300 e4ployees in total.recvcfed paper eminUE a end rn%in.nmn,
3. Role Played by No.1 STP in Anshan Water Net Pollution
Comprehensive Control
3.1 Water Net in Anshan District
Nansha River, Yunliang River and Yangliu River in
Anshan district belong to Taizi River Net; The
~ 9distribution of the water net over Anshan district is
shown in Figure 3-1.
3.2 Existing Sewage Sources and Situation in Anshan City
At present, 122 enterprises discharge industrial waste
water. From them, 38 enterprises (21 of them are large-
scale enterprises) have built up 183 installations for
sewage treatment and water recovery. The nominal
treatment capacity of these installation is 1,339x103 m3
/d, but the practical capacity is only 1,231.4x103 m3
/d.
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10
Anuhl l Iran and Steel Cominny Fig
a
-. ~~~~~~~~~~4
-91~ ~ ~ ~ ~~I Anislian city
Note: A Xibugou
B Zhongbugou
C Nanbugou
Scliematic diagram of water system in Avnshan area
Of them, 874x103 mi /d meets the requirements of the
standard. The quantity of discharged water after
treatment is 250xlO; m3/d.
Now, the total quantity of waste water discharged in
Anshan City is 746.6x103 m /d, in which, 563.8x10 mr/d
75.52% comes from industry,the treated industrial
discharged water is 274x103 m3/d and the treatment
ratio is 48.6%.
3.3 Determination of First Phase Project of Anshan Water
Net Pollution
The Water net in Anshan district consists of 3 rivers
and 1 section. The 3 rivers all originate in Anshan
district and so called one section means the section of
Taizi River flow through the Anshan district, Taizi
River that flowing. Based on the conception that treat
the pollution of rises branch will improve the main
river's water quality, considering that the 3 rivers
have been heavily polluted the key problem is how to
achieve good benefit in short period following analysis
are made for the first phase project. 3.3.1 Analysis of
Flowrate River
The flowrates of Nanshan River, Yunliang River and
Yangliu River, and the Taizi River Anshan section and
the percentage of each river are shown in Table 3-1.
And the distribution of flowrates is shown in Figure 3-
2.
recvcled DaDer r l olu and rn%in.nnirns
Total flow of 3 rivers 746.6 x 1000 e/d
01~10o
,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-Q
Flow7036.3x 1000 a/d
Percentage of flows of sach river in
Anshan area hydrographic net
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Table 3-1 Flowrates of Rivers and Percentage
Average Flowrate(10% r½d) Flowrate Flowrate Order*River ------------------------- Ratio of Ratio of
Flowrate Total Flowrate 3 Rivers Each River inName of each of 3 Rivers to Taizi to Total of
River (X) 3 Rivers Flowrate* ~~~~~~~(%)
Nansha 173.0 2.46 23.17 2River
Yunliang 420.8 746.6 5.98 56.36 lRiver
Yangliu 152.8 2.17 20.47 3River
Taizi FlowrateRiver 703.63 Ratio ofAnshan 3 RiversSection to Taizi
10.61%---------- e--------------12-----------------------------------------_
recvcled DaDer 1 2 q4olgic and ensin.nmemn
It can be seen from table 3-1 and figure 3-2 that the
flowrate of Yunliang River is 56.36% of the total
flowrate of the 3 rivers. The flowrate of Yunliang
River is 5.98% of that of Taizi River Anshan section at
Xiaohekou cross section. Therefore, from the viewpoint
of the flowrate distribution, Yunliang River is the
largest one in Anshan area to transporting water into
Taizi River.
Yunliang River consists of 3 branches, i.e. Xibugou
(West Stream) , Zhongbugou (Intermediate stream), and
Nanbugou (South Stream). Of them, Xibugou's flowrate
is the largest and relatively stable. The distribution
of flow of the rivers and streams is shown in Figure 3-
3 . It can be seen from Figure 3-3 that Xibugou's
flowrate is 46.63% of Yunliang River's flowrate. So
that the Xibugou should be emphasized.
3.3.2 Pollution Situation of Existing River
In order to get the typical basic information for
Anshan City water net pollution treatment, Anshan
Environment Protection Bureau made thorough detection
and survey of Taiz River Anshan section, and its
branches, Nanshan river Yunliang and Yangliu River. To
determine the extent of pollution of the 3 rivers,
Table 3-2 is made by statistics in 1990.
It is seen from Table 3-2 that Yunliang River is on the
first place from the viewpr.int of the sewage flowrate
and the equivalent pollution X . Its equivalent
pollution load is 77.3% of that the 3 rivers.
recvcled paper emkM% and mneni.nm in
13
Fig. 3-3
C1
0Qo
Nansha Flow F o%w f
" 4 / |Zhong- Flou | AFl owA Yunliang Fo X uo ^ #
R iver c3 .
b 4 1 sto | ze* | ) Others | F~~~~~l; | A (X) .4
iJ ~ ~ ~ ~ ie
2% Proportion of flow of rivers and streamls in Anshan3 A , Percentage of streams to Yunliang river
v B- Percentage of river to total flow Of the 3 rivers 1 Rey Five A (
The extent of pollution of the 3 streams which join
Yunliang River is shown in Table 3-3. It can be seen
from Table 3-3 that Xibugou is heavily polluted by
industrial sewage, which is 92.9% of its flowrate, the
living sewage is only 7.1% of its flowrate. As to the
equivalent pollution load, industrial sewage is 97.36%,
while living sewage is 2.64%. The-equivalent pollution
load of Xibugou is 69.76% of that of Yunliang river.
From the above analysis, it is seen that Xibugou plays
a very important part in the pollution of Yunliang
River. If the pollution in Xibugou is controlled, the
quality of water in Yunliang River will be thoroughly
improved.
The distribution of equivalent pollution loads of the
rivers and streams in Anshan district is shown in
Figure 3-4. It is seen from the figure that the
equivalent pollution load of Xibugou is two thirds of
that of Yunliang River.
A comprehensive analysis of the amount of industrial
sewage discharged into the rivers and streams of Anshan
water net based on the total qualitative control is
made so as to get the accurate percentage of the main
pollutants accepted by different acceptant waters. The
results are listed in Table 3-4. It is seen from the
table that Yunliang River is the heaviest polluted one
among the 3 rivers, and Xibugou is the main polluting
source to Yunliang River. The amount of the 6 main
pollutants of Xibugou in the 3 rivers is 37.56-91.85%
recvcled Daper crnIos and emnvnmmeni14
lFig. 3-4
n0
10
0 . Nansha A 0 8 () __
river A 1 A I &||I I XibugouI
4J
* Zhong-| A | l.)r ~~~~~~~~~bugou 76.oa
Yunian A
river do jB(%I Nan- At C./)bugou | J ,,II
N | )lBi % thers| 0 | 9 |
Yangliu 4 ~ IOhr J 101 ?
river 6 7, 7O 74 _____It A - equivalent pollution loud Proportion of equivalent pollution loud
Percentage of each river of each r iver in Aishian ciLy- to Taizi river
W Key river 5WKey streamPercentage of each utream KT
-38 to Yangliu river
Table'3-2 Cowrehensive Analysis of Pollution Extentof IlAnsa River, Yunliaig River,
Aind Yaagliu River U O)T T ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~in 00
iver - Tota I I Type of Accepted I Equivalent I Type at Equivalent Load I Pain Pollutants (listed by Polluting Extent) lOrder by Pollution Extentno I Flov I Accepted Flow I Lead I _______
a i ~~~~Irlncstrial I Living I Total I Percentage I Industrial I -Living I Polluted Vater I Living Sewage ISevage i Cowl,ination~~ I I ~~~~I I r--i load l of t Vle 1 I In River I I Flow I Pollution
~~ I I~~Percent I Vater IPercent I Vater I I City Load IPercent I Vater I Percent I Water I III LoadI I Flovi Flowi I Floi IFlowi I
ansho 1IT1.30 163 .30 I10.95 136.70 I6.35 I 307.22 I 14.99 I 59.51 I 77.93 I40.49 1 529.29 IPetroleus. COD, BCD., MD.) EUDj. SS1 2 I 2iver I I__I I I__ _ _ SS.C,Cr'II__ __
unliuaw (1) I 42.08 I 76.30 1 37.11 1 23.70 I 9.87 16742.00 I 77.32 1898.43 1SIM 59 1.9 11.57 I 780.05 I Petroleum. COD,). 1) I COD). BOD.t. SS I I Ilver i I . 1IISS.VolatibIa phenoll I
'MllU 115.25 1 87.203 113.14 1 12.80 I 1.96 I 670.70 I 7.69 I 53.58 1 359.36 1 46.42 I 311.34 1 OM) , SS.Wj COD, OM,-, SS.I 3 I 3iver I II II III.
1-1-4-4 * 1-4-4 + * AI74.66 I 75.30 I 58.20 I 24.70 I 18.46 18719.92 I 100.00 I 81.40 . I 7093.24 I 18.60 1 1620.68 I Petroleum, COD. BODj SS. Volatible Phienol I
__ 16:b ~ ~~~~~Table 3-3 Cmprehensive Analysis of Potllution Exmteof 3 stream to Yuntiau River
(in 1000 i'/)
treaa I TotalI I Typ or Acupted Flow I Equivalent I Type or Equivalent Load i Order by Pollution BrenImFlowI Loadw _____
I I Andutrial I LivIns I Total IPercentae I Industrial I LivIng H ain Pollutants (listed by Polluting Extent) ISevage ICodbiniationI _ _- load lof Vole - Flow IPollution
~~ I (~Percet WVateri- IP'ent I'Vater c iCty Load Iercert Vater (Pecet I Vater I pLaI (Flow I I Flow I Flow I IFlow I_________________
*Ibusod 119.20 I 92.00 117.84 I 7.10 I 1.36 ( 4702.90 I 64.80 0 7.38 1 4578. 74 I 2.64 I 124.15 I Petroleum. Volatible Phenl, MOI, SSI I I
Joe44ou 7.10 I 23.94 I1.82 I 76.06 I .78 I745.24 1 ii.05 (48.41 1 345:87 I53.59 I399.37 IQJM. DODji Petroleum. SSI 3 I 3
.lusa 1 8.40 I50.43 1 4.24 I 49.58 I 4.16 I 1163.56 I 17.25 .I6.6I732 26 7.9 00,0) erlu
Note, The equivalent pollution load of Xihluou Is 53.9wt of the total at the 3 ateam.
ncnCL0
Table 3-4 Comprehensive Amlysin of Amounts of Pollutants In lndmtrial Sevage of Rivers' aM Stream In Awhan
Name of Amunts of Pollutaits Us Percentage of Total Pollutants 10 Rivers (MSreas or River I I I I I I I I I - I I
SS W r BODr I Votible I Cyan I de lPetroteum I SS I CODcy BM Votible I CyanIde Iretroleum IPhenol Phem I
Xibugou 33269.15 13119.19 2891.00 30.16 26.38 2608.70 58.32 41.89 37.56 91.85 71.00 81.70
Zhon&bugou NO. 63 3817.34 1722.97 0.02 9.96 1.88 12.19 22.38 0.05 0.31
Hanbugau 1 1321.29 1 4116.81 1 1096.30 1 5.32 1 37.91 1 2.31 1 13.15 1 14.24 1 14.32 1 1.19 I
gansha River 3394.52 13560.02 1 899.52 1 1.67 1 3.66 1 W9.59 I 595 1 11.37 1 11.69 1 4.70 1 9.85 1 9.31 1
Yuntiong River 36374.15 25068.46 1 6471.01 33.69 33.395 2985.M 63.77 81.96 84.06 95.30 89.88 89.72
Yamilu River 1 17273-27 1 2089-42 1 327.39 0.10 32.42 30.26 6.67 4.25 0.27 0.97
T41zl Rlvcr 1 107329-62 111453.361 6840-70 1 11.70 1 23.59 1 2901.44 1Wan Sectionl
Tgizl River 160977.04 1 41911.24 1 13639.19 1 44.59 1 57.09 1 5784.71 1 1Aishan Sectioni4iachekou)-43-
Note: De data In this table are only used for the total quantitative analysis. IM self cleanina balance calculati6n has not bew nade.
LP I joi>/.M> ^ {*
of the total pollutants and is 20.68-67.56X of the
total at Xiaohekou cross section of Yunliang River.
By systematically analyzing the pollution of Anshan
water net, and by surveying the flowrate and water
qualitative parameters of each water, it is found that
the pollution of Yunliang is the heaviest among the 3
rivers. As Taizi river receives a large amount of
polluted water from the 3 rivers the quality of water
in its Anshan section is poor . To solve the problem
of pollution of Taizi River Anshan section, the sewage
in Xibugou, whose equivalent pollution load is 53.93X
of the total load of the 3 rivers, must be treated
first. Therefore, according to the Programme of Anshan
city pollution prevention, the Xibu No 1 sewage
Treatment plant will be built in Xibugou, as the first
phase of sewage treatment for Anshan city.
4. Project Analysis
The sewage treatment project in Xibugou of Anshan
includes the diversion works, the sewage treatment
plant and the water dispatch works. Z 14 #/dscr- -The primary capacity of treatment of the plant is
;192xlO m' /d and the final capacity will be 220x1O3m3
/d. The area occupied by it is 175xlO'm. The total
investment of the project will be 182 million RMB yuan.
4.1 Diversion works
The sewage will be diverted through a covered channel
from Xibugou to the STP. The diversion canal inlet
will be located at the intersect point of Refractory
recvcled Daper rripIog% and vnsir.inwm
17
2 .#"8( , 2
plant channel and Oxygen plant channel. It is about
800 meters to the STP. In addition upsteam the
diversion open channel inlet will be changed into the
covered channel which is about 3000 meters long.
4.2 Sewage Treatment plant (STP)
The STP consists of water treatment facilities,
auxiliary facilities, the management and living
facilities. Its layout is shown in Figure 4-1.
The water treatment facilities are as follows:
-- screening
-- flocculating pond
-- matter removing box
=- clarifier pond
-- fast filter
-- sludge dispose facility
-- chemical dosing room
=- waste oil collecting system, and
-- various pump rooms
The auxiliary facilities are as follows:
-- air compressor station
-- substation
-- boiler house
-- garage and
-- repair shop
The management and living facilities are as follows:
-- management and main control building
-- canteen
-- bath room and
recycled paper eot.ge and rnin nmeni
18
Fig. 4-1
Canteen ,CL r - nd bath f _a I Admlnistratio ntu ; Space for futurA j, and bu Iin conto Iding
V ure sa~~~~~~~~L9J 1 inj.c.....nt J uld_ C~~~~~~Lhird stage treatent F] ila I
Primary clarifier Doming roomtank
Living savageaUR
XibugouHake-up waterpump rood
LIZZJSludge mjle r tank/ : time
Garage and repair shop Dller room Substation
Exceme water dischargedinto Xibuxou duringpeaking tipe
Arrangement of STP in plan
-- living building.
4.2.2 Technical flowsheet of STP
The technical flowsheet of the STP is shown in Figure
4-2.
The sewage water diverted from Xibugou is screened to
remove large floating and suspended matters, in order
to prevent the blockage of pumps and damage on
downstream equipment. The screened off matters are
then transported out by belt together with the matter
removed from the matter removing box conveyer, after
> > dewatering. After that, they will be put into the
yard. The coagulant (FeC13 or Al%(SO)3 and flocculant
(ployacrylamide) are dosed into the screened water
before it comes into the screw pump which raises the
water into the flocculating tank to make sufficient
contact of the hydrolysis products of chemicals with
the insoluble matters to form relatively large
precipitate. Then the water comes into the matter
removing box, in which the water is stirred by 4
mechanically drived paddles. The bottom water is
stable and all the flocculated matters settle down.
The sludge there will be transported pneumatically.
after that, the coagulant and flocculant are reduced
into the water before it comes into the first stage
clarifier tank where settling is made. And then the
clarified water is pressurized by pump and trsferred
through the fast filter. At last most of the cleaned
water is sent to--users while the rest is directly
recvcled paper 1oIog and mirmnIment
i 9 | , !-1
I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Fig. 4-2
3~~~~~~~~
3 _ t - e~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~hemica doming
lounge I IOU Kibugas Watider Itwuegot I u'
fro libndp fromt roul* se;tdeWld 3
small quentit* dinubarged back to libugsgL4C?- ~~~~~~after canguinting and nettling
Dhbcription
(I) *crxen 4 16 Seud acreu davetertng 1111 ltLrrer_ dlowse*nd e evreder
R6) largeICEF 1181 lNudea pumplugeIS) Vlaaeu idling ui Sludge pee (IS UnI li1Wftelr|
tank on14) Hmatter t) sludge lun gII) rnurlnation ui)
rne-vlU hem puap .teti.n
to, PtuiSri 1101 sludge 11) Lit Sludge ttrnsperted
nleritier piuig t out
tank
Processing progras of STP
36
discharged into Xibugou. The backwashing water from
the filter goes into the clarifier tank. The settled
sludge and floating matters are pumped into the sewage
mixing pot where they are stirred.
Then flocculant is dosed before they are transferred by
sludge pump into the filter press.
4.3 Water Dispatch Works
The water after treatment in the STP will be reused as
water source. The flow of the reused water is 168 x
1000 t/d. In which 120 x 1000 t/d will be used by 'the
mine and 48 x 1000 t/d by the heavy plate mill plant.
The reused water is dispatched to the users. For this
through the pump station and a 6000 meters water line
will be built up.
4.4 Technical research of STP
4.4.1 Determination of Treatment Capacity
Xibugou is the main branch of Yunliang River, and is an
industrial sewage discharge channel. It's flow is 45.6%
(-if that of Yunliang River. If there is nD y run-off,
the flow of Xibugou mainly depends on the industrial
sewage discharge-amount. Only a small amounts of living
sewage comes into Xibugou. The information about the
V 'tit fflowrate of Xibugou has been got by long-period
automatic detecting. To determine the feasibility of
the treatment capacity of the STP, the hydrological
analysis of the information about the flow in the
typical rainy and dry year and month and day in recent
years has been made. The results are listed in Tablerecycled paper p ebcWr and rnwin,nment
4-1.~~~~A. bu\ MfA 0 t'bS4- 1 - ;0~ ~ -~ -
4-1.~ ~ -
It is seen from Tatre 4-1 that the average hourly flow,
the monthly average hourly flow or the year average
hourly flow is within 7875-8226 .3/h, regardless of
rainy or-dry season. It is realized that after the
analysis of the flowrate curves, 8000 m3/h in the
feasibility study of Xibu No.1 STP of Anshan as the
near-future flowrate is obtained by scientific analysis
of a lot of surveying data. The quantities of
industrial and living sewage discharged in 1991, 1995
and 2000 has been predicted according to the
development of city and industry, which are planned in
Harnessing Plan", detailed in table 4-2. From table
4-2, the waste water into Xibugou will incse 4
220,600 m3/d form 1990 to 2000, i.e. b1 the to - ^
flowrate of Yunliang river will increase
correspondingly. The capacity of STP defined as 220,000
m3/d will fulfill the development zompletely. C 4 l
4.4.2 Determination of Concentration of Main Pollutants in
Water To Be Treated
To solve the problem of pollution of the Xibu water net
in Anshan City, the Anshan Urban Reconstruction Project
Office and the Environment Protection Monitor Station
of Anshan Iron and Steel Company works together to
survey the pollution sources, water usage, waste water
discharge and extent of polluted water in this water
net and detected more than 40 of pollutants at
the fixed cross section from 1Nov. 990.
recvcled oaper crulop and rnvinrnmenn
21
Table 4-1 Flow of Xibugou In Different Periods- -15 vr - - - I - , . , ,T
I1 1 1 Average Flow M Ibx. Exceedance I Ibx. Loss Below I Average Daily I Discrete IKQ I Date I escriptiom I (mg/h) I Above Average Flow I Average Flow I Flov (ng/d) I Coefficient (Cv) I
1 ~ ~ ~ 1 1 (.3) I (I. 1 1I--- 1 ~__ __ _ - - I * II I . I
I I Aug. 8.1989 I Rainy Season, Day 1 7909 I 2856 1 1636 I 191976 1 0.0596 1- t----I _-. -- l-_- I I* I . .I* I
2 IDLNx. 8,1989 IDry Season, Day I 8510 I 1316 1 1339 1 204384 1 0.0237 1..-.-..-.-.- I---.--.---------.-.- -1-I _ I I I. . I
3 1 I.il. 8,1900 I Rainy Season, Day I 7875 1 3051 1 1868 1 189000 1 0.0417 1- 1-- 1-- - 1 - ~ ~ ~~~~I _- *I I I
4 D eC. 8,1990 I Dry Season, Day 1 7972 1 2296 1 1208 1 192302 1 0.0352 1I- 1-- --1--*-----*--- 1- 1 1 -- I I
5 lAtin. 8.1991 I Rainy Season, Day 1 7912 1 22D8 1 1608 1 190104 1 0.0344
6 I Dke. 8,1991 I Dry Season, Day 1 8514 1 2086 1 1370 1 204336 1 0.02511.------ 1 H-- ------ I --- I
7 IDuc. .1989 IDry Season, lknth I 8130 1 598 1 821 1 19i120 1 0.01491.--1-*--*~---*------ -- I _4 1
8 1 Ag. .1911 I Rainy Season, tkmnth 1 8116 I 1248 1 510 I 194784 I 0.0189 1---I- -I I t* -- 1 9 1 uc. .1991 I Dry Season, Day I 8461 1 1248 1240 203064 0.0230
I I Flow changes aL 01.10 17901 at 01 o'clock I I 0.07 at 01 o'clockI10 A Aug. .1991 land 19 o'clock within 18259 at 10 o'cliok I I1 0.0609 at 10 o'clock I
I IC days In rainy season 8198 at 10 o'clock I I 1 0.0530 at 19 o'clock I---- 1-- I I I I tI I
I Flow changes at 01,10 18233 at 01 o'clock I I 10.0428 at 01 o'clock I11 Dec. .1991 Ilund 10 o'clock within 1 8828 at 10 o'clock I I I I 0.0418 at 10 o'clock I
11 1122 days in dry season 1 8052 at 19 o'clock I I I I 0.0501 at 19 o'clock I
12 1 1991 1 Yearly I 8250 I 1 1 1 1.aI._._,_._.__ I ..
I, ,
Table 4-2 Prediction of Sewage Discharge Amounts To Xibugou
I I Discharge Amount. I (102 m /d)>
AccePtant Waters F - ,I In 1990 In 1995 In 2000
I Industrial I 321.0 I 338.7 I 332.4I I Sewage
I *. .. .§ I Living I 99.8 I 127-0 I 146.2 I
I Yunliang. I Sewage I I .River + f I
I I Total I 420.8 I 465.7 I 478.6I I DischargeI I. . . . "I I Increase I I 106.7 1 133.7
I ~~~I (") I I I I
; I Industrial I 178.4 I 196.4 I 201.4
I I Sewage
I l Living I 13.6 I 16.0 l 19-2 II Xibugou I SewageI Stream I * I I-
I g Total I 192.0 1 212.4 I 220.6.1 I Discharge
I Increase I I 106.3 I 149.0I'I x I I I IF + I .IPercentage of SewageI Discharge of Xibugou to that 1 456.3 I 456.1 I 460.9[of Yunliang River (x)
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .1 ._ _ _ _ .
0
recvcled Daner 23 rolog% and enoironment
And based on this survey, the Report of the Research
and Assessment of pollution sources in Xibu Water Net
Item has been made;
According to the report, this water net consists of the.
rivers that mainly accept industrial sewage. In these
rivers, the flowrates have only a small change in the
normal season and dry season. If the industrial
production is stable, the discharge is also stable. So
the results got from detection made in normal season
can also shows the situation in dry season. Anshan
district is located in the Temperature Zone, and its
rainy season is in summer. Therefore, it is decided
that the monitor and detection should be made during
the rainy season to know the pollution situation in
this district. The detection was carried out on June 13
and 27, Jul. 19, Oct. 8 and 15, and Nov. 2, 3 and. 5
(total 8 days). The results see Table 4-3. It is found
from Table 4-3 that the main pollutants beyond the
relevant standards in the water in Xibugou are SS, COD
, Oil, volatile phenol, cyanide, Hg, Ca+2 and Cd . The
quality of the water to be treated in the STP will be
determined based on the data in Table 4-3.
4.4.3 Character of Sewage To Be Treated
The character of sewage in Xibugou is as follows:
(1) High .'owrate of sewage (8000 m3/h).
(2) The components in sewage is very complicated: it
contains organic pollutants, many kinds of inorganic
matters, some of it in solution and some in suspending
recvcled Paper e..4gs and cnwimnnirwit
24
Table 4-3 Polluted Vater Quality. Assessment Standards wnd Reached Stanards
r:ted pil Volatible Cyanide Petroleum SS (Jkr DO Hllj-H Nitrate H Ion-Inoized Condictivirw Full Salt Total Hethvl Carbiwate Tur- S - POj For - Phenol H Amnia ij S/ca) Hares Orance Kardevdm bidity
Alkaliny
cted 7.8 0.412 0.223 5.3 1052 89 3.07 15.8 1.12 0.22 1.06 88u 41 374 172 1I4 94 0.1 223 1.7
18-88 6-9 0.1 0.2. I 25 2 - 25 1 0.2 - - - - - - - 250 1.5,p V
i84-85 5.5-8.5 3 1 10 - - - - - - - 1000 - - - _ I _ 3.04,1 1
ird 4/ x K K K K 4/' V/ / X V/ V 4/ 4 / / xlied
Ci lIg Ca4 Cr G G: Cu3 Pb' Cd-'2 ZnA iH,2 Fe Fe As P Blj' Total Coil- Vatertotal total solved Nuber up Teertwre
of per ml (It)Germs/
ml
ctod 83 1.5 x 10 139 60 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.008 0.07 140 0.9 0.3 0.04 0.18 10.3 3800 24 28
i:1-88 250 0.001 - - - 0.1 1 0.1 0.01 2 I - I 0.1 0.2 10 - 10000 -'p V
184-85 .200 0.001 - - - 0.1 1 0.5 0.002 2 - - - 0.05 - - - 10000 35
dhard l/ x x V 4/ 4/I/ 4/ x 4 4/ V V 4 4 4hed1
lIotes 1. Unit w/le except dll value.3 2. V - Ites standard reached, X - Item starderd beyond.' 3. GB 3838-88 represents "'nvironmental Quality Standards Surfece Vater."4. GB 5084-85 represents "Standbrd for Irrisatilon Vater Quality."
state, and some in finely divided state.
(3) The biochemical degradability of the sewage is low.
(4) The main pollutants in the polluted water are
petroleums, SS, COIkr , volatile phenols and heavy metal
Hg.
(5) Because the waste waters are discharged continuously,
the water quantity and quality vary as the production
processes vary.
(6) Because the waste waters come from several plants and
mixed in Xibugou, both the pollutants contained and
concentrations are quite different, it will decrease
the concentrations of some pollutants and cause
difficulties in treatment.
4.4.4 Research and Determination of Sewage Treatment Process
recvcled DaDer rumlog' and ensinmnmenw
26
(1I Research of Sewage Treatment Process
The informations of many years detection shows that the
main pollutants in the sewage of Xibugou are SS, CODcr,
Hg, petroleums and volatile phenol. In this district
there is shortage in water source, so that the cleaned
water after treatment will be reused and should meet
the requirements of different uses, that is, should be
accorded with different water quality standards: the
discharged with water must meet the "Environmental
Quality Standards for Surface Water" Group V and the
Standards for Irrigation Water Quality-Group I, and the
reused water must meet the requirements of the
industrial circulating water and industrial make-up
water. This gives strict requirements to the sewage
treatment process for Xibugou.
The sewage with volatible phenols are mainly discharged
from the coke making plant, it is more economic to
control the polluting source within the coke making
plant.
The Hg in the water cones along with the sulphuric acid
manufactured by Huludao Sulphuric Acid Plant, so this
kinds of sulphuric acid should not be used any more.
In this case, the concentration of volatible phenol
and Hg can largely be decreased, and the treatment
process can be simplified.
Usually, the harmless treatment of polluted water with
biological method is more economic than by any other
methods. It means that if it is possible, the
recvcled paper nuogi and rnwinsnninm
27
biological method should considered first.
However, the feasibility of biological treatment method
of the polluted water depends on the contents in the
water and the living conditions for the microorganism.
To determine the feasibility, the ratio of BOD5 to
CODcr must be estimated. From the ratio, we can know
the percentage of the organic matters in the polluted
water that can be degradated biologically to the total
organic matters in the water.
In practical projects, the following table can be used
to assess the feasibility of the biological method.
Table 4-4
Reference Value for Assessment of
Feasibility of Industrial Sewage
by Biological Treatment method
…---------------------------------------------____-----------
BOD5/CODcr(%) >45 >30 <30 <25
…__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Feasibility of
Biological Feasible Possible Difficult. Impossible
Treatment method
…------------------------------------------------------------
Based on the values of BOD5 and CODcr in Table 4-3, in
Xibugou BOD5/CODcr=11.6%, which shows that the
biological degradability of the polluted water inrecvcled Paper mI.mg% and emirunmenn
28
Xibugou is very low, and so it is not suitable to use
the biological method.
To determine the treatment process of the polluted
water, a static tests with physical and chemical
treatment methods have been made.
Based on analysis and survey of the quality of polluted
water in Xibugou and the standards should be reached
after treatment, and in comparison with the similar
existing plants, the static tests with physico-chemical
methods (presettling, coagulative precipitation and
fast filtering) have been made. The results are listed
in Table 4-5.
recycled paper rn*kM% and enirenment
29
Table4-5Resultant Values from Aralysis Under Best Conditioris
Polluted WaLer Water Water Standard of Erivironmentalwat.er in QUality. Quality after QUality Field 'Irriga- Qiiality Standards
Item Xibugou After Coagulative After tion Water for Surface WaterPresettle settle Filtering (GB5084-85) ((lB3838-88)
Pil 8.37 8.37 8.01 7.87 5.8--8.5 6--9
oils 3.0 3.0 0.8 9 5.0
Suspen- 749 414 33 17sians
Chemical 131 124 76 25Ox yger,Demand
rotal 808 B16 800 784 c 1000salts(CODcr)
lTotalIlardness 273.3 292.3 275.9 278.5
Cl- 136.5 143.6 134.75 < 201) 250
F - 3.31 3.30 < 3.0 1.5
Phenol 0.84 1.64 < 3.0 0.1
Coliba- 120 95 1000 10003 cillus/1
Cr+6 0.016 0.04 ' 0.1 0.1
Cul 0.011 0.016 0.064 0.0222 < 1.0 10
Cd 0.002 0.002 c 0.002 0.01
Zn 0.904 0.004 < 7.0 2.0
CN- 1.870 0.924 < 1.0 0.2--- ___-_ __ -_ - - --_---___-_- - -- - - -- -_ _ _- - ---__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _---__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
It is seen from Table 4-5 that, although the values in
the table do not exactly coincide with the quality value
of water coming from each treating facility unit and
the average value obtained from detections in many
years, differences exist their owing to the errors from
analyses. however the effect of each facility unit
(presettling coagulative settling and filtering)
cleaning the polluted water from Xibugou is very
obvious.
The concentration of each pollutant, after polluted
water being presettled, is decreased to different
extent. Then, the fine suspension particles that can
not be settled during presettling, are formed into
large sizes of alum coagulated masses, which carry and
absorb part of petroleums and CODcr in the polluted
water. Then, the water, coming from the coagulating
facility, is filtered, the water quality is improved
further, and the water becomes clear without peculiar
smell.
The requirements of CODcr, hardness and total salts in
the reused water are more strict.
However, the coagulative settling and filtering process
has limited effect to removing the solved matters.
So that, the water needs further treatment.
(2) Determination of Pol-luted Water Treatment Programme
Xibugou sewage contains mainly suspension pollutants,
petroleums and CODcr. Based on the analysis of the
results got from the static tests, the treatment
recycled oaper cerukM and rnirionawnt
31
programme is as follows:
a)It is difficult to use the biochemical method to
treat *the sewage in Xibugou, to meet the requirements
of reused water so the physico-chemical treatment will
be used.
b)The best treatment programme and data obtained from the
tests for removing SS, petroleums and CODcr are as
follows:
The best dosing for coagulative settling is:
FeC13 20 mg/l
A12(SO4)3 20 mg/l
Polyacrylamide 0.4 mg/l
The stirring period is 15 min. The settling time is 90
min. The percentage of SS removed is 92%, that of
petroleum removed is 75%, and that of removed CODcr and
Ca are 39% and 57.8% respectively. This shows that the
coagulative settling method has good result, so this
method will be used. The' filtering materials will be
double layers: one of them is quartz sand and the other .
is anthracite. The filter speed is 40 m/h.
4.5 Impact Factors of STP on Environment
The main impact factors of the STP on the environment
are the smoke and slag from the boilers, the bad smellva&a A40y " P,.J-
from the polluted water, the noise produced by pumps
and the sludge from the treatment.
One 2.8xl0 kJ/s hot water boiler is used for heating in
the plant and one 0.5 t/h steam boiler is used for
supplying steam for the canteen, bathroom and meal
recvcled paper rculug% *nd ensinenmemn
32
reheater uses.
The annual coal consumption of the boilers is about
3860t. The c.oal consumptions of the heating boiler and
the living service boiler are 855.5 kg/h and 88.7 kg/h
respectively.
4.5.1 Atmospheric Pollutants
(1) Boiler Smoke
Based on the calculation, the total amount of S02
produced by burning coal in the boilers is 19.2 kg/h.
The heating boiler produces 17.4 kg/h, and the living
service boiler 1.8 kg/h. The smoke is discharged out
through two 30-meter high chimneys.
The smoke with dust produced by the boilers is dedusted
by the ceramic dust collectors and then is discharged
into atmosphere. The efficiency of the dust collector
is 99%. The dust concentration in the final discharged
smoke is C 300 mg/Nm3, and the amount of discharged
dust is about 1.1 kg/h.
(2) Bad Smell
The No.1 STP collects the sewage from many tens of
enterprises as- well as a small amount from living
sewage. Since some of the sewage comes from the coke
making plant and the rolling mills, the sewage emits
slight bad smell. N r
4.5.2 Noise
The noise is produced by pumps, dust collectors and air
compressors. There are 60 water pumps, 2 dust collector
fans and 4 4L-20/8 air compressors (2 of them are stand
recycled oaDer crnIobe nnd nmiri nw-
by) in the STP.
The noise from the pumps and fans is 86-92 dB (A), so
they will be installed in the sound-proof rooms.
The noise from the air compressors is about 100 dB(A),
so the compressors will be installed in the sound-proof
room, and will be equipped with silencers at air inlet.
The noise level outside the rooms after treatment is <
85 dB (A). A* L."' 5° . C
4.5.3 Sludge and Waste petroleums
The STP will collect SS and petroleums from the sewage.
So 343 tons/d of sludge will be produced at beginning U,A'
of operation of the STP, and 394 tons/d will be
produced when the final capacity is reached. Besides, a
small amount of slag is produced from the boilers and
small amount of dust is out of the dust collectors.
4.6 Water Flow Balance of STP Under Different Conditions
Like all rivers, the flowrate of Yunliang River depends
on the natural and man-made factors (such as incoming
water, rain and permeable leakage, evaporation, and
irrigation).
To describe the flow balance of Xibugou under different
conditions clearly, we will describe it by three
periods: near future, middle future and far future,
Each period has under four conditions:
-- Without rain and irrigation,
- -- Without rain but with irrigation,
-- With rain but without irrigation, and
-- With rain and irrigation.
recvcled paper ewuIoas and rninm,nent
34
The principle of the water flow balance is to ease up
the shortage of water source in Anshan, i.e. to reuse
most of the cleaned water, and at the same time to keep
the water flow needed for irrigation in this area and*J~ i_tc -s H-
maintain the minimum flowrate of the river in non-
irrigation season to prevent the secondary pollution
and the river from being dried up.
Therefore, the flow of the reused water will be reduced
during irrigation to meet the demand for irrigation
water. The reduction of reused water during irrigation
enables to stabilize the water quality. This is )h>'because, in this season, make-up water can substitute|
some of the reused water.
The water flow balances. at the 3 periods and under
different conditions are shown in Table 4-6. For the
after flow balances-under conditions "without rain but
with irrigation" and "without both rain and irrigation"
see Figures 4-3 and 4-4.
4.7 STP Construction Plan and its Expected Effects
recvcled caper eng,Iuu and eu,intnnn
35
Figure 4-3
Flow ot industrial sewage Flow of living sewage ofof Xibugou B Xibugou C
Leaked water Collected sewageduring flowing flow in the sec-.
D tion of Xibugou Evaporated waterto be treated BIC during flowing E
0C watl \05 = evaporated water
4 | leaked esen STP G
4i leaked ~ ~ ~ inlOlO a/
otionin S F ow into -
w-ater K _ Water Water inN eardischarged sludge I
- - -into Xibugou -
Year oCeaned 7a5erreusedJ
in lOxIO' m3/d
3- - - - ICH
Future f7*5 f-" 4*'j'1-aot|g |-"
20D00Z._ HH g3
recycIeK paper Flow balance in section of XibugQm,gtgdb&Aam&tedunder condition with irrigation, but without rain
Figure 4-4
Flow of industrial Flow of livingsewage in Xibugou B sewage in Xibugou C
Leaked water Collected waterduring flowing D in section
of Xibugou to Evaporatedbe treated B+C water during
s r _ ~~~~flowing E
0*
.C @ | _ Evaporatedcd to1lekd water in STP Ges leaked
o y wate r.
c S CinTP F Flow into
I - \
,- Water \ Water indischarged sludge I
into Xibugou H r
cleaned waterreused J
In lOxlO, m3/d
Descri- A B C- D E F G - I T.ptionA C J FG
Near 6400 rS O. ° a0j aaa
Year 2 E5 6J o 2000 zcoZS5{#7aE ° fA v .G6roc
Flow balance in section of Xibugou to be treated undercondition without rain and irrigation
recvcled maper rrolug% and inwinmnrns
p Ir C
X Table 4-6 Dlttribution of Lnaip,Tejf nln, e mSJi) .n
l.erods Treating Non-irrigation season Irrigation season
Capacity Without rain With raLn Without rain with rain
Reused Discharged Reused Discharged Reused Irrigation Discharged Reused Irrigation Discharged
water water water water water water water water water water
'lear 19--0 165.00 23.80 168.00 99.02 130.00 53.30 8.34 168.00 53.30 35.72
1luture
1995 2l.24 186.00 26.19 186.00 91.41 152.00 53.3C 6.89 186.00 53;30 38.11
2000 '20.0 193.00 26.78 193.00 92.00 160.00 53.30 6.48 193.00 53.30 38.70
…
2
The construction of the STP will be started in 1993,
and it will be put into operation in 1996. The
construction will last 3 years, and it is required that
the STP will reach the design capacity and the water
quality will reach the standards in the same year when
it is put into operation.
The concentration of the main pollutants (SS, CODcr,
petroleums volatible phenol) in the water in Xibugou
will be obviously reducep after treatment, and that of,
the others is also reduced. Thus the water quality will
be improved largely, and the water will become clear
without any bad smell. The requirements of irrigation
water and reused water can be met.
The water quality before and after treatment are shown
in Table 4-7.
Table 4-7 ^t4
PollutantsQuality ----------------------------------------------------------
pH SS CODcr roluem TFe Carbonate(mg/1) (mg/l) '0g/l) (mg/i) Hardness
(mg/1)
Before 7.8 1052 89 24 0.2 184Treatment
Reused 7.8 17 78 1.3 0.73 115.1water
Purity(%) - 98.4 12.4 94.6 18.9 37.4
Dischar- 8.1 48 1.4 1:25 157.6ged
Purity - 95.4 12.4 94.2 - 14.3
z i7i~~~~~~~~~'recycled' paper dfr f
4.8 Reasonability Analysis of STP
4.8.1 Reasonability Analysis of STP Site and Ge eral Layout
(1) Reasonability Analysis of STP Site
The site of Xibu No.1 Sewage Treatment P ant of Anshan
city will be located on the west of the t ilings pit of
Anshan Iron and Steel Co., which has been discarded.
The site area is a smooth terrain. The ar a occupied by
it is 175x10#m2.
The polluted water in Xibugou is mainly industrial and
living sewage from AISC. This STP can collect the main
pollutants in the sewage in Xibugou. Owing to the site
of STP is selected near the upper head of Xibugou, the
reused water pipeline will not be too long, so as it
will benefit to capital investment and operation cost
both; and the water quality flowing in Xibugou will be
changed, the polluted water section will be shortened
(only before STP), and the treated water will become
the main course.
ti) S The site of STP is near AISC, and so it is convenient
to get power, water and communication from AISC.
Al this shows the selected site of STP is reasonable.
(2) Reasonability Analysis of General Layout of STP
a)Layout in Plan
For the layout in plan see Figure 4-1.
There will be an entrance and an exit for the sewage
treatment plant. A circular road and intershop main
roads will be built in the plant for transportation.
According to the STP process flow, the screen, screw
recycled paper e%Z% and enviunnment
38
pumps, coagulating tank, waste removing box, clarifying
pool, booster house, and filter will be arranged on a
straight line. The arrangement is reasonable, and the
process flow is smooth.
The chemical dosing room, the solid waste collector
station and the sludge treatment facility are located
near the water dispose line, which make the operation
-convenient and reduces the investment.
b)Vertical.Arrangement / d 1*l *For the vertical arrangement, the water will
flow through the line by gravity After the
polluted water comes into the STP, it is raised into
the coagulating tank by the screw pump.
Then, it flows through each facility by gravity, so
that the primary investment and the operation cost can
be reduced.
Therefore, the general layout of the STP is reasonable.
(3) Reasonability Analysis of Sanitary Protection Space of
STP
The sanitary protection space means the min. distance
between the boundrarys of the unit producing hazard
factor and the boundarys of the living are? jrThe
ceramic multi-tube dust-collectors are used to clean
the smoke from the boilers of the STP. The smoke after
cleaning contains the S02 an dust with low
concentration. 5 .-)
The slight bad smell emits from the industrial sewage,
and is much different from the bad smell from the
recycled iaper 39 ebicg. and rniru.,um-...
living sewage, so the smell fr m the polluted water to
be treated has limited effect on the environment. The
noise of the STP is mainly produced by the pumps, fans
and air compressors. Measures will be taken to insulate
the sound from these machines, so there will be little
impact of noise on the environment. The nearest living
area is Dayingpan, which is 400 meters from the STP
boundary.
This distance is much larger than the sanitary
protection space. So the sanitary protection space of
the STP is reasonable.
4.8.2 Analysis of Relationship Between Reuse of Treated
Water, Irrigation with Treated Water, and Original
Water Source
(1) Possibility Analysis of Reusing Water in Xibugou After
Treatment
In the near future, the STP will treat 192X10) tons of
polluted water per day. Of it, 120x10 t/d will be
reused for the ore beneficiation plant, 48x103 t/d will
3 obe reused for the plate mill, and 24x10 t/d will be
discharged. The hardness of the water after treatment 13%I
is relatively high, and easily causes scale deposit- in
the pipes; The concentration of chloride in the water
after treatment is too high. It can pit the steel strip
being cooled on the mill run-out table, chlorinate and
corrode pipes. Therefore, the reused water will be
retreated further. For this, lime will be dosed into
the reused water to lower down the hardness and the
recvcled vaper 40 eiuloc% and enignmmni
concentration of chloride.The or6 beneficiation process
require's relatively high'temperature water. The
temperature of the polluted water in Xibugou is high,
therefore it will be beneficial to energy saving.
(2) Possibility Analysis of Use of Xibugou Water For
Irrigation After Treatment
The polluted water running along Xibugou has very heavy
pollutant load, and it pollutes the waters in Yunliang
river and Taizi River Anshan Section very heavily. Over
10,000 mu (lmu=666.6 m2) of farmland that produces
almost 10,000 tons of rice per year are irrigated with
Xibugou water. Because the soil is polluted by
petroleum and heavy metal in the water, the soil
quality are becoming worse, and its fertility is
reudced.
The rice produced there contains more petroleum than
the compared standard rice, and the vegetables-are also
polluted to different extents. The quality of the water
from Xibugou after treatment can reach the standards
for irrigation made by Liaoning Province. The *use of
the water after treatment for irrigation will reduce or
eliminate the pollution to the farmland and the-
potential hazard of heavy metal to the crops. [(3) Analysis of Relationship Between reuse of Trbated
Water, Irrigation with Treated Water, and the Original
Water Source.
It is important that whether or not the reuse of
treated water from Xibugou will effect the irrigation
recycled paper 41 tinIog% and emninmmmen
and the make up water to underground water.
As mentioned above, farmland directly irrigated by
Xibugou water is 10,000 mu. Each mu consumes 800 m3 of
water a year, that is, all the area consumes 8 million.
m3 a year.
However, this consumption i s concentrated in 5-months
irrigation period, and the monthly average consumption
in this period is 160.OxlO m3, the dayly av rage
consumption is 53xlO;m3. ,4CAP6 ia dt4tThe 168X10 m3/d water af reatment will be reused,
and only 24x0 3 m3/ / for irrigation. In this case(td<
the water reused for the plate mill must be reduced to
10xl 3 m3/d in the irrigation season so as to meet the
4On /requirement of irrigation and also prevent the river
,a from being dried up. Instead, make-up water can be
added to the plate mill water system to adjust its
water quality.
4.9 Analysis of Sludge From STP
4.9.1 Amount of Sludge Produced and Its contents
The polluted water in Xibugou contains 1052 mg/1.of SS
(average), and the SS will be reduced to 17 mg/l. The
difference between them is the amount of settled
sludge.
Also, the coagulatant and flocculatant will be dosed
during the water treatment. The doses of them. will be
40 mg/l and 0.4 mg/l respectively and they are all
settled down into the sludge, i.e. the sludge contains
the dosed agents.
recvcled oaper 42 rttngbi and enmin.nment
The water content in the sludge is 39.8%. The sludge
amount will be calculated based on the 3 periods, and
the results are as follows:
…------------------------------------------------------------
Period Amount of Treated Sludge Amount
Water (m3/d) (t/d)
…------------------------------------------------------------
1990 192xlO \ 343.0
1995 212.4x103 379.4
2000 220.6xlO 394.1
Except the dosed agents, the contents in the sludge
produced from the STP are the same as in the existing
mud in Xibugou. The mud contents of Xibugou are listed
in table 4-8.
Table 4-8 composition of mud from Xibugou (western channel)
----------------------------------------------------------- __-------
Composition SiO2 A1203 TFe FeO Fe2O3 CaO Mgo MnO
Contents (%) 24.04 1.39 21.56 7.19 22.83 15.48 1.05 0.13
Composition P F S Zn Pb Cr Cu
Content {X) 0.16 0.02 0.16 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.003
recycled paper 4 emeogr and eniI
4.9.2 Disposal Method of Sludge
The matters, removed by the screen and the removing
box, contains' a less water, so they are directly
transported out after being collected. The sludge and
floating matters from the clarifier tank will be sent
by the sludge pump into the sludge mixing pot where
they are stirred and mixed. Then the sludge is sent
onto the belt filter press to become filter cakes
before being transported out into Heniuz ang sludge
disposal field (yard).
4.9.3 Sludge Transportation Line and Carriers
,~ce a4
recvcfed naper 44 twslug% and rninsument
350t of sludge (water content 39.8%) should be
transported out from the STP for disposal every day in
the near future.The Heiniuzhuang sludge field,which is
northeast about 11 km from the STP and can accept the
sludge produced by the STP every day.
For transportation of the sludge, 6 lorries (Dongfeng
EQ3 H-1 type) 'and 1 loader will be employed.However,
Anshan City and AISC lies between the STP and the
Heiniuzhuang Sludge Field.In order that the load on the
road traffic of Anshan City and AISC will not be in
creased and that city will not be polluted by the
sludge transportation, the lorries will run along the
existing simply-built road which is laid on the
northwest side of AISC.The transportation distance is
15 km.The lorries carrying sludge will run through
Liantaizi, XiaoYingpan, Chengangbao, Qiangang, Hougang,
Dahongqi, Houjiatum, and Heiniuzhuang and then arrive
to sludge field.
4.10 STP A-ea rainwater Collecting System.
The rainwater in the STP area will be collected by the
open channel by the roads and then is discharged
through the discharge outlet into Xibugou.
4.11 Management and Supervision of STP
There will be a technical department in the STP.This
department will employ 4 persons responsible for the
technical supervision and management of the STP
operation.
There will also be a detection and analysis lab,where
recvcled oaper 45 cruloe and eninsnmrnt
27 persons will be employed.
5. Existing Environment Situation of Project Area.
5.1 Natural Environment
5.1.1 Position and Topography
The STP is located in the west side of Anshan City and
is adjacent to AISC .The position of STP is shown in
Figure 2-2.The STP site. area is level,and its elevation
is between 15.9m and 16.2 meters above sea level.
5.1.2 Climate and Meteorology
Anshan is in the Temperate Zone, and its climate is
semimoist.The annual average of temperature is 8.7
C,with the highest temperature of 38.4 °C and the
lowest of -30.4C.The annual average precipitation is
719mm, with the max.precipitation of 994.5mm and the
min.of 479mm. The annual average of evaporation is 1749
mm.The annual average of relative humidity is 63%.The
prevailing wind is southern wind in summer, and
northern in winter.The annual verage of wind speed
3.7m/s,with the max.wind speed of 58/ b cx.uue5.1.3 Surface Water Net ,
Taizi River is one of main rivers in Liaoning
province.It begins from the mountains in the east part
of Liaoning province, runs through Xinbin County,Benxi
City,Liaoyang City and Anshan City,and joins Hun River
and Daliao River at Sanchahekou.Finally, Daliao River
comes into Bohai Sea.The total length of Taizi River is
413 km.The Anshan surface water net consists of Taizi
recvcled paper 46 dXs and enirn.nnwnt
A, 4MA'aW'
River Anshan section and 3 branches (Yangliu
River,Yunliang River and Nansha River).The Taizi River
Anshan section is the river section from Xiakouzi in
Liaoyang County (where the Nansha River joins Taizi
River) to Xiaojiemiao in Haicheng City, nearly 37.5 km
long.
Nansha River rises in Qianshan Mountains, ilows through
the east and north parts of Anshan, and joins Taizi
River at Xiakouzi.This river is 67km long.Its drainage
area is 272 kgm The average flowrate measured in 1988
is 0.617m/s.Yangliu Rive Rises in Pianling Mountains in
Tangjiafang Township, flow through the north part of
Anshan, and joins Taizi, and its drainage area is 225
km.The mouthly average flowrate in the dry season is
0.72mJ's,and the annual average flowrate 4.13 rn/s.
Yunliang River rises in the East Mount in "219 Park",
passes by the 3 discharge streams (Nanbugou, Zhongbugou
and Xibugou),and joins Taizi River at Dataizi.It is 30
km long ,and its drainage area is 86km2.This river
accepts the industrial and living sewage.Floods in the
rainy season occured in its upstream, but there is a
small quantity of water in other seasons.The annual
average sewage discharge in 1988 is 2.127 me3s.
5.1.4 Hydrology and Geology
(1) Geology and Geomohpyology
Anshan City is located in the east side of XiaLiao
River Fracture Valley of middle Cainozoic.The fracture
valley constructed by Yan Mountains Movement is mainly
recvcled paper 47 rumlon and rnwinnmeni
in Northwest.The Quaternary Stratification in this area
has developed a lot, it is very thick and stable.This
stratification is formed by matters accumulated for
long time which brought by Taizi River,Nansha River and.
Yangliu Rive.The thickness of the accumulation is 60-
110 meters with the max.thickness of 160 meters.The
accumulation becomes thicken and thicker form the front
of mamtains to the northwest.The accretion formed by
the 3 rivers and dislocated without clear boundaries.
(2) Underground Water
The conditions of runoff(addition and discharge )of
underground water:
From the dynamic an s of the regulations of under
water in the slope flatland in front of the mountains ,
it is found that changes of the water ground level is
closely related of with the weather.
The water ground level in Yangliu River alluvial fan
changes with the change of the precipitation.The change
of the water levels of the 3 long-term inspection wells
are basically according to the change of the
precipitation. This shows that the precipitation is the
main addition source to the undergound water in this
area.Beside the precipitation, the slope flatlands
accept the addition of the surface water from Yangliu
River, Nansha River and Yunliang Rivers and the
underground runoff.
Now this area is normally irrigated by the water from
Yunliang River and Nansha River.The seeping irrigation
recvded Daper 48 erebgs and riniannmen
water is also added to the underground water in the
Quaternary shallow stratification.
The & 'nage of undergound water is mainly caused by
the industry and agriculture exploitation,and also b
evaporation and the plant transpiration.
5.1.5 Soil
The soil in Songsan irrigation area is classified as
one soil group, two soil subgroups and three soil
genera.
The rice soil in this area has been developed and
formed from the grassy marshland soil on the Liang
River alluvial flatland and alluvial mother mate ials
where rice grows and basin irrigation is made for many
years.This is a special type of soil, and it is the
result of 1;he combination of natural factors and human
activities.since the basin irrigation is made to grow
rice, there is little oxygen in the ploughed layer of
the soil.Under this condition, the Fe.3 is reduced into
Fe+2.The soil color becomes grey.It appears as mud.It
is very hard when it is dry, and is muddy when it is
wet.The soil contains rich organmisms.After the
irrigation water is discharged out of the fields in
autumn,the soil is aired, the Fe-2 and Mn compound are
oxidized to form Fe+3 and Mn compounds which are
setlled.They are changed into Fe-Mn rusty spots and
nodules.Because of many years of ploughing under water,
the ploughed layer became the flooded growing
layer.Under the pressure of ploughing and harrowing
recvcled paper 49 enmlafs and enbinninw-i.s
activities and the accumulation of sticky grains ,the
sticky layer with certain thickness with poor
permeability.(This layer is also called the under water
plough layer.)
Especially, this area is flat and low-lying, and the
under ground water level is high(normal depths 1-1.5m).
The bottom soil is coverei with water for a long time
and is under the anaerobic condition.The Fe+3 compound
is reduced into Fe+2 compound .The soil appears in
blue-grey color.The soil structure is spread and
changed into gley layer.Now together witk the
development Songsan irrigation area its vertical
section is obviously with the character of rice soil.
5.2 - tri>s
There are no more animals and plants but rice and a few
scattered trees there in Songsan irrigation area.Due to
the pollutiol4s of water, no fish and shrimp can be
found in Yunliang River.The project is loc%ted in the
industrial area where there are no resti.ng historic
places and beauty scenic spots.
5.3 Socioeconomic Environment
5.3.1 Utilization of Fields around the STP
Songsantaizi Chaoxian Autonomous Town where this
assessment related to mainly grows rice.This town lies-
in the northwest of Jioubao District.The is to the west
of AISC and Tiexi District of Anshan City,to the
southeast of Liaoyang County, and to the north of
Ningyutunt Town and Taiyangqi Town.The total area in
recycled iaper 50 en,Iols and enmi.ment
Songsantaizi is 80287 mm of which 58997.6 mm is the
cultivated land(73.46% of the total area.)
5.3.2 Local. Population Z
There are 9502 families in Songsantaizi with 38 771.
people all together (18748 men and 20023 women).There
are 7537 rural families with 3;933 people. '
In Songsantaizi there are 5 nationalities, Han
nationality ( with 33101 people), Chaoxian nationality
(with 3342 people),Man nationality (with 2144 people),
iii nationality (with 163 people), and Mongol
nationality (with 21 people).The above mentioned
information is got from the Third Census.
5.3.3 Agriculture Economy
There are many kinds of crops in Songsantaizi Town,
including rice, wheat, kaoliang, corn millet, sweet
potato,potato, soybean, bean, sesame, peanut,blue hemp,
rope hemp, chinese medicine plants,vegetables,melons
and lucerme.The sown area of grains and oil crops is
46312 mu.The average production is 399 kg/mu (total
production is 18,475 tons).The annual agriculture
product value in 1985 is 22680 Xle RMB yuan.
5.3.4 Industrial Economy
The enterprises in Songsantaizi township include the
machine manfacturing, metal processing,building
material, food processing,knitting,paper making,and
clothing'.The annual industrial production value in
Songsantai village is 7.5 million RHB yuan.that of
Lisantai Village is 2.8 million Wusantai Village is 6
recycled Daper 51 .reluc% and .nwinenment
rOS
million. a;P A
5.3.5 Communication and Traffic
The STP located at the east side of the intersect of
the An-Liu.highway and the highway to Liaoyang.By going
up the Anliu highway for 1.7km, Xi Jiefang Road is
reached.Therefore, the traffic is very convenient.
6. Present situation about quality of surface water
underground water,atmosphere,soil crops and healthy of
population.
6.1 Surface Water
Three rivers(i.e. Nansha,Yuri Liang and Yangliu river)
empty into Anshan section of Taizi river, Yunliang
river of them has maximum of ta ution.Therev-fkiu-p
totally are 18 enterprises day dis ge volume of
waste water of 420800 m?which converge into Yun Liang
river through western channel(xibugou) Hadagiao fork,
Tiexi Damiao channel middle channel as well southern
channel(Nanbugou).There are 34 enterprises with
discharge volume of 17300mi/d.waste water,which
discharge into Nansha river through Beida channel,
Lishan channel.shuiyuanje channel,shendai
channel,Yilianshan channel Qishuan Tailiangt
channel.There are 10 enterprises who have daily
discharge volume of 152800m 3 which discharge into
Yangliu. river through Sifangtai Channel,Fangshen
chennel etc.The main pollutants in the rivers of the
city area are prtroleum (s).CODcr,BOD5,SS benzene and
recvcled Daper 52 rnoo' and enirenwnl
volatile phenol etc.These waste water contain a large
amount of harmful substances, concentration of which
exceeds the standard of V class surface water to
varying degrees.
Along the Yunliang river there are 78 enterprise
pollution sources, of which there are 14 main pollution
sources such as metaqllurgical plants, NO.1 chemical
plant.Their pollution load ratio account for 73.3% of
total pollution load.While heaviest pollution source
from waterproof channel is Xibugou channel, pollutio-.
load ratio of which is 78.88X and main pollutant is
petroleum(s) and pollution load ratio is 47.82%.
The heavy metal pollution of the Rivers of the Anshan
city is very serious.The waste water receives by
yunliang river per day contain 0.0008t of Hg,0.0007t of
Cd,0.02t of Crg 0.028t of lead,0.24t of Zn, 0.005t of
Cu, and ranked in first place of the three'rivers,while
the yangliu river is ranked in second place, and Nansha
river in third place.Because these rivers are merged
into Anshan section of Taizi river, the heavy metal
pollution of river water of Taizi river after passing
through Anshan section becomes heavier.
The substratum of the river is an important integral
part of the water environment.The substratum is related
closely with water quality,i.e. settlement of
pollutants to the bed can improve the water quality on
one hand and redissolution may deteriorate the quality
of the water on the other hand and the washing of river
recvcledspaper 53 r..t., and en-in.nment
bed by the raining water in rain season can aggravate
the pollution of river water in short term.The
composition of substrata at the outlet of Western
channel and section of Hadagiao bridge across the
yunliang river is shown in table 6-1.
The substratum of the Yunliang river b-ve the following
characteristics.
1.Contents of heavy metals such as Hg Cd,As Cr,Pb and
S,F etc. become higher and higher along the river
course.
2.Because the waste water discharged from metallurgical
enterprises contains large amount of metallurgical
dust, the Fe content in substratum bed at the section
of outlet of Xibugou is as high as 41.32%.
The waste water merged in the western channel contains
large amount of suspended matter, a black precipitate
is formed during transportation, so the channel bed is
cleaning out once a year and its sendiment is deposited
at the side of the river.
6.2 Underground Water
The chemical type of the underground water in the
assessed area is closely related with water quality.The
chemical type of underground water at the major section
of area is HC03-Ca type and partial section is S04-Ca
type and individual point is Cl-Ca type.
All wells with depth < lOm in this area have been
polluted.The annual average of percentage of the wells
which exceeded standard value specified is >5O%,among
recvcled Paper k and rnin,ni
54
them the total hardness(100%), mineralization
(67.78%),SO, (64.5%). Water with poor quality in this
stratum can not used as drinking water.The pressure
wells with depth of 10-40m have been polluted in some
extent and main factor exceeding the standard value is
fluorine(32.69X).The water with poor quality in this
stratum will not used as drinking water also.The
mechanic wells with depth >9Om are not polluted.This
water with good quality can be used as drinking water
source.
The factors, which exceeding standard value, of the
underground water in the area are total
hardness(63.4%), SO*(36.06%), mineralization(35X),
fluorides(33.87%), CL- (24.13%),N03 -N(20.97%),volatile
phenol(3.85%),coliform.bacteria(70%) and total bacteria
(55X). 54k.- v4rJ- 4byt;fi 4h..v_ 4 -74S
Main reasons of pollution of underground water o 4 .
(1) Exceeding of standard values about total hardness SW
mineralization and CL may be caused by the position of
assessed area on the front fo alluvial fan of the Taizi
river and small inclination of landform, fine particles
of stratuem large specific area,slow flowing of
underground water which are related with enriching of
ions of Cr+} Mg,SCV and C1 .This reflect the back
ground value of underground water and are not
contaminated by the industrial waste water.
(2) The points ,where the fluozides exceed the standard
values, are distributed adjacent to the both banks of
recvcled paper 55 re...og% and nvinr.nmtrn
the Tunliang rLves, and related -closely with surface
water, it is suggest that this may be results of
combination of infitration of Yunliang river and
irrigation witlh Yunliang river water.The volatile
phenol is similar to that described.
(3) NOj- N, exceeding the standard value, is related with
sewage discharged from the towns and utilization of
chemical fertilizer.
(4 c The bacteria and coliform group, exceeding lhe standard
values, result from poor sanitary protection and well
water polluted with sanitary sewage.
(5) The water level of the river water of the majority of
river sections for Yunliang river is higher than
underground water level.Under this condition, the river
water makes up to the underground water.From this it
can be known that the main route for polluting of the
underground water is percolation of river bed and
percolation of irrgation of paddy field.
6.3 Atmosphere
6.3.1 Quality of atmosphere environment from the data
obtained from monitoring of Xiao yinpen and Songsantui
where the waste water treatment plant will be located,
,+ can OseekIthe conditions of T.S.P,SO_and NOx in the
atmosphere of the plant site area, which are shown in
table 6-2.
From the table 6-2, it can be seen that the nearby area
of STP has been polluted to some extent by the
pollutants discharged from the metallurgical industy
recycled PaDer 5 6 .i..sInin and eninrnnwn.
Tdstle 6-1 suibstrata of western channel and YVunulang river
unit :ppm
123~;ii' Ir Iri t i;ti I oruatiit I I I III IIIvolat Ile la. irmtter 11g ICd AsICrlC,I Pb Zfi IFe lMn S IF Icn I I
WP'r.,rof,!IC? sectoe I ('0) I I I I I .IIIIIphenol I
-j.ilt let I(Ddrv I 8.06 O . Iii 2.2UG 9 '.69 I3.51 27.0 1 160.0 I300.0 I407200.0 1 690.0 1I 18000 1 300.0 I 0.335 I 0.206
Iwestern I (2abiiri-kant I 8.36 1 0.81 I 1.25 10.60 121.61 30.0 I 110.0 I550.0 I 419200.0 14'20.0 I 1300.0 I 800.0 III
Iclirignel I (ivcerage I 0.21 1 0.46 I 2.01 I 5. 15 I 12.6 1 29.0 1 135.0 4 '25.0 I 413200.0 1 585.0 1 1550.0 1 190.0 III
I I~~~(D1rl' 3.70 0 Io.I12.39 18.5'3I 10.0I31.0I1 140.0 1300.0 I 406200. 0I50. 0 I2300.0 330.0 I0.407IO0.1 1g
I ~~~I (N)Imirinant I7.012 11.112.83 I 5.40 I148.2 I 420.0 I 130.0 I 1230.01 417200.0 1490.0 1 4000.0 I 8.0 II
I ~~I (QYmerage 1 5.36 I 0.61 I 2.61 1 7.00 I 29.1 1 36.0 1 135.0 I 765.0 I4'11700.0 I535. 0 I3150.0 I205.0III
Table 6-2 Concentrat ion of T.S.P. 8O2aNDameasured In winter arnd sunmmer
(Conc-entration unitm'rg/1I)
Imcmoitr ing I Monitoring I Primary Valuie I day' aver'age valueI -
i temis IIIII twn,.tc,red I points I variation I Percentage or Percentuge of
I ~I l exceeding of quota I varziation l exceeding ot quotalII I- riI I r I
I w~~~~ winter Isunmmer I winter I suImmer I winter Isummver I winter I surmmerI
IXiaco'Anapan I0.06--1I.8 0.02-O..47 110.0 I 0 I0.20--0.93 I0.8--o. 19 I 85.7 I 0 ITI -P I- I g*
ISongswntal 0O.0'3-..2.97 I0.04--.I. 10 113.6 I 2.3 I0.26,.1.43 I0.23-,O.51 I 8.1e TI 14 I
IXlaoy'inapan I *.40--40.08 I0 1 0 I0.05-"-0.24 I0.01,0-.03 14.8 I0 1I I ~~~sornosontalI Ia-51,0.39 I -0. 11 I0 I 0 I0.08-,0.21 I0.01--a0402 28.6 Is 0
I IX~~~iac,-InaPan I 4--0.19 IP *- 0.-08 12 I 0 0o.0o-0.06I10.02.-.0.0.4 0 I 0
ISoaisanta I I IP,-0.22 I 0.01--0.l.0I 4i II0.02-0-O13 0.02-0.0.5I 142.3 0
N4ote-To be Jtid:aed oni stanidard or class 11 "Stardard on aJr envirornmental quality
etc. of Anshan city.The main pollutants in the
atmosphere are T.S.P,S02 and NOx from which T.S.P is
serious especially in winter.
6.3.2 Pollution of waste water vapor at Western channel
In case of serious pollution of water body of western
channel and Yunliang river, peculiar smell emitted by
evaporation and stirring of water body surface pollutes
the atmosphere.In order to know the relation between
the composites of this smell and smell threshold value
of the common odorant, the monitoring has been done
respectively (l)at 2 m above water surface of the
automatic monitoring station bridge,(21Western channel
bridge with 2m above water surface of the station and
(3) at the southern side near the water quality
moni o ng station 5m from the bank of the southern
west channel side.The monitoring results are shown
in table 6-3.
From the table it can be seen that the peculiar smell
emitted from water body of western channel contain some
pollution substances such as volatile phf-nol, ammonia,
naphthalene, aniline, hydrogen sulfide etc,but their
concentration is low.and can not f he ciPnvg odor
sense. .Vde-7
6.4 Soil and crops j Od~
6.4.1 Soil
The paddy field in the assessed area is formed by a
meadow soil of alluvial plain of Liaohe river of
developed from planting rice for a long time on the
recvcled Daper 5 8 eush,g% and eninenment
Table 7-1 Prediction of waste vater discharging amount and pollutant discharzing awmntof Yun Liang river and river system in 1990-2000
Hame Source waste water amounti of ten thousand VotibleA naste e3/a Ss COD 60t Petroleue Phenol t6Zn;
e wat_ P
1990 1995 2000 I99 199S 2000 1990 1995 2000 1990 1995 2000 1990 1995 2000 1990 1995 2000 1990 1995 2000 1990 1995 2000
Sanitary 3642 4635 5336 10127.5 13222 15538 5226.3 6823 8018 3041 3970 4666sevage (9.98) (12.70) (14.62)
Hlangver Process 10596 11178 10970 36374 38080 37212 25688 26872 26280 6471 6774 6620 2985 2985 2917 33.69 32.58 31.84 7.33 7.67 7.5 86.53 91.0 88.9
sewage (32.10) (33.87) (33.24)
Total 14238 15813 16306 48501.5 .51302 52750 30894.3 33695 34278 9512 10744 11288 2985 2985 2917 33.69 32.58 31.84 7.33 7.67 ?.5 86.53 91.0 8.9(42.08) (46.57) (47.86)
Sanitary 6673 8712 10274 19489.9 25506 2990 13592.6 17710 20811 6105 7970 9366sevae (18.28) (23.87) (28.15)
item or Process 18613.9 19636 19270 57089 59717 58356 31317 32788 32040 7697 8059 7875 3431 3360 3284 3556 34.33 33.55 14.84 15.53 15.18 191.47 200.86 196.25s-han city sewage
Total 25286.9 28348 29544 76578.9 55223 88257 44909.5 50496 5285 13802 16029 17241 3431 3360 3281 3558 34.33 33.55 14.U4 15.53 15.18 191.47 200.86 196.25(74.68) (83.37) (86.54)
rcentage Sanitawy 54.6 53.2 51.9 52.0 51.8 52.0 38.4 Ui q 38.5 49.8 49.8 49.8VYunliam sewage I_
vercountirg Process 56.9 56.9 56.9 .63.7 63.8 63.8 82.0 82 0 82.0 84.1 84.1 84.1 87.0 88.8 88.8 94.7 94.9 91.9 49.4 49.4 49.4 45.2 45.3 45.3
water sevage
Ahan ity Total 56.3 55.8 55.2 60.7 80.2 59.8 68.8 66.7 64.9 68.9 67.0 65.5 87.0 88.8 88.8 94.7 94.9 94.9 49.4 49.4 49.4 45.2 45.3 45.3
qiarisin Sanitary 1 1.27 1.48 1 1.31 1.53 1 1.30 1.53 1 1.31 1.53data 'f sewaae
'Iiwkil ._ _ _ __________ _________
ar wIti Proess 1 1.06 1.04 1 1.05 1.02 1. 1.05 1.02 1 1.05 1.02 1 0.98 0.96 1 0.97 0.94 1 1.05 1.00 1 1.05 1.02i for2 sevage _ _ _ _ _ _-
ver Tolal I 1.11 1.14 I 1.10 1.13 1 1.12 1.18 1 1.16 1.25 1 0.98 0.96 1 0.97 0.94 I 1.05 1.00 1 1.05 1.02
Note: Numerical unit in blank for waste water amunt' ten thousa O7/d, _ j.4 4 / f , d d ,4qUnit of pollutants disclaring amount; t/tae i4(al r I ou
o~~~~ ,~ iSJ-)tAMA4i i3 L,A
outlet through Hadaqiao and Dataizi. Along the route of
about 30 km, the various pollutant substances are
decreased in various degrees with passage of time
because of action of physical, chemical and biological.
factor such as dilution, diffusion, settlement,
oxidation, biochemical action and absorption along the
bank. In the EIA of expansion project of Anshan Iron
and Steel Company (AISC) the systematic study on self-
purifying capacity about volatile phenol and cyanides
in the 10 hours of degradation at section from Hadaqiao
bridge to Dataizi of the Yunliang river has been done.
The assessment pointed out that the concentration of
pollutants for the river on its self-purifying action
will be decreased automatically with. passage of time
(or distance), it can be expressed by reduction
percentage without regarding the type of mechanism of
pollutant degradation. The removing ratio of five
pollutants in the Yunliang river is shown in the table
7-2.
_~~~~~
recycled paper66 .d.ir.m...
6 6 vnheOandAwnt ..... *
Table 'i-2 Removing ratio (X) of five pollutants in the
Yunliang river with self-purification
-------------------------------------------------------
SectionHadaqiao Dataizi
Pollutants
Ss 10
Volatile phenol 26.
Cyanide 30
Oil 10
CODcr 15-------------------------------------------------------
*The forecasted values and monitoring values of the
unliang river have been compared, and the results are
shown in Fig.7-1. From Fig.7-1 you can see that there
exists a certain difference between the monitoring
values and forecasted values, but the dispersion is
limited. Therefore, the monitoring data obtained for in
1990 is still being used as bases for forecasting in.
the present assessment.
7.1.3 Assessment on impact of waste water on Yunliang river
and Anshan section of Taizi river after putting into
operation of the STP
In order to ensure the performance of the treatment
plant and so the water quality treated, it is important
to keep a stable amount of wastewater flow feeding into
the plant. The proposed project assumed that the
excessive water during rainy time and peak flow period
will be filtrated first and then leading-to the weste
rcce D k da &U7 r
channel through by-pass without further treatment.
In order to express the existing practical situations
of the Yunliang river, the Anshan section of Taizi
river and the various pollution resources and to
simulate and forecast the effect and improvement to the
two rivers of the STP project under normal conditions
(i.e. 87.5% treated water reused, 12.5% returned to
western channel), based on the serial data in normal
flow period provided 'in the "Harnessing Plar." and
checked with the parameters provided in the
"Investigation and Assessment of Pollution Sources of
the Western Water System Project't and the removing
ratio of the five main pollutants of Yunliang river,
the following results at Dataizi profile at the outlet
of Yunliang river and Xiaohekou profile of Anshan
section of Taizi river are calculated and tabulated in
table 7-3, and assessed. From the table it can be seen,
the reduction rate of the flow and various pollutants
(except for CODcr) before and after operation of STP at
the Dataizi section are over 41%, from which SS is
reduced by 89.66%; while the flow before and after
operation of the STP at the Xiaohekou outlet section is
reduced by 2.46% only, but effects of reducing of five
pollutants are notable. The effect of waste water of
Western channel before and after the operation of STP
on the Yunliang river and Anshan section of Taizi river
are shown in fig.7-1 and 7-2. In order to understand
the change of the five pollutants before and after
recycle Pa6er
68 wlg ninnrw
-1-~~hEU.ug %2 O4bJ - l aded DaID3Aa
t a°
V FA
g iinl n _ 3F=.. _. ._ ._. ...
" a " _. " _ __ _ _ __ I _ B _ _~............... ..__ .._. ._
1 -~~~~~~~~ Iii ~ ~ ~ PPtI
a~~ ~ -E*--;~ i g ---
a~ la I -
IE.Pqs A-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~..... .j.......F
) a Lmuff~~~~~~~~~e
4IL
3 U - --- -----
.3-~~~~~~~~~~
. . . .. i. .J J SI . s 3' \
S 1 1 ._3- ;j >/
QsSaitt C aia5-1---------- ---- ------
k {H ts z~-- ------ ---- ---
V 1 .- ......
... . . .....
recvc[ed oaper4re-j - n
recycled DaPer 0 ewulng% and ensir.nmnuns
Table 7-3 Influence or vast, water treatment Plant before and after oweation an Ywunlian river and Anshan section or Taizi river
1~W of I f low variation (M..~; SsI volati le phenol I CH- Ioil C aDc-n 7-r* t T T
VoIile I before I af ter I re&ic-I before i after- I rei6.c- I before I after I redxc- I before i after i redxction I before I af ter i redaction I before I af ter I reducticm II I !~~~~tion(2) I I I tion(t) I tion (t)I I I I (2 I I I (ZI I
i itaA rriia i1 7 5 3 3 .0 1 10266I t.8- -- t--* II I1I I I 41.44 I 34455.06 1 3561.5 I1 59.6 IG 2.9O 0.81 I72.90 1 15.68 I 8.99 I 42.59 1 2405.20 I 1001.9 I 58.34 I 16316.7 1 14862.10 1 8.91 I
*,f Yunllangriver 1(42.08)I(24.64)I
Xiaoaiekou profile I 2 MS .0 I28773.81 I uf Anshan section I I I 2.48 1 136962.6 1 106068.14 I 2.2.58 118.09I115.91 I 12.05 1 23.26 1 16.59 I 28.68 1509. 10 13635.89 1 27.85 I 29718.30 I 2826. 70 1 4.90or Tulzi rlvw i(708.00)l(690.56)l
Motei unit of disclauning animt of pollutants: t/aunlt of data in blank' Ten thosand .3Yd.
tfable 7-4 Equvalent pol lutant loed and its variation of vaste water treatment plant before and after opertion
I ~~ ~~Ss V olatile phenl I cm- I Oil IEcr I TotalIequialunt IKm of F- - - -iIrr11I
I I I A 1.1 I ~~AA I I I A III A III A I Pollutant loadlIprofile I before I after I-----I beforelI after ----- Ibefoer of ater I-r- H before I after I-r- -- -i before of ater- 1-i i I
I I I~~~~beforelIafter I I Ibe- Iafter I I IbeforeI af ter I I beforeI after I I Ibefore Ilafter Ibefore I of tw II I I I I I If~~~~~~ ~~orel
L.sta IziII 1 1 I I II I I I III I III IIIwrofillg 169.18 I71.23 117.90 4.14 I29.90 I8.10 10.781 0.47 I 78.30 1 44.95 I 2.03 I 2.61 1 2405.20 I 1001.90 I 62.39 1 58.23 1 652.67 I 5944.48 I 16.10 I 34.55 138M. 19 I 1720.55 I
or I I I I I I I .1 I I I I I I I I I I I IYuniliafu I I I III I I
i,rof I I orf 2739.25 1 2121.36 1 29.57 1 29.75 1 180.909I159.101I1.951 2.23 1 116.301182.95 I 1.26 I 1.66 1 5039.19 1 3635.89 1 54.39 151.00I 1118.73 11130.55 1 12.83 1 15.86 192O4.37 17123.85 I
NoHte: Equipeet dlsdcaalrs amunt willI be calculated on class V In the (&valronmntal quallt, stardard of strface water>>'A'. In table vill aommt for sAre (2) of total equivalent palillutant load, SS icmntrution limiting value Is 50 wf(requirement on indsatrial circulation water).'
operation of STP under equal-coriditions the statistic
results is given in the table 7-4. From the table you
can see that the total equivalent pollution loads at
the section of Dataizi and Xiaohekou outlet before and
after operation of STP are reduced by 55.37% and 23.04%
respectively.
In summary, from abovementioned description, the STP
project would alleviate the existing polluted situation
and improve the water qualities to some extent of
western channel, Yunliang river and the Anshan section
of Taizi river, play an important role to achieve the
objective outlined in the Harnessing Plan, and
contribute to environmental benefit remarkably.
7.1.4 Water quality situation of discharged water from STP
and existing problems.
In order to clarify the water quality discharged into
Western channel from waste water treatment plant after
coagulation and settlement and water quality at Dataizi
section where Yunliang river empties into Taizi river
the comparison with class II standard of the
<<Discharging standard on waste water and waste gas for
Liaoning province>> and V class standard in the
<<Standard on environmental quality of the surface
water>> is made and the differences obtained are shown
in table 7-5.
recycled paper - lp and eminsunwnt
Table 7-5 Comparison of the predicted water quality
discharged from STP and river water at
Dataizi section with various standards
conc Pollutants U~vent,-t,o /7 < 1
nSS olatile cyanide Petroleums CODcr LA?Location of sections phenol muand standard name
Water discharged 48.0 0.1 0.2 1.4frbi STP
River water of. 39.6 0.009 0.1 11.14 165.25kataizi section
II class standard 100 0.5 0.5 8.0 100.0fo dischargingof aste water inLis ning province
V c ass standard None 0.1 0.2 1.0 25.0on urface water
I c ass standard None 3.0 1.0 10.0 Nonefor irrigation ofgr cultural field
7 g The data shown in the table notes that the water
discharged to Western channel from STP can meet the
t \ requirements on water quality of class II standard of
river water for Liaoning province (new, modernization,
f / g expansion projects} and class I standard of
agricultural irrigation. However oil and CODcr exceed V
class standards on surface water with over standard
multiples of 0.4 and 2.12 respectively. Water quality
of Yunliang river at section of Dataizi except volatile
phenol and cyanide, the oil and CODcr will exceed the
limiting value of concentration of class V standard,
recvcled Daper 71 ewlogi and rnvinmmenu
with over standard multiples of 10.4 and 5.61 times
respectively.
Main reasons on oil and CODcr content of the water at
Dataizi profile exceeding the standard are: the
pollution of the Yunliang river is a comprehensive
pollution with several pollution sources. The STP will
treat only a part of it i.e. the centralized, pollution
sources of the fountainhead of Western channel, while
remaining sources such as No.1 chemical plant,
industrial waste water and sanitary sewage, collected hf4o t
by Middl and ( rn ch which should
also ted respectively, therefore the STPb'IO
project can not solve the pollution problem of Yunliang
river completely. The principle of combination about
centralized comprehensive treatment and control of
pollution sources as shown -in "Harnessing plan" wil-l be
used to achieve optimal alternatives on project
construction.
7.2 The effect of solid wastes on environment
7.2.1 Kinds and quantity of the solid wastes produced from
STP
The solid wastes produced from STP are mud separated
from waste water treatment process and slag from
combustion process of hot water boiler and steam
boiler. The quantity of solid wastes occurred during
treating of waste water of 220,000 m'/d are as follows:
Mud 144000 t/a.
oi r slag: 431.2 t/a
recvcled-paper 72 7 |
Total amount of solid wastes: 144430 t/a
The above mud and cinder will be disposed at slag yard
with miLed transporting method.
7.2.2 Sla and its present situation for receiving of
solw t ' jl4 Ad 7The solid wastes produced from waste water treatment
plant will finally reach at 144,430 t/a, require a
permanent yard with sufficient capacity.
It is now decided that the slag will be transported to
slag yard, which is located within boarder of Liaoyang
county, about 4 km far from the county proper and 12 km
from Anshan. It is located in the west of Qita mountain
and boarded on the Qita ore beneficiation plant in the
South and adjacent to Henju village in west and
Xiaoyansi village in the North, so there transport is
convenient. Total volume of the yard is 13000000 i .
Now, the yard is a slag yard designated for second
phase of expansion of the captive power plant of Anshan
Iron and Steel Company.
Because the yard was a temporarily tailings storage and
place for disposal of industrial wastes from Anshan
Iron and Steel Company as well as a place where the
Liaoyang Petrochemical Company had disposed a certain
quantity of the wastes, so soluble salts and other
harmful components to the environment might be leached
into the surface water in varying form and quantity.
There are two catchment ponds with total area of 4000 m2
at the slag yard, where the water is collected for all
recycled paper 7ulasi and rminmnnwnt73
year. There is one Bingma River in the Western side of
the yard, through which the waste water from magnetic
concentration and floatation concentration process and
other waste water from the Qidashan beneficiation plant
are emptied into Taizi river. Furthermore there is a
draining irrigation channel between Heniu village and
Yangjalin, through which the water drained from
tailings storage for Qidashan beneficiation plant will
be emptied into Bingma River at the Yangjialin village.
In the south-west of slag yard, there is a discharge
outlet for existing tailings storage, which is in
nature of seasonal draining channel and empties into
Bingma rivar. According to monitoring data of the
surface water body, it is known that the water quality
of the ash storage yard, draining channel and Bingma
river have been. polluted to some extent. The main
items, exceeding standard values are oil, ammonia,
nitrogen and fluorine. At same time water has been
contaminated to some extent by the heavy metals such as
Cu, Pb, As etc. exists in the water body.
7.2.3 Charac ristics o M from waste water treatment plant
Fo d separated from waste water treatment plant
during treatment process of waste water, its chemical
compositions depends closely on pollutants in the waste
water. In addition, it contains the chemicals used for
treating the water. So main composites of he mud is
similar to those of bed of western chaniel. From
analysis of substances of Western channel bed it is
recvcled paper 1 l dA nhiunmnt
known that there are variable polluting substances such
as Hg, Cd, As, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe etc. in the bed
substance referred to the table 6-1.
7.2.4 Analysis of effect of solid wastes on environment
(1) Effect during transportation
The transporting route from the waste water treatment
plant to the slag storage yard located at Heniu village
is about 15 km long. If the trucks running with middle
speed, one travel to and fro (including charging and
discharging of muds and all operation process of
transportation) needs about 1 hour. The mud amount
produced from waste water treatment plant per year is
about 150000 t, which can be transported by 15000 times
with 10 t hopper trucks, i.e. 41 times perx d B2L_
times of travel to and fro. The small amount of mud
leakage pollution during transportation process, raised
dust pollution by convolution action of the truck
tr g. ited evaporating odor pollution during
ra ains of the muds as well as noise pollution
during transportation may be occurred. The impact of
abovementioned discontinuous pollutions on. the
environment can be minimized, and no significant,
\~nvorjm t impact will occur if the sealed
transportation appropriate arrangement of transporting
time and proper selection of transportation route are
adopted.
(2) Effect on Henazhuan slag storage yard.
There is a large amount of tailing powder in the
recvcled Daper g *log mNdI irnw.ttI.n
75
Heniuzhuan slag storage yard, where are disposed about
300,000 oJ of industrial solid wastes and there will be
disposed continuously with increasing rate of about
170,000 m3 per year. The Liaoyang Petrochemical company
has also disposed a certain quantity of wastes in the
storage yard. Because of water catchment in the slag
storage yard for all the year round, the solid wastes
are invaded, therefore existing solid wastes and water
in the ash storage yard cause a certain impact to the
environment.
In order to grasp the present situations of pollution
of the water body, underground water, soil and
agriculture and industry by existing solid wastes and
the coming pollutant substances, from the coal which is
used for expansion project of the second phase of the
CPP for Anshan steel as well as the disposal of muds
from first waste water treatment plant, all
corresponding data obtained from investigation is shown
in table 7-6.
From above table, it can be seen that the slag from
Anshan Iron and Steel Company, cinders from Liaoyang
Petrochemical company, Qidashan tailings mountain soil
and agricultural soil contain pollutants such as As,
Hg, F etcb, but no Hg pollution is found from
examination of water solution, including yard water,
running off water and underground water.
Generally, the toxicity of organic mercury compound
exceeds that of inorganic mercury, but inorganic
recvcled paper rtloga and rn-ir.hnwnu
76
Table 7-6 Investigation and analysis or existing mud Proposedreceiving solid wastes for ileniuzhuan ash storase yard
Ltes at ISias from. IVastes from I Tal I iai iShanxi* iShanxi* tlountain i Alcultuara I iVater P~tr IaeVater ISubstrate II ays IsIAnshan Iron andStee I Cowan I Liaoyars I storms of Icoml I coal Isoil Isoil I within wvithin Ifrom I from lof wetern I
I ~~~~~~~~~~IPetroche.ical 10itashan Ilash I .I I thie site I the site Icdeep I shallow I chann III ~~~~~~ ~ ~~I plant lbeniefication I IIII(reservoir I (run off) Istrata Istrats II
I I ~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~I Plant I I vater)lI lOhdianicalI (Civl IIII I I I I I I I I I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I vlIs of I vils I II I I I 1 I I I I I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~IHPenltazuan) ior I I
I I I I I I I I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I I I IYangJia I II I I I I I I I I I I ~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Ivillage) I I-
I I 12 13 14 I 6 1718 I19 I1101 I 12 I 13 I 14 115 1 16 I
I Cu 162.81 52.5 151.0 144.7 I 918.0 I3.1 I82.5 I39.7 I9.0 I23.6 I 20.3 I0.034 No Hfoma I Nio fond I No foaiud 29.0 I
I PbA 59.0 I 46.5 1 56.0 144.0 I 22.5 I 9.5 1 6.3 I 20.5 I C0 I 20.0 I 21.5 No Hfound I No found I go fowi INo found 135.0 I
I Zn IM3.0 I70.0 1215.0 1170.0 I 1090.0 I 9.8 1 95.0 I 70.0 I 34.0 I 22.0 1 35.0 1 0.160 I 0.022 I 0.024 I0.039 I550.0 I
I Cd 12.1 I2.1 12.3 12.5 I 2.2 I0.5 0.5 I 1.5 NIo faemdI 1.7 1 1.3 I 0.002 1 Ho fotnd I Nfofouand I No foudl 2.01 1
I Cr 187.01117.01 278.0 255.0 I 513.0 12.0 I23.8 148.0 I2.5 I28.0 I 31.0 No ofourd I No fosm I Hofwird INo foUtIdI1 12.6 I
I lb' 1130001916b61IS= 115001 610 168.51188 12295 I390 I 40 I 915. 0.112 I 0.02 I 0.078 10.0841 585.0 I
A s 14.fl4.2 1.2 7.0l 2.0 1 1.6 1 1.2 1.43.6 I 4.2 I 4.0 I 6.8 I 0.015 I 0.008 0.016 I 0.011 I 5.15 IF I-I~~O-I-i---- - i-i-----i i i i I i I-1 Ii 0.21 (0.151 0.38 I0. 15 I 0.45 I0.21 I 0.24 I 0.53 I 0.20 I 0.12 I 0.47 No ofomd No Hfowi No foswdI NHofouridi 0.46 I
I P I251.6 I538.0 1419.0 12765.91 112.4 I77.8 I56.8 I 80.2 I28.8 I458.6 I 363.8 I 1.67 I 0.79 I 0.77 0.75 I190.0 I
I S-- 1070I.1070 11140 11550 1 7390 160128012430 I8160 I 10 I 10 0.015 10.015 I 0.020 10.025 11550.0 I
E. ota.: Unit for solid samples Ho. 1-1Il. 16 In the table Is wgunit for- water sample Is us/I.
a C: Is.a tipped soliId waste sawle
compound is not easy to solved into the water and
settled -into the substrate settlement. From
investigation results you can see that the majority of
compound, containing the Hg in the solid wastes
disposed till now, is mainly inorganic mercury
compound. Because it is difficult to be solved into the
water in case of meta-basic water qualit3, so storage
yard is almost not yet polluted bv -he He. The Hg
pollution in the draining channel and Bingma river in
western side of the storage i and is
not c ecked . According tlo the abovementioned C
ana islI, Hg, contained in the substrate of the western
channel is i-organic mercury and is also difficult to
be solved into the water under conditions of water
quality of the yard. Therefore, muds disposed on the
ash storage yard by No.1 waste water treatment plant
has a limited effect on the catchment of the yard. If.
selecting of the favorable positions to make no-
steeping as far as possible, it's impact will be
negligible.
The mud separated by waste water treatment plant is in
nature of industrial mud as for characteristics and
contains a little humus, so its odor emitted has the
essential difference from the odor emitted from -waste
water of the city. It has been descripted in detail in
the paragraph "Impact of odor frcm waste water
treatment plant on environment" of this assessment,
therefore, mud after entering into storage yard will
recycled paper 7 8 ErEjia and rninnment
not effect much on atmosphere environmental around the
Heniuzhuan village in its west.
7.3 Influence of air pollutants from waste water treatment
plant on environment.
7.3.1 Forecast of effect of boiler fume on environment
The boiler room of the waste water treatment plant is
^quipped with two boilers of which one is 2.8 x le kJ/s
hot water boiler and another one is 0.5 t/h steam
boiler. 'After cleaning with ceramic dedustor the flue
gas will be exhausted by stack of 30 m high, so it is
point source discharging. In order to meet requirement
for module calculation, the pollution sources after
modularized treatment are listed in the table 7-7.
Table 7-7 Parameters of emissions for pollution
sources
Name of Height source source intensity Dia. Flue gas Flowingpollution of inten- of dust (mg/s) of tempe- speed ofsources sources sity of stack rature flue gas
(m) the S02 (m) at out- at outlet(mg/s) < 10JL > lOU let ( C) (m/s)
…----------------------- …___________________stack of 30 520.0 8.3 19.5 0.75 200 6.3steamboiler
stack of 30 4844.4 80.0 186.7 0.50 200 15.8hot water -_
boiler
Note: Hot water boiler is used for heating and is calculated
on base of 5 months in winter.
recvcled paper 79 enIob, and ,n'iannment
The dispersion parameters are selected on site
measuring results from 'Report on environmental impact
of the expansion project of Anshan Iron and Steel
Company". For dispersion parameters under the calm
wind, the Turner parameters are used.
The concrete forecasting contents are explained as
follows:
(1) Concentration in calm.wind
In the assessment, the total uspended particles in
case of stability of ass nd hourly concentration
of the S02 have been c culated in conditions of calm
wind in winter and the diagram of pollution
concentration distribution has been drawn.on 7-3 and 7-
4. From forecasted results, you can see the peak values
of the T.S.P and S02 are only 0.0007 mg/Nz3 and 0.0440
mg/Nm , accounted for 0.07% and 29.3% of limit values
of first class standard respectively. The range with
S02 more than 0.0i5 mg/Nm. is only 1.4 km2 . It is
obvious that the forecasted concentration of T.S.P and
S02 in @alm wind is quite low.
(2) Concentration in unfavorable wind direction
Considering the concentration of pollutants around the
waste water treatment plant besides Anshan iron and
Steel Company, the adjacent villages such as Lisatai
Wusantai and Xiaoyinpan will be taken as assessment
points. When the assessment points are located to the
axial line of the leeward direction of the pollution
sources the pollutant concentrations under the
recVcled DaDer 80 ; d lde&' 'en 3 Cd-4n4
so V- &,d
Fig. 7-3
Hongqibao
Xiaoyingpan
t ffiX ) Dayingpan
Waste water jtreatment plant
Wusantai
Songsantai
Distribution of T.S.P concentration from boiler housein case of calm in winter(Stability of type D)
recvcled paper wokg% and .. rnunment
Fig. 7-4
Al
Hongqibao
Xiaoyingpan
j XX Dyingpan
Waste water\ treatment plant
W u .antai
Songsantai
Distribution of S02 concentration for boiler housein case of calm in winter(Stability of type D)
recvcled-caper e"olore and ,mininmenm
different stability of atmosphere are listed in table
7-8.
Table 7-8 Pollution concentration value of the air
pollutants at assessment points in case of
different stability under unfavorable
leeward (concentration unit: mg/Nm
Name of T.S.P S02assessment ----------------------------------------------…---------------point A-B C D E-F A-B C D E-F----------------------------------------------------------------------- __-
Lisantai 0.0004 0.0011 0.0010 0.0013 0.0232 0.0652 0.0618 0.0772
Wusantai 0.0001 0.0003 0.0003 0.0006 0.0052 0.0194 0.0184 0.0345
Xiaoyinpan 0.0002 0.0004 0.0004 0.0005 0.0093 0.0265 0.0251 0.0303-------------------------------------------------------------------- __----
From table 7-8 you can see that Lisantai is nearer to
v $ j t pollution source than other two assessment vointp~hie
concentration of pollutants at the Lisantai village is
, ' therefore relatively great. The max. contributing
J concentration of T.S.P and S02 in E-F class stability
with value of only 0.0013 mg/Nm3 and 0.0772 mg/Nm3,
which accounts for 0.9% and 25.7X of first class
standard values. From statistical results of
meteorological data you can see, that Lisantai village
frequency of the ind direction from ESE is only 2X in
very small probabl while Xiaoyinpan village is
influenced by wind S and wind frequency of this
81
recvcled oaper be.og nnd eI'inhnlernt
assimuth is greater with annual wind frequency of 13%&
The smaller contributing concentration of pollution
source to the Xiacyinpan village. The contributed
concentration of the T.S.P and S02 in E-F class
stability accounts for 0.3% and 10.1% of class I
standard limit values, respectively.
(3) Concentration to axis of pollution source.*
In order to obtain the imaginable concentration
distribution on axis for concerning points, this
assessment calculates and draw the diagram of
concentration distribution from pollution sources in
Winter on the axis of assessed points referred to Fig.
7-5 -- 7-7, which objectively reflect the contributed
concentration of pollution sources to various
concerning points. From the figures, you can see the
contributed concentration of T.S.P at 150 m from
pollution source is the highest, while S02 is at 200 m
from pollution source, then decreased gradually. Within
this region there is no concerning point. Therefore the
contributed concentration of the pollutants from the
boiler room of the waste water treatment plant to the
adjacent villages will be small.
In short, because of flue gas the two boilers of waste
water treatment plant to be purified with ceramic
deduster and having the purifying efficiency of 99%,
the dust discharge is decreased from 105.6 kg/h to 1.06
kg/h and of dust content in exhaust is controlled
within 300 mg/Nm3 or lower. Both concentration
recvcled Paper 82 cw and Pn%inhment
discharged and height of stack will meet the
requirements shown in "Standard of discharging the dust
form boiler" (GB13271-91). The discharge of S02
produced-by coal fired boiler is also met with the.
requirements in the "Temporary standard on discharging
of industrial "three wastes" (waste gas, waste water
slag) (GBJ4-73). From the forecast results you. can see
that the concentration of pollutants contributed to the
nearby villages is low, so pollutants discharged from
boiler room only have little effect on surrounding
environment.
7.3.2 Effect of offensive odor from waste water treatment
plant on environment
The waste water of western channel consists of 92.90%
process sewage and 7.1% sanitary sewage. From the
industrial waste water, the chemical waste water is
accounted for 25%. Generally, when the industrial waste
water exceeds 50% of total, the characteristics of the
waste water will be changed, and deviated from
characteristics of civic waste water. In major cases,
the ratio of BOD5/CODcr of the industrial waste water
is very small and not fit to be treated with
biochemical process. The waste water of western channel
belongs to the abovementioned waste water. It is noted
that the offensive odor emitted from western channel
differs intrinsically from offensive odor emitted from
civil waste water of the city.
So far, no limit value of standard is -established for
recvcled raper 83 crooloc% and rn.iav .. .
offensive odor in China. Therefore, the assessment will
refer to the related stipulation and judgment in Japan.
Main substances of offensive odor are ammonia, methyl
mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, methyl thioether
frimethylamine. For characteristics of waste water of
western channel, near-earth monitoring of pollution
sources with three points is done in Jul. 1992. The
monitoring contents, monitoring positions and results
are shown in table 7-9.
% * Classification of offensive odor substances and
comparison of odor characteristics with odor emitted
from western channel. ^ f JP6VIIVS
From comparison of the ta le, th offensive odor
c emitted from western ch nnelti mainly hydrogen
sulfide, ammonia, fatty a ds and phenols. The odor
~ > smell of fatty acids from the offensive odor *is
particularly stressed on mineral oils. This is one of
essential differences for offensive -odors emitted from
7waste water of western channel and that of city.
In order to assess the pollution of western channel to
the atmosphere according to extent of offensive odor,
the specification and standard on related odor issued
by Japan will be referred due to absent standard on
limit value of offensive odor in China currently and
the comparison of max. allowable concentration of
harmful substances in atmosphere in the residence area
with monitoring values in three places of western
channel has been done. From table 7-11 you can tee that
recvcled paper 84 enslogs and eninonwrnt
the monitoring values in various places of western
channel are far lower than relevant regulation and
standard values issued by Japan and China, especially,
the monitoring values obtained at 5 m away from western
channel under leeward notes that its emitted odor smell
was far lower than the reference value for odor
concentration at near-bank of the channel therefore the
pollution at places farther from the western channel is
negligible. In order to know well the concrete
conditions of emission of offensive odor gases during
its stirring process for waste water treatment plant,
the monitoring points are arranged for stations of
monitoring water quality of western channel with
industrial test. The monitoring data is shown that the
concentration of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide emitted
is lower than the various reference values. Through
monitoring and analysis at abovementioned places, the
assessment considered that the offensive odor produced
from waste water treatment plant has limited effect of
pollution on surrounding environment. In addition, if
these offensive odor is treated with water washing
method and absorbing method, it will spend a large
expenses but has limited environment benefit; and
absorbing method will cause secondary pollution during
its generating. Therefore, in order to protect the
around environment, if a certain protection distance is
kept and green belt is planted resulting in minimized
effect is expected.
recvcled paper 85 and vndin.nnw,ts
Table 7-9 Classification of offensive odor substances
and comparison of odor smell with odor
emitted from western channel.
reccled paper 86 nuoo' and envinsnnwnt
Classification Name Odor smell Odour smell fromwestern channel
------------------------------------------------------------ ___------_
Hydrogen sulphide fetid smell negligible-------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia strong irritant obvioussmell
-------------------------------------------------------
Amonia excrement and Nonesulphide urine smell
-------------------------------------------------------
ethyl mercaptanmercap tan(s) methyl mercaptan odor smell
formic thicether from garlicethyl thoether and (chinese) None
thioether(s) ethyl thioether chives.hexyl thicether-------------------------------------------------------
formaldehydeacetaldehyde uncomfortable
Aldehyde(s) propionaldehyde irritant odor Nonebutylraldehyde smell
-------------------------------------------------------
3-methylindole offensive odorsmell as that Nonefrom excrementand urine(s)
_______________________________________________________
Fatty acid(s) formic acid irritant odorsmell of low Markableclass fattyacid
acetic acid-------------------------------------------------------
methyl acetic Putrid cheese Noneacid odor
Butyric acid urine odor Nonesmell as mouse7
…------------------------------------------------------
Aminoacetone anine type Noneethylamine odor smell
Amine(s) -------------------------------------------------------aniline putrid fish type Nonedimethyl amine dour smell
-------------------------------------------------------
Phenol(s) phenol uncomfortable Markablethiophenol odor smell
…------------------------------------------------------
Alcoholts) butanol uncomfortableirritant odor None
amyl alcohol smell.-------------------------------------------------------------- __------
87 +i$ t cirecycled Daper vlew and * wrminmm
0Table 7-10 Comparison of monitoring values at various pointg
CL
of western channel with various reference standard
values
Japan Max-allowed Monitoring valued of western------------------- ---- concentration channelimited standard of air harmful -----------------------------concen- range of substances at 5m an bridge Zizhan
Name tration limit in residence away of auto- Roomof offensive values area from matic forodour subs- within leeward monitoring watertances occupied of bank station quality
border--------------------------------------------- _-----_--------____---_------_--__-
Ammonia 30.4-38.01 0.76-3.80 0.20 0.032 0.102 0.144----------------------------------------------------------------- __----------__-
Hydrogen 0.008-1.52 0.03-2.07 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01sulphide
Phenol 0.02 0.008 0.012 not foundout
Benzene 2.40 not found not found not foundout out out
------------------------------------------------------ …-------------------------X Xylene 0.30 0.03 not found not found
out out
unit: mg/m3
7.4 Forecast and assessment of impact of noise emitted from
waste water treatment plant on environment.
7.4.1 Present situation of environmental noise from the
proposed plant site.
The plant site of the No.1 waste water treatment plant
in the western part will be located in the northeast of
Lisantai village (distance is about 450m) and in the
uppers of the southern-eastern part of the Xiaoyingpan
village (distance is about 400m) accessing by Anliu
highway and that to Liaoyang city. The location is also
in closed vicinity to special rail tracks. The
northern-eastern side of the plant side is closed to
the western tailing dam and 600m from south of the
plant site is a timber storage of Anshan Iron and Steel
Company and Anshan Chemical Plant etc. The plant site
in now an undeveloped open land. Except the traffic
noise from various vehicles around the environment,
there is no fixed noise source.
According to the demand of assessment, arrangement of
the monitoring points at side of Anshan-Liu highway,
Lisantai and Xiaoyingpan village is to be set up for
monitoring of environmental noise (see fig 7-8). The
monitoring results of environmental noise, is shown
table 7-11.
recvcled paper .ek and ensiinnmenn
Qa
:on i ntration
((Ig/Nm3) Fig. 7-7
it?
d ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~Wn dieto:S
a". .
ad07 I \,W s
Fe ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~Saiiy type D
~~~ 4 *0 7 SX 'p t, v4" v '* ^* 'i" ' distance
3~ Dayingpan {m)
Profile of BxiBl concentration for boiler house5 ~~~~~~~~~~~along the NE direction
~~~~ 9 ~~~~~~~Wind direction: SW- tb ~~~~~~~~~Wind speed: 3m/s
C B~~tability: type D
Xi ao yingpanAl// Fig. 7-8
9 \\°/^ a~~~~4l1 .i I !!I I 1 1-- 1 x 2 No .1 wastre water)s /-
. t ~~~N _I ,jTI< lIl1
Tailings
* -) \ / 11 M '5 14 et .- reservoir
Lirantai
Arrangement diagrao of environmental noise
monitoring and forecasting points
recvcled.Daper ,nd *ng-n.nn,qn
Table 7-11 Monitoring data of environmental noise of
Day/night
----------------------------------------------------------------- __----------_
No. of Name Equivalent Statistical A accounting Remarksmonitoring A acoustic acoustic pressurepoints Level class (dB)
leg(dB) L10 L50. L90-------------------------------------------------------------------- __-------_
No.1 Border of the 50.2/42i7 - - -
plant site------------------------------------------------------------------ __---------_
No.2 Border of the 48.8/40.2 - - -
plant site------------------------------------------------------------------ __---------_
No.3 Border of the 47.8/39.2 - - -
plant site------------------------------------------------------------------ __---------_
No.4 Border of the 48.5/40.2 - - -
plant site------------------------------------------------------------------ __---------_
No.5 Border of the 49.5/39.7 - - -
plant site------------------------------------------------------------------ __---------_
No.6 Border of the 50.2/42.7 - - -
plant site
No.7 Border of the 50.7/41.7 - - -
plant site------------------------------------------------------------------ __---------_
No.8 Border of the 50.7/41.7 - - -
plant site------------------------------------------------ _.--------------------__-----__
No.9 Side of Anliu 76.6/55.1 80/60 69/53 60/49 Vehiclesroadway flow is
252 cars/hper dayvehiclesflow is 18cars/h per
34"** night…-----------------------------------------------------------------__------_.-__
No.10 Within Lisantai 52.0/47.5 - - -
village…------------------------------------------------------_-_-_-------__--------_
No.11 Within 53.9/49.0 - - -
Xiao Yingpan village
…----------------------------------.._ -----------------------------------------
90
recvcled vaper c.e.skm end cuinrnment
The regional environment is ainly influenced by
* traffic noise, as shown in table 7-12. The
environmental noise around th plant battery limit of
the proposed site is between 4 8-50.7 dBA in day time
and between 39.4-42.7 dBA at is in
accordance with the standard o class I mixing r gion
(Leg 55 dBA in day and 45 dBA at night ) in the
"standard on environmental noise of city area (GB-3096-
82). The environmental noise for Lisantai and Xiaoying
pan villages is 52 and 53.9 dBA in day time
respectively in accordance with standard of class 1
mixing region, while at night is 47.5 and 49 dBA
respectively which met only with standard of class II
mixing region. Therefore, above mentioned region is
belonging to the quiet environment till now. 2- iuL 6do7.4.2 Forecast of impact of environmental noise. l
After putting into operation of the STP project, a
certain number of fixed noise sources will be added, as
the result environmental noise level will be increased.
The table 7-13 shows the main noise source, acoustic
pressure level and nature of frequency spectrum of the
proposed project. They will be distributed in the
various pump rooms, boiler room and compressed air
station.
recvcled paper crnkw% and eminrnment
91
Table 7-12 List of main noise sources------------------------------------------------------------------- __--------
Description of Acoustical pressure Spectralnoise source level (dB) characteristics Remarks
No. -------------------A accounting B accounting
---------------------------------------------------------------- __-----------
1 Booster pumps 90 A 94 low and inter- B setsmediate frequency
------------------------------------ _. --------------------------------- ___
2 Lif.tpumps 92 94 wide band 5 sets_________________-------- - - -:---______ __________ __________ __________
3 Filter pumps 92 A 93 high frequency 5 sets________________________________ L-------------------------------------4 Backwashing 90 r 93 intermediate 2 sets
pumps of filter frequency----------------------------- _ l- ------- _S,_--------------------------------
5 delivering pumps for 91 / v 3 wide band 4 setsagricultural irrigationto I
……7,---------------------------- /--- ----------------------------------6 Sanitary sewage pumps 86 92 low frequency 2 sets
: Air compressors 87 90 intermediate 4 setsfrequency
8 Ventilators for boiler 97 101 low and intermediate 2 setsfrequency
-------------------------------------------------------------- __-------------
9 Draught fans 92. 97 low and intermediate 2 setsfrequency
…___________________________________________________________________________In order to compare the change of environmental noise
before and after operation of the project, the sound
receiving points for forecasting are selected at the
saue places of present monitoring present situations.
The forecast values of various forecasting points is a
sum of back grand noise values and calculated sound
energy transmitted to all sound receiving points from
various noise sources. The Forecast values of the,
forecasting sound receiving points in day time and at
night are shown in the table 7-13.
92
recvcled gaper g M t
Table 7-13 Forecast noise values of various forecasting
sound reserving points in day/night
-----------------------------------------.---------------------- _
Numbering of Sound pressure level of various forecastingmeasurement sound receiving points (dBA)points -------------------------------------------------
Calculated Background Forecasting Increasingvalue value value value
-----------------------------------------------------------------
No. 1 43.6 50.2/42.7 51.1/46.2 0.9/3.5No. 2 45.3 48.8/40.2 50.4/46.5 1.6/6.3No. 3 39.0 47.8/39.4 50.2/42.2 2.4/2.8No. 4 46.4 48.5/40.2 50.6/47.3 2.1/7.1No. 5 41.6 49.5/39.7 50.2/43.8 0.7/4.1No. 6 42.6 50.2/42.7 50.9/45.7 0.7/3.0No. 7 37.3 50.7/41.7 50.9/43.0 0.2/1.3No. 8 47.3 50.7/41.7 52.3/48.4 1.6/6.7No. 9 38.5 [76.6/55.1 '76.6/55.2 ° /0.1 c c
(' No.10 37.1 152.0/47.5 52.1/47.9 0.1/0/44- 44.No.11 35.8 e 3.9/49.0 L5.0/49.2 0.1/0.2ef V
(3) Assessment of influence of the environmental noise
From table 7-13, you can see that after building up of
L4 i the No.1 waste water treatment plant in Western part.
The environmental noise of the various measuring points
(Ni - N8) within plant border will be increased
* I_ j irrespecti-;- of day time and night. The forecast value
in day time is between 50.2-52.3 dBA and meet the
standard of Class I mixing region of << Standard of
environmental noise in the city area>> (GB 3096-82) or
4J. > 55 dBA standard values of the Class I standard <c
Standard on noise of plant border of the industrial
t4 22r enterprise >> (GB 12348-90). At night, except for threeI' P measuring points such as N3, N5 and N7 which meet the
recy Class I standard the remaining various points raises to
Class II standard.
.recvcled paper 93eblos and en-inannent
N9 point (side of An-Liu roadway) because of higher
background noise, both N1O (Lisantai village) and Nil
point ( Xiaoyingpan village) which are far from the
sound source of plant area, will be slightly influp-ced-
by industrial noise of waste water treatment plant,
therefore environmental noise of these three points
generally meintains the present situation.
In a word, the influence of environmental noise is
negligitable after building up and putting int
operation of the No.1 waste water treatment plant in
the west.
IALA/
recycled paper e".s.:% and ensini.nment
94
7.5 Analysis of influence of chemicals used for cleaning
the water by waste water treatment plant on environment
(1) Consumption of various chemicals
According to characteristics of poor biochemical
action, the No.1 waste water treatment plant in west of
Anshan city will adopt the physical and chemical
treatment method through experiment for cleaning of
waste water of the Western Channel. The substance of
chemical method is adding, the FeCl3.6H20,
A12(S04)3.18H20 and polyacrylamide (PAM or No..3
coagulant) into waste water. Its consumption is shown
in table 7-14.
Table 7-14 Consumption of chemicals for treatment
of varying water volume
Name of Water volume to be treated (10000 m3/d)Chemicals - -------------------------------------------- -
19.20 21.24 22.00---------------------- 384-----00----424.80--------440.00-----FeC13.6H20 384.00 424.80 440.00A12(S04)3.18H20 384.00 424.80 440.00PAM 7.68 8.50 8.80-------------------------------------------------------------
Consumption unit of chemicals: kg/d
(2) Nature of chemicals
(1) FeC13.6H20
The ferric chloride is characterized by high purity,
low volume of slag, easy dissolvation, large
coagulating body, fast settlement speed, good
decolourization and not influenced by water
temperature. It accommodates to pH 6-11.
recvcledfaper leu and ,nsirnsnment
95
(2) A12(SO4t.18H20
Aluminum sulfate is a coagulant which is popularly used
for water and waste water treatment and is divided into
crude and refined products. The former contains only
20-25X anhydrous aluminum sulfate, while the later
contains about 50X. The aluminum sulfate has best
effect when water temperature is 20- 40°C, but it
effects is not as good as ferric under lower
temperature. Its applicable ph value is 4-8. When pH=4-
7, it has good effect in removing of organic matters.
When pH=5.7-7.8, it can be used in removing of
suspended matters. It has advantages of fast
coagulation and little corrosion, easy usage, good
sanitary conditions but disadvantage of that a certain
quantity of soda should be added, and a poor effect in
decolouration.
(3) PAM
Polyacrylamide coagulant (PAM), as called as No.3
coagulant, is an organic macromolecular polymerized by
acrylamide and characterized by colourless, tasteless,
easy to solve into water and noncorrosion. PAM is
stable under normal temperature. But in case of high
temperature or freezing temperature, it is easy to be
degraded and its coagulating effect is decreased.
Therefore the temperature for storage and dosing shall
not exceed 65 CC, and indoor temperature shall not be
lower than 2CC.
recvcied oaper Cr"Oe% and rnirnnnwent
96
(3) Analysis of effect on environment
According to analysis of characteristics of chemicals
used in the waste water treatment, the three chemicals
will not produce harmful substances to environment..
Therefore it will cause no negativ
environment.
7.6 Preliminary analysis of influence of waste water treat-
ment plant during construction period on environment.
The waste water treatment plant project is consists of
diversion hidden channel, waste water treatment plant
and water delivering project. The diversion hidden'
channel is characterized by excavating in large channel
and transporting away of earth cut; the waste water
treatment plant construction is characterized by
excessive burried engineering and many surplus earth
cut. But because the reference elevation of the plant
floor should be over the warning floodwater level to
achieve the safety elevation of 17m, therefore, afterOJL 1 .
stripping of topsoil, the large volume of earth should
be filled to reach the designed reference elevation.
The filling earth required is taken irom the outside
and self excavation of the hydraulic structures. For
water delivering pipeline the pipes will be laid with
open channel and there is possible transporting away of
surplus earth. From rough estimation between excessive
earth and deficit earth in abovementioned three parts,
the general balance of the earth can be achieved in
complementarity. In order to save man power andrecvcled paper tc.-Ig% and rmim-nment
It /7 1-n 7 ._ _ - / t U
/ 6a~ & fA I V
material and minimize effec of construction on
environment as far as p sible, the complete
construction plan should be worked out, to make the
earth transporting, refilling, and efficient
utilization of vehicles reasonably.
The project site is located in the western side of
western tailings basin of Anshan Iron and Steel
Company, have no residence points and production
activities there and it is an idle land located between
the railway in west side and tailings basin in East.
From thi s can see, there is a large room for
constructi. Although the construction noise and dust
generating during transporting causes a certain
influence on envir nment and construction people, but
their effects are limited. They have not large
influence .on further residence points. Because at the
plant building places there is a little amount of trees
and vegetation and there is no rare and valuable kinds
and not also the agricultural land, therefore in spite
of the building of the plant destroys the land, there
will not be problem to destroy the ecology.
From abovementioned description, the plant site
selected at the unused land is a reasonable alternative
and can minimise the influence of the construction on
environment. /Jo {y)4- /
7.7 Influence of built project on terrestrial plant and
under water biology
The terrestrial plants around the site of the waste
recycled oaDer eruI1gn and rninnnaurn
98
water treatment plant are mainly meadow plants growing
on the local uncultivated, such as green bristlegrass,
reed etc. as well as artificial cultivated fruit trees
and poplar, willow, locust tree etc. The agricultural
crops are more complete, from which the grain crops
mainly are rice, wheat, sorghum etc. while oil plants
are soybean, sesame peanut etc. Because of very
developed industrial and agricultural economy and
sufficient development and utilization of the land, no
primitive natural ecology is existing. From pollution
of agricultural crops due to irrigation of this area
with waste water of the western channel, you can see
that the rice and foliese vegetables are polluted to
certain extent, therefore the treatment of waste water
of western channel has a great impact on terrestrial
plants, mainly on agricultural crops.
Because western channel is a comprehensive channel for
discharging of waste water, so Yunliang river belongs
to seriously polluted water body, therefore, the fish
and shrimp in the river have disappeared, and no 5 /4
7.8 Influence of built project on utilization of land,
social economy
The plant site o wa-ter treatment planti
located at wester sin o Anshan - _
Iron and Steel Company where is idle land to used. Th
building up of waste water treatment plant will firstrecvcled Paper hg and en4innmeni
99
no occupy the agricultural field, secondly no require
move of residents, at same time utilizes rationally
this unused land to treat the waste water of the
western channel so as to improve the water quality of
Yunliang river, eliminate pollution of soil and crops
of agricultural irrigation area and minimize the
pollution of the underground water. When the waste
water treatment plant is built up, the waste water
. after treatment can be reused, to relieve the tension
of water supplying for Anshan City and water resource
is sufficiently utilized. Therefore, building up of
waste water treatment plant makes the sufficient and
rational utilization of the land, it's social economic
benefits is obvious, improves the living environment of
people and ecological environment, protects water
resource, makes sufficient comprehensive efficiency of
water source to suit requirement of development of
national economy and living of people.
8. Economic, social and environmental benefits of the
proposed project
8.1 Analysis of ec am of the project
8.1.1 Description on cost of waste water treatment plant
under varying operation conditions.
ine treatment capacity of the waste water treatment.
plant is varying in different stages and recovery of
water volume is varying with irrigation. Table 8-1
Silows the treatment volume of water and reusing volume
oi WaLter usiider v4rYing srages arLd varyiuag corisunap;ion
recvcled gaper eploe't and inrim.-...
100
of water as well as reusing volume w ater.
Table 8-1 Treating volume of water and reusing volume of
water in the varying stages and varying
consumption of water.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Stages* I II III-----------------------------------------------------------------
Water treating* 192000 212400 220600volume (m3/d)
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Reusing No rain and 168000 186000 193000of No irrigation (A)water ------- -- -- --- -- -- --- -- -- --- -- -- --- -- --volume No rain, but in 130000 152000 160000m3/d irrigation (B)
Having rain, but 168000 186000 193000no irrigation (C)------------------------------------------------------
Having irrigation 168000 186000 193000after raining (D)
According to the industrial development plan of the
Anshazi city, the civic drainage divided into st es I,
1I and III, and stage III will be executed 2
(1) Calculation of the cost " /:r Ai %,
According to the data given in the report on the
feasibility study, considering the annual consumption,
electricity price, labour wages and depreciation of the
equipiaent, the unit cost per m3 water is RMB 0.3,6. The
"nWLL4. LuLXa,. uust in case of varyin nt water
i s n:i. ~o, Z 8Ciu00, RtlEi 29,u ~3 R.IB
* 0,cti ely referd il the taole 8-2.
recycle-d- sGWaLe treaLme variable stages.
recvcled oaoer j fj6)'OinS"m 7°A
Table 9-2 Total cost of water treatment in variable stages
(ten thousands Yuan/Year)
Stages I III
Treatment volume 19200 212400 220600of water m3/d
Cost of treatment 2628 2907.23 3019.46-------------------------------------------------------------
(2) Calculation of benefits
In calculation of benefits only the direct economic
benefits from waste water treatment plant during
reusing of treated water of the city is considered,
while the indirect economic benefits will be descripted
in the following paragraphs.
(1) Economic benefits of water reusing
According to the calculation of present selling price
of water for the city (0.27 Yuan/m3), the calculation
results for economic benefits in varying stages under
varying water consumption condition are shown in table
8-3.
Table 8-3 Economic benefits of varying reusing volume of
water invarying stages X J</-------------- -------------- , ------------------ ----
Stages I T I
Reusing volume (13000 468000 151100 186000 160000 193000of water m3/d ------ ----
…___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ____ ___ ___ ___ ___-__ ___ ___ ___
Benefit 1281.15 1655.64 1489.09 1833.03 1576.80 1902.0210* Yuan/y
(2) Economic benefits on saving of expenditure for draining
of waste water
recvcled Daper 102 it and minnnment
?d
According to stipulations of the State, when draining
of waste water which exceeds stipulated standard value,
the cost of RME 0.20 per ton for draining of waste
water should be paid. After operation of the waste
water treatment plant, the waste water after treating
will reach stipulated standard and may be drained
outside, but majority of the treated water will not
drain to water body, therefore, the cost for draining
for waste water will not be paid. This cost will become
direct economic benefit. The cost savings for draining
of waste water are shown in table 8-4.
Table 8-4 Cost savings for draining of waste water in varying
stages
Stages I I III
Treatment water 192000 212400 220600volume m3/d
-------------------------------------------------------------
Cost savinbs 1401.60 1550.52 1610.38per year fordraining ofwaste water
-------------------------------------------------------------
(3) Economic benefits on saving cost for draining of waste
water
According to stipulations of the state, when draining
of water source, its cost standard of 0.08 yuan/m3.
recvcled paper hg and enmirmn.w.
The cost savings for draining of the water in variable stages
are shown in table 8-5.
Table 8-5 cost savings for draining in variable stages
-------------------------------------------------------------
Stages I II III-------------------------------------------------------------
Cost savings per year for 560.64 620.21 644.15draining of water
_____________________________________________________________-
3) Comprehensive analysis of economic benefits
The comprehensive economic benefits in various stages
will be obtained through coabination of cost for
treating volume of water and economic benefits for
reusing of water, cost savings for draining of water
and for draining of waste water etc. See table 8-6 and
fig. 8-1.
recvcled paper c-muhmge und rnsinnment104
Fig. 8-1
Ten thousand yuan/year
1200
6O 1100^ g In case of no irrigation
P. V 000
oc0
e 800 In case of irrigation
*@ 700
E0o 50Q -__ __ _ _-_ __ _ _L_ _
Ig 20 21 22 Reusing water amountTen thousand m3/d
Comprehensive economic efficiency of
different reusing water amount
recvcled Daper
i
Table 8-6 Comprehensive economic benefits with varying0.
treated volume of.the water in stages.
Treating Reusing Treatment Selling Recovering Recovering Comprehensivevolume water cost(A) price of cost for of cost for economic
Stages of water volume 109 yL4Qn/a of water draining of draining of benefitsm3/d m3/d lO0yuan/a waste water water lOYyuan/a
B10yuan/a lO 4yuan/a(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
168000 1655.64 1401.60 560.64 999.88I 192000 2628.00
130000* 1261.15 . 1401.60 560.64 615.39
186000 1833.03 1550.52 620.21 1096.53II 212400 2907.23 1
152000* 1489.09 1550.52 620.21 752.59
U' 193000 1902.02 1610.38 644.15 1137.09
III 220600 160000* 3019.461576.80 1610.38 644.15 811.87
------------------------------------ _--------------------------__----------_-__-_-__-----------
$ E3B+C+D-A
ILa
From table 8-6 and fig 8-1,' you can see that the
comprehensive economic benefits will be increased with
increasing of treating volume of waste water. When the
design capacity is reached, the economic benefits of
RMB 11.37 million /a will be obtained. When the water
for irrigation of agricultures field is supplied, the
economic benefits of the waste water treatment plaht
will be decreased, but obvious social benefits will be
obtained.
8.1.2 Relationship between project construction and
agriculture.
The'_u-m'.t_
part. of Civ .^i
field. The w&ter.;volume..f__-
I Jd.
Because the water for irrigating of agricultural field
is provided, the cost for drilling of wells for taking
the water will be decreased. In general conditions.
One well can take 300 m3 /d of the water. If the
consumption of water for irrigation is met, 177 wells
will be required.
According to the estimate budgets, the cost for
drilling of one mechanical well is RMB 300 yuan/m and
RMB 500 yuan/m of material cost. Assuming that the
well depth is 10m, the cost of one well is RMB
(300.500)/mxlOm=RMB 8000 yuan.
Therefore, cost on water for irrigation in place of
recvcled Da:Der 10 ..e. and enmin.nnment106
the drilling of wells is about RMB 141600
From abovemontioned description u can s he
economic benefits of construction of waste water
treatment plant on agricultural irrigation are very
obvious.
8.2 Analysis on social benefits of the proposed project
The construction of the waste water treatment project
has the obvious social benefits in either relieving of
water shortage for Anshan city, or in promoting of
agricultural development.
1) Building up of the project may provide the industrial
service water of 168000 m /d to the city. More then
half of the civic water shortage of 300000 m3/a can be
relieved and alleviate the, tension situation of water
supply to the city. Those above mentioned are in
favour of economic development of the city and raising
of living standard of the people.
2) Because of water shortage of the city, the industrial
out put is decreased by value of RMB 200 million/a and
annual benefits of RMB 2000 million is lost. When the
project is built up the loss above mentioned will be
compensated gradually.
3) After completion of the project, the employing
opportunity for 300 local people will be provided.
This is in favour to social stability and local social
development.
4) The project can provide steadily 53300 m3/d water for
irrigation of agricultural field. That is in favour torecycled oaper emelogv and nwiinmntet
,i nl
local agricultural development, not only in guarantee
of production, but also the improvement of quality of
grain crops will be achieved.
5) Because of draining of partial waste water after
treatment into Yunliang river, the gradual improvement
of the Yunliang riveT, eliminating of offensive odour
and gradual restoring of aquatic organisms in long tern
in the Yunliang river, where the fish and shrimp is
stamped out, will be achieved, at same time the
relevant improvement of the water area function of
Yunliang low reaches will be realized.
6) Because of improvement of river function, the living
and sanitary conditions of both banks of Yunliang river
will be improved and occurrence of infectious diseases
decreased naturally.
The people at both banks will be benefited considerably
from economy, living conditions. etc.
8.3
At present, a large pollution load in the waste water
discharged from western channel causes serious
pollution to the water quality of the Yunliang river,
Anshan section of Taizi river and their lower reaches.
Completion of waste water treatment plant will
considerably improve the water quality conditions of
Yunliang river and Taizi river. The discharge amount
of SS per year will be decreased by 75372.5t.
In the past, the agricultural field and crops. across
the Yunliang river were polluted to varying extentrecvcled oaDer elhhfb and emirninnwnt
because of irrigation with waste water. The completion
of the project will improve soil fertility and
performance of agricultural field with area of 15km2
irrigated for a longterm with waste water and quality
of grain crops will be improved. Because of make-up
relation between surface water and underground water,
the underground water in the shallow stratum of the
Yunliang river region has been polluted to some extent.
As monitoring data shown, large wells with depth <10 m
are all polluted and their water shall not be used for
drinking any more . The water from pressure wells with
depth of 10-40 m shall also not be used for drinking
due to pollution; at same time the underground water in
deep stratum has the tendency to be polluted. From a
long-term point of view, the completion of waste water
treatment plant will bring the great environmental
economic benefits to improvement of underground water
quality and protection of underground water source.
9. Analysis of accidents
The most serious accidents of the STP plant might be
the cut off waste water supply by reasons as follows:
1) Mechanical accident of the spiral pump or suddenly
power failure
The spiral pump of water treatment plant is the main
facility for lifting of water, which will control the
branching of water supply and.excessive waste water
diversion during operation of the waste water treatment
plant, therefore, once the suddenly power failure and
recVcled ap ' p 1vapor (40 n
mechanical accident occurred, the of waste water
treatment plant will be stopped, covered channel will
be filled and overflow of the waste water will be
occurred. Theses accidents will bring the pollution to
environment with waste water and cut off the reusing
wiater, make i ence directly tthe production.
2) Accident o v pump of t mud reatment system or
power failure suddenly. s
Though the mud pump is an auxiliary facility of the
waste water treat plant, but is the main equipment
transferring 0/mud) therefore it is important and
crucial to th le plant. Once the me ical
accident or suddenly power failure of the ud ump
occurred, the inlet and outlet balance a mud
collection system in the coagulation settlement system
is broken resulting in the fast settlement and
deposition which will force to stop the waste water
flowing into the plant and cut down reusing water
supply in case of high content of suspended substances
in the water. In that case waste water has to
discharge directly into Yunliang river. At this time
the river water will be recovered into its original
pollution condition. Because the cleaning of deposited
,u ~equires a long time, then, the standby water
e should be started to supply the water to reusing
water units in order to avoid the production accidents.
10. Countermeasures for alleviating of environmental impact
of the project
recvcled Daper revoEg and *nsimne.....110
The purpose of the measures for alleviating of
environmental impact of the project is to adjust and
improve the factors, disfavouring the environment, to
alleviate the environmental impact to a minimum, to
insure safe and normal operation of the waste water
treatment plant so as to achieve the objective for
protection of environment, improvement of water quality
and sufficient utilization of water resources. As for
planning and construction process of waste water
treatment plant No.1 in western part of Anshan city,
the measures will be divided into both construction
period(s ) term) and production operation (long
term). According to the feasibility study, design and
operation forecast, the potential influence has been
analysed individually and alleviating measures are
provided as per table 10-1.
From table 10-1, you can see that although the overall
and careful consideration and arrangement have been
done in design of waste water treatment plant, no grea
impact problem will occur to the environment durinn
normal construction.and operation, but if no sufficien
preparation and alleviating, preventive measures fo
potential impact are taken, the economic losses an
worsening of environment might occur if the the plar4t
is under abnormal conditions, therefore attention to
the measures for alleviating of potential impact shouLd
be paid. |
recvcied paper ' and eminsnmeni
111
Table 10-1 Countermeasures for alleviating
disfavourable environmental impact of the waste water
treatment plant No.1 in/western part.
Stages Impact Object and Reason, consequence ndfactors e . angeof impact alleviating measure for impact__________________----- eA6 --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - -- -
Construction De.aoyThg 3 ercy. vegetation In planning area ecided byof land surface geology, general layout. ug of
change local nature relief and vegetationhydrogeology should be in minimun range.
Decided reference elevation ofthe ground. Do not expand theland area to be leveled.Digging, filling land changingvolume should be reduced asfar as possible.
---------------------------------------------------------------- __-----------__
Dust rais- Water quality The waste water treatment planting of of waste water is located at 100. away fromtailings treatment plant western side of the tailingsbasin basin in west of Anshan Iron
and Steel Company. The basin isfilled with tailings powder.The dry tailings powder caneasily cause the dust underaction of the wind force,which pollutes the air ofadjacent region. In order toreduce pollution to the plant-and protect water quality aftercleaning. The basin will becovered with concrete plate.For operation area, thesprinkling will be done.
--------------------------------------------------------------------- __------__
Transport- Road traffic Transporting input and outputing during volume of the vehicles duringconstruct- construction is very large. Inion avoid traffic jam, the night
travelling of vehicles, utiliz-ing favourable condition ofless people in suburb. Thiswill alleviate day load of thetrunk lines, avoid accidentsand traffic jam and troublingthe people with noise produced.
___________________________112___________________a___d_________________________
recycledpaper 112 rbgsoi and eninmnmeni
Stages Impact Object and Reason, consequence andfactors range of impact alleviating measures for impact
Dust rais- Construction site Usual sprinkling with watering during and adjacent area will be done for inhibiting ofconstruct- the dust for the constructionion site and transporting line.
The Intermediate processshould be reduced duringdigging and filling. Thetransporting into positionshould be done in one step asfar &a possible becausetransferring of dust volumecauses largest volume of dust,so scientific organizativeconstruction should be done inorder to avoid repeatoperation and reduce noisereduction.
Operation Accident Electric break Its important position is aof down and water set of spiral pumps, this is aequipm ts shut down of self flowing system after
lifting, if the electricbreaking down is done, thenall the present situation willbe paralyzed. At this time,the level controllor of thetrunk channel will controlautomatic opening of bypass ofthe channel. The waste waterwill discharge into the riverdirectly with out treatment inorder avoid accident.
_-_--___-----_--___ -------------- ---------------------X______________Electrical e The aud6ump is very importanting down ormud/ equ Ip^wt for cleaning away ofpump ref c of in t settlement basin.mud discharging In case of electric shuttingin case of damp- down and damping, the mud willing. be deposited in the radial
precipitating tank under theoverload. When it is underthis situation, the scraperwill not be rotated afterturning on of electricity, thepump will not pump out the mudcompressed. This imposes theplant to be shutdown.Therefore, the bypass gateshould be interlocated withmud pump. In case of accident,
recycled paper 113 r,nlog% and envninmenu
Stage # ' Impact Object and Reason, consequence andL/ U factors range of impact alleviating measures for impact
____. _________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________
the bypass gate will openedautomatically, and drain thewaste water in the river.
*d In case of electric shuttingehyd ation of down or mechanical damage ofmud dehydration system of mud, the
\ ye.ent transporting of wet\ or retransporting awayer drying in the adjacent
\ ~~~~~~~~~place.In case of Overload of the The plant should be operatedstorm waste water under max. load. The overload
treatment plant water will be discharged intoYunliang river throughautom::ic zpening of bypass.
Mud Impact tbe Equipped with sufficient,disposal landscape and tonnage transporting equipment
infiltrate into to transport the mud to theunderground water Heniuz2an ash storage yard.
Stocking of mud in the plantis inhibited.
Offensive Irritate the During arrangement ofodour sense of smell production management and
living facilities a certain4/protection distance should bereserved from odour source. .4t -same t.me, to the inpJlan Careenlng for soL the odour-oll ution problem shou i. caid attention. It is better
to consM FMEc wind frequencyduring arrangement.
-------------------------------------------------------------- __------------.__-
Noise Workplace and The waste water treatment plantenvironmert is consisting of praping
equipment. There is a noise ofthe fan. The water pumps andfans are installed indoor andequipped with noise insulatingpulpit, so they have notconsider-able impact of noiseon environment. The noise isdecaying with distance. Soimpact of noise in plantborder on environment isnegitable.
Collection Blockage of The waste water of wesL:rnsystem of hidden channel channel coatains a largewaste water will impact amount of suspended ferrous
…----------------------------------------------------------__----------------__
recvcled aper 1 14 .i.pee and rminnmnfrnt
Stages Impact Object and Reason, consequence andfactors range of impact alleviating measures for impact
overall situation substances, which characteriz-ed by great specific weight,easy settlement. The existingwestern channel is open ones.It is cleaned away every year.In the design, the hiddenchannel with large sectionwill be used. Though the slopeis increased, considering thedischarge of flood water andensuring achievement of self-cleaning speed in case of dryseason, so it is designed intodeformed section, even so, thedeposit can not be fullyavoided. In.case that naturaldiversion is impossible,blockage will cause the plantto be shut down for cleaningand destroy normal operationand reusing of water treated,so direct influence onproduction will be bringingout. In order to clean awaydeposits of the hidden channelin a time., the cleaningopenings should be arranged onthe channel. They should beequipped with electrical powersource. In order to draw outwith air.
1~~~~1
115 cet-Wrt and envinnmenirecycled Daper
11. Analysis and control countermeasures of main pollution
sources of waste water collection system of the waste
water treatment plant.
11.1 Analysis of main pollution source
recycled paper ertlovi and r.mintment
It is difficult to monitor, calculate and investigate
one by one the water flow and water quality of all the
pollution sources discharged into western channel in
this assessment. In order to know well and understand
the discharge of the pollution sources of the enter
prices into the plant, the related data such as
"Harnessing Plan", "Investigation and assessment of
pollution sources for project of western water system"
and "Report about impact of expansion project on
environment for Anshan Iron and Steel Company" are
refereced in the analysis of main pollution source. The
composition of the western water system. is shown in
fig 11-1.
From the date abovementioned, You can see that the
waste water entering into waste water treatment plant
is coming from 28 enterprises, of which, 6 enterprises
discharge the waste water into waste water treatment
plant through the oxygen plant channel and 22 into the
STP through the of the refractory plant channel. The
waste water amount collected by the waste wat-er
treatment plant is 8258 m3 /h, contained suspended
substances of 76101.76 t/a, COD of 6438.27 t/a volatile
phenol 29.80t/a, cyanide 16.31 t/a and petroleum(s) of
1770.46 t/a. The main pollution sources and bearing of
the pollutants, are shown in table 11-1. and waste
water receiving recion of the plant and main waste
water discharging positions is shown in fig. 11-2.
From table 11-1, you can see that the General sinter
recycled paper 117 .'o' and enmirunnmnm
fig 11-1
Wtrdischarged Water discharged from Water discharged fromfrom coking plant and power plant and| iron-making plant and
etc. steel making plant etc. ma
Water discharged fosintering plant,fo 1beneficiation
Western channel
channel for oxygen Water discharged from riberboard plantmanufacturer
______ Southern channel Water discharged from No.1 chemical plantChannel for
W_____ sintering plahtChannel for _ - Water discharged from synthetic fabric plant
W_____ refractory plant® Southern channel
for refractory plant,t |Northern channel for Bridge of raillsay across the Yunliang river
'Urefractory plant
from Yunliang river to the Taizi river
Diagram of waste water collecting system of western channel
I '. -- * - \ ~~~~~~~Afig i1-2I
V *~~(lnra inturin pln
g 5eneral cokine plant K _.
3. Iron-making plant A'
4. Ro.1 blooming mill\5Large aection mill
w wter tretentvpendnzoene for vasteof main plants discharging the waste water
a Table 11-1 Main pollution enterprises and their bearing
C. percentage ranked in first five places of the 28 enterprises.
Ranking waste suspended COD volatile cyanides petroleumswater substances phenol
Position Name bearing Name bearing Name bearing Name bearing Name bearing Name bearing
1. G.S.P 28.6 asp 89.6 GaCP 48.3 GaCP 86.1 asP 78.3 GCP 36.7
2. GCP 24.4 GCP 2.8 lsp 42.2 GP 4.5 GaCP 23.6 GSP 7.1
3. IMP 8.5 IMP 1.7 LRP 3.1 GSP 3.9 IMP 8.1 FBM 12.9
4. FBM 5.5 LRP 1.0 IMP 2.3 IMP 3.7 G.P 2.0 O.P 5.4
5. LSM 4.3 FRRP 0.7 T.SMP 1.0 TSMP 1.6 LR.P 0.1 FSBM 4.5…---- -------------
G.S.P = General sintering plant
G.C.P = General chemical plant O.P=Oxygen plant
IMP = Iron-making plant
4 FBM = First Blooming Mill
3 LSM = Large Section Mill
TSMP = Third steel-making plant GP=gas plant
FSMP = First steel-making plant
plant and General chemical plants are main pollution
sources. from which the general sinter plants will rank
first in the waste water discharging amount, suspended
substances, bearing of cyanides and secondary in the
COD and petroleums, while the chemical plants will rank
first in the COD, petroleums and volatile phenol,
secondary in waste water discharging amount, suspended
substances and cyanides etc.
recvcled Daper rnl.o and un-in.nment
11la
11.2 Control countermeasures of main waste water sources
(1) General sinter plant
The waste water of the general sinter plant is coming
from rinsing of equipment, floor and draining etc. The
drained waste water contains main pollutant as
suspended substances. For this water there is no
installed water treatment plant, so the water is
drained directly, therefore large volume of water and
high concentration of suspended substances in water are
occurred. It is proposed that the washing water and
draining water should be collected separated, settled,
filtered to recover and transfer the collected mud to
the stockyard as sintering raw material.
(2) General chemical plant
The waste water of the general chemical plant is
consisting of water from coke stocking and quenching,
cooling water sprinkling water for recovering of
chemical products. This part of water is not only large
in amount, but also contains much more COD, volatile
phenol, oils etc. The waste water from coking
plant of general. chemical plant will be treated with
secondary stages biological method. The treatment
process, is shown in fig. 11-3. The waste water after
treatment is used for coke quenching. It is proposed
that the operation management should be further
reinforced in the treatment facilities and water
temperature, pH value and gas supply etc. should be
controlled, especially in winter, it is important torecvcled naper e.rblog and enwin.nmrna
120
Fig 11-3
ci
a
Precipitating tankPretreatment Aeration basin
Waste water Diecharged waterfrom coking after treatmentplant [_
Air Regeneration Adsorptionlsection section
Returned sludge Remaining sludge
Flow diagram for biological treatment processof waste water from coking plant
3
G1
control water temperature in the north-east region. At
the aeration basin. the water temperature is controlled
within 10--400C the appropriate temperature is 25--35
°C. During routine operation the temperature of inlet
water should be checked, in order to guarantee that the
quality of discharged water will achieve the expected
effects.
12. Institution of organization and personal training for
waste water treatment plant
12.1 Production features 7(1) Good production coZeu -tion UdA4C...
The operation of water treatment facilities in various
'%7 cP111 ~ f the waste water treatment plant has direct
- relation with quality of outlet water. The equipment
should be under good operation condition.
(2) A certain fluctuation for water volume to be treated.
Because of much waste water sources, the water vollume
to be treated can be fluctuated at any time according
to the production and maintained at 192000 m3 /d
(preliminary period of operation)
(3) Water quality to be discharged outside guarantees up to
stipulaled standard value
In order to -ensure that the discharged water quality
after treating in the waste water treatment plant will
meet the requirements on discharging standard
stipu-lated by Liaoning province, the scientific
research and technical development should be carried
out besides for repairing and maintenance of therecvcled gaper woIoEte and rninonment
121
equipment and structures.
12.2 Requirements on operation management
(1) Water quality after treatment should reach the
standards or indexes for discharging of water
stipulated in the design.
(2) The capacity of the plant should not be lower than that
to b ated by the relative production system
(3) Th {u oduced during treatment of waste water should
be ted or disposed properly.
(4) The management of the facilities should be accommodated
into the management system of the unit. The special
operators and managers should be staffed. and perfec
post responsibility, operation instruction as well a
operation responsibilities and regulations for'
calculation of. operation cost monitoring andl
supervising etc. should be set up.
(5) If waste water trpatment facilities are shut down due
to accident, the measures should be taken immediately
and reported to the department concerned in time.
(6) Monitoring of water quality and water volume discharged
from the plant should be done in fixed points and time
according to the stipulated requirement.
12.3 Institution of organizations
According to the production characteristics and
requirement on operation management for the waste water
treatment plant, considering that the plant is an
independent operational and accountancy organization,
the overlapping of organization, overstaffing should be
recycled paper ehz and rnin.t,....
122
avoided as far as possible. The person who is required
to know well vocational work and grasp the professional
skills will be staffed.
five production shops (i.e. water treatment shop,
mdtreatment shop, water reusing shop, mechanical
airing and maintenance shop as well as monitoring
and laboratoring), technical department and production
management department etc. will be set up, see fig.12-1.
From the figure, you can see that the organization
institution is simplified, considering the concrete
requirements of whole production process., so the
requirements for operation of the waste water treatment
plant can be met.
12.4 Fixed numbers of workers and staffs of the plant
The fixed numbers of workers and staffs of the plant
are 300 persons, from which 36 persons are managing
ones, 33 technicians (7 senior engineers, 11 engineers,
13 assistant engineers, 1 economist, 1 assistant
economist).
Distribution of fixed persons for various work types
are as follows:
Water treatment process and maintenance: 98
Operation and -maintenance for hot water and steam
boilers: 28
Operation and maintenance for substation and
distribution room 19
Operation and maintenance for telephone station 6
transporting: 14
FecvcIec-oaper 1.23 ."PI4sE and emin.nmen
Fig. 12-1
Mechanical repairing and maintenance shop
- - Water reusing shopLi0
61 Sludge treatment shop
. X - Water treatment shop
Safety and guard sector
C_ P.roduction equipment sector
Monitoring and Laboratory0
U ' W Technical sector-. 4
Administrative welfare sector
Finance and supply sector
Party and Mass work sector
Administrative office
block diagram of set up organization
of waste water treatment plant
recvcled Daper e"31or and envir.,nnwni
Maintenance of trucks: 7
Operation and maintenance of air compressors stations:
12
,Laboratory 27
Mechanical repairing 15
Greening 12
Administrative welfare facility (dining room, bath):
19
Entrance guard: 7
12.5 Plan for personnel training
The construction of waste water treatment plant is
planned to start in 1993 and completed and put into
operation in 1996. Its construction period is 3 years.
Before the plant putting into operation , the personnel
of various category should be trained in a planned and
organizative ways. They can work at their posts. after
achieving standards through examination.
The training time of the personnel -of various
categories will vary according to their professions and
executed on base of related stipulations of the state.
The training places will be geared to the working posts
of related waste water treatment plant.
13. Monitoring system. and communication system
13.1 Monitoring system
13.1.1 Monitoring purpose
In order to know whether the water treatment system
operation, the water quality of the waste water
treatment is under normal conditions or not, the
recvcled Daper dWr Hnd mvinsnnsent
124
perfect monitoring system should be equipped in favour
to management and cost accounting in plant.
13.1.2 Monitoring system, item and frequency
According to the conditions of the waste water
treatment plant, the monitoring points will be arranged
respectively at inlet and outlet and general
discharging outlet of the main water treatment
facilities for monitoring of the water quality and
water volume. Because the waste water treatment plant
is an independent operational and accounting unit, the
cost accounting for treating volume of the waste water
discharged from the various plants and a certain
operational cost will be collected. In order to
reinforce the management and collect the fee from
plants which discharge the waste water, the industrial
waste water meters and water quality monitoring points
will be installed respectively at the plants with large
amount of water discharge and serious pollution of the
water quality for example General sinter Plant, General
chemical plant, Iron-making plant. No.1 Blooming mill
Large section mill, medium plate mill, etc.
Except for installation of flow-meters of waste water
for a part of organizations, it is recommended that the
fresh water flow meters should be installed for
consumers of large amount of fresh water to impel the
consumers to use water in a planned way and to increase
the water recirculation.
The items to be monitored: according to the water
,ecvcled Daoer e.l..gs and emninnnwnl
125
quality of the waste water of the pollution source, the
items monitored will be divided into those, must
monitor, should monitor and may monitor see table B-i.
Table 13-1 Monitoring items of waste water 4 b
Monitoring items Monitoring items of waste. water------------------------------------------------------------
items must Waste water amount, ph value, suspendedto be Measured substances, CODer , DO, Volatile phenol,
cyanide, petroleums, Cr
items should be BODy, sulphitemeasured
items may be Hardness, basicitymeasured
Monitoring frequency: The monitoring frequency
preliminarily decided as two times per shift. The
concrete monitoring times will be determined according
to the work conditions of waste water treatment plant.
The inplant monitoring system will be in three shifts.
For monitoring items, the overall -quality ensuring
measures will be executed. The monitoring work will
bring into inplant work assessment system. The quality
of work, quantity will be linked up with personal
interests of the operators.
recvcled paper rrI>cg and msnirn.t..'-
126
13.1.3 Detecting and Measuring Devices
Under the prerequisite that the monitor and detection
of the above mentioned items should be reliable, the
monitoring and measuring devices will be selected in
China as many as possible. The selected devices should
be effective and economical. The monitoring and
measuring devices are a important means of the
monitoring and measuring work, so its selection has
direct effect on the result of the work. The selection
of the devices should follow the concepts below.
(1) The performance of the devices selected can satisfy the
requirements of the monitoring method. However, the
devices too sophisticated and too large will not be
considered.
(2) The standard devices should be selected first. The non-
standard devices will be selected only if there are no
standard ones or the standard ones are not suitable.
(3) The devices should be as light as possible and they
should be supplied with both A.C and D.C power if
possible so as to facilitate the site monitoring and
measuring.
13.1.4 Detecting and Analysis Lab Persons
According to the feasibility study of the STP, 27
persons will be employed to do the monitoring and
laboratory work.
These employees must be trained well and qualified.
,ecvcled oaDer eruIsg% and mn.mnnwir
127
13.2 Telecommunication Systems
There are four telecommunication systems in the STP:
-- Administration telecommunication system
-- Dispatching Telecommunication system
-- Industrial Television system and
Wireless Telecommunication system.
13.2.1 Administration Telecommunication
There are 45 automatic telephones in the STP all
together, including 5 large t:pe autotelephones. For
this, a small-scale autotelephone station will be set
up. It will be located in the administration building.
The station will be equipped with a program control
exchange with 80 pairs of lines. There are a mechnical
room and an exchanger room in the station. The station
will be powered from one A.C line. a Ca-Ni batteris
panel with capacity of 75 AH is stand by to supply D.C
power.
13.2.2 Dispatch Telecommunication
20 dispatch telephones are required for the whole
plant. For this a dispatch station with 40 pairs of
lines will be set-up in the administration building.
There are a mechanical room and an exchanger room in
the station.
The dispatch station is directly powered by one D.C
line. A Ca-Ni batteries panel will be standby and will
be automatically started to supply D.C power to the
station.
recvcled DaDer .l.% and eirn.nment
128
13.2.3 Industrial Television
5 television cameras will be set up in 5 places (the
polluted water reusing pump station, the filter and
pressurization pump room, the sewage treatment
facilities) to monitor the operation of the operation
and work of the operators. The monitor will be
installed in the dispatch room.
13.2.4 Wireless Telecommunication
The STP is located in the remote area, but it needs a
lot of direct telecommunication with the outside world.
So wireless telephones will be used in the places that.
the telephone wires can not reach and where the mobile
telecommunication is required for the touring.
monitoring.
14. Reliability Analysis of Normal Operation of STP
For the reliability analysis of the normal operation of
the STP see Figure 14-1.
The analyses are made in the following five fields.
(1) Desijn
Design is the key to maintain the normal operation. In
the STP design, the capacity and the process flow of
the STP are determined based on the quantity and
quality of the sewage from the main pollution source
enterprises. The layout in plan is reasonable.
The quality and reliable equipment will be selected.
The measures are taken to eliminate the unsafe factors.
The necessary telecommunication and monitoring systems
will be installed in the STP.
recvcled paper e.Iush and ein mnnent129
F?igure 14-1PraceetGneneral ISeletion of COmmunicationflow arrangement equpent nystem J
n T Def lnetl pos9t o | Design l 1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~responsibility
W lorkted ouat saettoperation reguslatlons
|Haintenance _e:=:> and repair ^ uz 9 // s O . ".~H l?wsrd and ptunili1entset
ffi t // __t ~~~~~~Up the gtipuletilons ofspare parts a Sf
w e operation x r trc
\ } . ~~~~~~~~exnamnsto
> \ S ~~~~~~~~~~Total amount. _ r ~~~~~~~~~~~~covntrol
Personal Hornitorld
-2 | X t|educetlonll voca Iton | °oUtirce|sSP
3 hol~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~mn Hetin Oteso n ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Illet outlet Ju'neetn q3u*iPfent
2 ~~~~~ ~~~~~~Block diagram of STP operation reliabilityanal ysi s
(2) Management
The scientific management is the necessary condition to
maintain the normal operation of the STP. The
management includes the control of the total quantity
of the polluting source and the reinforced management
inside the STP. The STP will supervise the main
enterprises producing pollution, limit the total
quantity of the polluted water discharged from them and
keep the total quantity of the treated water within the
designed range. The enterprise that discharges sewage
more than the limited will be criticized, warned,
doubly charged and penalized, but the ones that
discharge sewage less than the limited will be
encouraged.
The post responsibilities will be set up inside the
STP. The employees will often be examined. Those who
work hard will be rewarded and those who does not will
be punished. The necessary management organization will
be set up to maintain normal operation of the STP.
(3) Monitoring system
The monitoring system is used to know if the operation
is normal. The system has two functions:
-- monitoring the discharge outlets of the main,
enterprised that produce pollutants,
-- monitoring the sewage inlet and outlet of the STP
(and the main treatment facilities if necessary).
By monitoring the quantity and quality of the sewage
discharged from the main enterprises, the STP can knowrecvcied oaper eCIIMEu and enmi.g,-....
130
the charges of the sewage quantity and know whether the
enterprise's water treatment facilities are operating
or not, and the operation is normal or not, so that the
STP can adjust its own operation in time. If the
enterprise's treatment facility stops, the STP will
require it to restart in limited time. If the
enterprise's facility does not operate normally and the
discharge water can not reach the standards, the STP
will require it to upgrade its own facility. In this
way, the main enterprises' water treatment facilities
can really operate with good result.
By monitoring the quantity and quality of sewage water
coming in and going out of the STP, the efficiency of
each water treatment facility in the STP can be
checked, and problems can be found out, so that the
faults can be corrected in time to guarantee the
quality of the discharged water from the STP to reach
the provincial standards.
(4) Training
The quality of the employee of the STP will have
influence on the quality of the discharged water from
the STP.
The STP will work out its training programme and send
its employees to the similar plant or posts to be
trained, so that the employees can be qualified and
can operate the facilities at each post well. Besides
the technical courses, operating courses and safety
courses will be often made.
recvcled DaWer enpI4's and eninarennnnn
131
(5) Run of Equipment
The STP must be operated continuously, For this,
routine maintenance and repair should be made to keep
the operated equipment always in good conditions,
The spare parts must be kept in stock, so that the
faulty parts can be replaced in time.
If the above five fields can be followed, and all the
employees will do their best to operate the equipment,
the operation of the STP will be normal and reliable.
15. Analysis of Potential Impacts
Based on the characters of the sewage in Xibugou, the
STP process flow has been determined. The process
equipment is m e ized and advanced. The STP must be
operated con ously, and any fault can cause
potential hazard, and even effect the whole plant.
Therefore, to maintain normal and a operation,
preventive measures must be taken agains the potential-1
effect and unsafety factors. In this way, the relevant
measures can be taken if the bad impact or accidents
occur. £ i, I 1. -w,
The STP consists of the water diversion system,
treatment system arnd treated water distribution
(dispatch) system. By comparison., survey, analysis of
running and accidents and simulating dispose of
accident, it is found that there are following 4
potential effects on the STP:
(1) the potential impact occurring when the power supply to
the drives is off,
recvcled Daper 132 ih,! and nmirnnment132
(2) the potential impact occurring when the flow rate and
quality fluctuate and the suspensions are deposited,
(3) the potential impact occurring when the treatment
facilities do not operate normally and the water can
not be reduced or the sludge system is faulty.
(4) the potential impact occurring when the quality of the
treated water can not be controlled, and the low
quality water will be reused or the enterprises refuse
to reuse it.
For the potential impacts to different extents and the
effecting positions in the STP process flow see Figure
15-1.
This figure shows the factors that have effect on the
whole plant and cause large areas to be polluted and
accidents to occur; the factors that have effects on
the efficiency of the treatment; the factors that have
effects on the use of water source; and the factors
that pollute the environment.
It can be seen from the figure that the water diversion
from Xibugou through the covered canal and the dispose
of the sludge separated from the water both are the
keys to maintain the normal operation of the STP and
avoid the severe accident. Therefore, during the design
and the management, the emphasis should be placed on
the "head" and the "tail" of the STP. Besides,
sufficient preventive measured should be taken against
the potential unsafety factors. This viewpoint must be
considered in the next design phase.
recvcled aD .errnaig and inin'nn,rng
133
Figure 15-1
Ma ter to
n~~~ ~ ~ 8- 0 I
* 9 0~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
o Seusge frO~~s I 1 0,
Cl I0~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
I , aSalu !1Adge te be
I ZsSF J C L.t~ o- --- F---O e----+-~--
trenepor td F(>J out ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ S
Floc1 e litoa reaetlencvrdsewage Zeo upused for bi'diio a, ., th (l)csnsl a 7r teete ar n(3 craew raisin begin 4sp ctl ( channel to SIP (2) Scr-enlng filter (3) eaee raisia (4)
.spet.:: This in bar "1't; . SIP(6) dLeposits e e t eseed tm tr sellCtllef ity e7) p pCLPiTle, is nress roewtion cre ilit-ersiold *t Once power 1s Offot pect
Legend I ed~.ed p5:5mg. t; t , p a; well. Oth*rIdset fells, Sn the b: etop.rapute whic sae eve orilOw pageuefrueng ot waer and lesult Ia sees i
lopret ~ ~ ~ ~ .h tcl1 *n nato eer ef:lOW bt p-ablt et:: reualty r atesea h ere arc os yt
the front open will het.1 isatd.cn. e*band 5?P has tostep.
(5) Lumber resoving boa ()l stage clarifier (?) lreseurising pup (a) papid filter
Th :::;;t attletenty of ones, pItet is . well
a~~~~~~~~~~Ti i sc folr e dpd rOincj pe rbs jtr;epertlent icS, I O Once p wjtla ofr I c elo .notrle
Legend l i u chan c wer th c eir In controlled treated watr rstsl wIs off. felit afte by etecPrc od quality cnd ber reued, water
4~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I' n:h b.le.-i wte
it Mill b l:O1dedQO s dore. ehsiseddrei related: wil bespoe ource Is lost and pollutiontreatd water quality wtf reusina of nd furpthenrtr t the ater of surTece water uhotele-hole plnt.' andwMill be Impacted. molar quality and water source re l s e eec ed will be heavier.A major accident occurs
a.Pc& C er a Primaryl screw ipm Slurry Suristr() sdtr lry (10) Slurry pump (ileiEfl 12) 9 13 1SLl filter 1press
tpact factor Ti sfre eeeigfclt.-4 !on water reute Once power is offer This is bay facility. smpact on Ti sfre osoigtclcr Aral fakils, Once power is off oPerati1 on sm 0 Once power Is mff or control falls.
-. ~~~~imapct factor slurry is deposited or IL isile,. eI:lurry is effetn Saee 10lurry will he discharged In original fore2 -- 0 ~~On environetent Istuur.twil deyceiteei In alsrfer Ieln is nd rosent wIll heo ~~~~~pollutioni ispa:ct on tr55I't willF ast device topaceetaipS e~~~~~~~~~~~~ffect. sNd even reclte sz5topfr el~u:rr removingoin blockage.
Analysis of potential iMpacts on STP during wholeprocess from sewage inlet to cleaned water outlet
16. Analysis of alternatives
The Xibu No.1 sewage Treatment plant project is the
first stage of the "Environment Protection Plan". It
can greatly improve the quslity of the heavily polluted*
water in Yunliang River and mitigate the shortage of
the water in Anshan City. The environmental effect,
economic effect and social effect are all very obvious.
Therefore, the technical process of the STP must be
aimed at the specific consitions and the proposed
objectives, its process equipment must be advanced, the
STP must be suited to the fluctuation of the water
quality, and there must be preventability of the STP
against the possible potential impacts.
The project should maintain the quantity of the water
for irrigation in this area which has the history of 38
years , help the water and soil is near the downstream
of Xibugou to be conservated, and keep the min.
flowrate needed.
The project must guarantee that the rainwater coming
from the upper reach area of Xibugou can smoothly flow
into the stream and the river to keep the original
capacity of flood discharge. For this purpose, the
following alternatives are put forward:.
(1) Diversion Works for STP
(L) Alternative for Silt Removing Form covered Canal
As the flowrate of the water coming into the STP does
not fluctuate very heavily (the range is within 7875--
8826 m /h, i.e. the max. value is 1.12 times of the
recycled Daper J5 134 c.hIs and .ns-on.-.-
min), while the concentration of the suspensions in it
fluctuate from 389 mg/l to 1692 mg/i (the max. value is
4.35 times of the min.). Further more, the suspensions
have large amounts of metallurgical particles in them.
Their specific weight is large, so they are easily
settled. For peeping, silt removing and airing, the
silt removing holes should be made in the covered
canal, and the temporary removed silt store yard should
be arranged.. L
(b) Alternative for Covered Canal Cross Section
The sewage water collected by the STP consists of
rainwater, industrial sewage and living sewage, so the
water flow in the rainy season changes a lot.
06ea el c m n m.
recvcled oaoer CV110 annl emnenmentun
According to the hydrological information, the flow in
the rainy season is about twice as much as the normal
flow.The diversion capacity of the covered canal must
satisfy the rainwater runoff.The rainy season is from
July to A.ugust, while the dry season is much longer.
If the regular cross section of the canal is taken in
the design and the bottom width f ixed, as the water
becomes shallow, the flow speed becomes smaller. If the
self cleaning velocity is determined against the dry
season, the floody water in the rainy season will erode
tXu nal's bottom mud and make pollution still
e vier. n this case, the STP will run with
es and cannot guarantee the quality of the
tr ated water. If the self cleaning velocity is
cueined against the floody season, the flow speed
can not meet the requirement of self-cleaning ,and
long-term deposit will occur, which may cause the canal
to be blocked by the silt that is not removed in time.
Otherwise, the silt-removing will be too heavy.
In consideration of the above mentioned situation, the
cross section of the canal should be designed based on
the water flow fluctuation and the fixed self-cleaning
velocity.
Cc) Arrangement of Ventilation Holes
The bad smelling gases exit from the Xibugou sewage are
mainly H2S, ammonia, benzol, and naphthol.These gases
and vapors are harmful to the persons who will remove
silt or make inspection in the canal. So ventilation
recvcled DaDer _crului and emininmtn,
136
holes will be arranged along the covered canal.
(2) Alternative for Excess Water Discharge
According to the process flow of the STP, all the
polluted water will go through the matter removing
device and then be discharged into Xibugou, that is,the
excess water is also raised before discharge. Although
the quality of the excess water can be improved, more
power is consumed and there are possible unsafety
factors. Once power is off or mechanical equipment
fails, the polluted water will be retained and
overflowd with unpredictable results. Besides, the
precipitation changes in a large range, so sometimes
the pumps have to be operated in bad weather. In order
to save power, an overfall dam is 'recommended to be
built up and the excess water will go over it and
through the passby into Xibugou. The impact load on the
screw pump motors will be reduced , and so the pump's
operation life will be longer, and the unsafety factors
will be decreased.
(3) Adjustment to Ununiform Discharge With Canals
The STP has no enough means to adjust the water
quantity, and will often operate in the fluctuating
water flow. It makes the addition of the chemicals
diffficult to be adjusted, and the flow of reused water
and the water quality can not be satified. By analysing
he different curves of' passing water flow, the
calculated value of adjusted volume of the water needed
for the STP is 3100m.There are nearly 700m of covered
recvcled aper 137 roig% and ,nvinrnmeni
canal.If the cross section of the canal near the STP
can be increased, and it is changed into the open
canal, the canal can be used both for diversion and for
water storage. Besides,this makes silt-removing easier
and the water can be exposed to avoid bad smell. ' 4'
(4) Utilization of Sludge
By analysing the bottom mud in Xibugou, it is known
that the Fe content is 41.32%. It exists mainly in the
form of particles of Feo and Fe2O3. In the near future,
the sludge quantity will be 125,000 tons with Fe
content 52000 ton t per year, and even much more
if adding up th mud moved along Xibugou.
Therefore, the sludge are valuable to be reutilized.It
is suggested that the sludge should be stocked in
Heiniuzhuang.Once the recovery method is determined
the sludge can be taken out for reutilization.
17. Comprehensive Assessment of STP
Since the STP has impacts on the environment in many
areas, it is necessary to make comprehensive assessment
based on the survey of the background values and the
predictive assessment of single environment factor sn
as to find out the general impact on the environment
and its extent which will be the basis for the
strategic decisions of the STP project.
The comprehensive assessment includes the following two
analyses:
(1) Analysis of "Impact Tree" with Net-method
various plans and predictive activities of the STP must
recycled: aper 138 u@g% anci enl.n-nflffni
be first listed out,and then the keylink of "cause-
condition-result"(i.e. event keylink) is drawn. The
purpose of this is to recognize a series of impacts
caused by one plan or one predictive activity.By this
method, the keylink impacts of the second layer and
even the third layer can be shown and recognized and
the possible expected events can be traced. .
In this assessment, the "Impact Tree"is classified as
two branches, favorable effects and adverse effects.
The effects of the project consurtion are also
considered in "the Impact Tree",and analyzed together.
The results got from the analysis are listed in Figure
17-1.
(2) Qualitative identification
This method is used to make rough assessment of the
extent and general nature of the impacts possibly
caused by the STP.This method is to clussify the
impacts of the STP on each environment unit as no
impact, positive and negative effects, favorable and
adverse impact, short-time impacts, long-time impacts,
reversible and irreversible impacts and then assess
them. For the results of the assessment see Table 17-1.
It can be seen from the Table that most of the impacts
of the STP on the environment are positive effects and
favorable impacts and are long-time ones.Only the
construction of the STP has negative effects and
adverse impacts on th environment ,but they are short-
time.
recycled Paper 139 S&, and ,nmir..n--e
r1o5 t qutlILY asomod Figure 17-1
_~ ~~ r5 I -tntf_losb^"titwo otsiol Lund sou tolg rotoit Oooui tool9dtoo or James1
I r..t.z.zI... .."....UY? busingtW _IouttiW5 t * tt ho bath -% mats laud
stoat h-ouws oo-rod atwl-lo Vadso sortao1ohi Rtoad amass trufifle
Pilud votero adurw pollut .. 6 .of wmrl,o .l. s dust *woiodd
torho hltutonto114 brouhiate SV mOssiM bY rain Vassh uaided
frolaw1,41d totor owmporstin, rodsonedioul omoll rudamod
Lshmt isLtt toprusod
booby fVooO dioshres in ro " am wroirld-di&sohoso ofter roost Ltrout1o- sosid POlLVA t to rivor roduso
dlooshur5 LPaoo, doollO 5 fo wo, tatr-osl1 oofooretiodlo t sior osttoo MAn sttjbos-
Poltutats ro l aook nt Y0105OtA river Isoot Pods,od -wator ofl.y sayrsood
a toter tatto 4uhlLOsO fit&toto,- tuor ortn of turas -stur orotoo oritamel Sonse. olioautod
o.Crop psluotios roduoed_Cloorod oerlo
* 0.us tao solinttio" "ze .a" n lodsodo IrrlsaLionftte.ucoto tooled wt tr_ ooAl
oats, qsuty 1 0disun quality auporood
tt"s. pollotios roduced
roost of novetao asbd polilnots i to omtom ohaool raotoed
I. tutor quality btoruvod
tutort stull Oruad tutor p.ollution rodnud
Mhanou total potluatao, redwood
o _Aioa e tr Potlotboot roolsd ro_ed
a-tr 1atity tur tal, srowd
; _ 105501C Noarup _too roplacod by reod tutor
b-ast ood usama uov.l by msoaotlo_ tero, a saoa gsh _s - ato oo. ont now
o Sara ansi IOU Dot mousd hy tornaso truvotltus uA oar" *oasdtj,mAloodL,,
a an fillaf "comeo stood" byr torraso towlL.o oans ao grsoseai
' * Icosatruetlos 4rratfIC blooo"gs
D Ous oAd 101oisoUG 6ooo tr arlopartatles, and lood sod aloud, of huealius Mausrauto
CL4ct -~ Egs_ osusod h sos _ut poriug sod sttrn'us
Ulght qoialty soroaol
troonosa sotr qtul- troomd Lu LOd oooooo-isutbtoo ye .n 1flog off-ost-atotr met motto gad dspasorwo
- 4 fo~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~0004cEt dostuct"eta' ~~~~ouMol doposit
bl"k"e _or o"OV" usual in warr7 tLow-P PLed, VLo stt_ _ sifsIrer_ -ort b oeaor attos
a -Fsn__-1 ou htoho -soord oa au oort tie- ttod tuto _ * uhlqasotorod ssl dosoolt
* Por off tmod watur oatdday Off a ofroo r tse ro t
_ Poflemotod tutor walolog"oraa -tutr quality fltUoI- n tlo4routorog a1 vtaer ot
_ ftllmt- -r-P r-t_IS y,%" pow X er,eff-wz X|
* lonalalo and da*Ut- s bo
C t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ipolost Lu ootorad naval bee-ogo atitud op overflowa
s ~~~~~~~~~ ~~-Pt-* e rs@ esupply _u _tL so *r'd *"*e-ta_ spot w1
- truetotod.ovivwAt polluud 4ad feal ousl produced
_iltdsaia rouPt ooaIiIs'iIi spots aIu 4s sosvd 0000: 050
sym-Efter eousdost olkiaoLed-sltgro onooood an uluddo fp ataNJI with dtffLuotip ru a r slit roosolos
o *te ofiloaSloto taor- soaal ad tuor uroatoant t tos tuor o od
Of molittod tutor dowaAer troaoost-foo Mnol poft-,d
L -s" traaousnar -- boPoo
-300.tutr rashLy trouomd a" i4wlwohrgod throwst poaot guto poloisr.o.olumo uwoio
tL-OO flto, Increased netI freeod orodod by ralacsuto.. psflutloo la Fl'own Ioooo
recvcid gape Lotaaty oftutorlaoe MP IlututLotlu "loUus uso atutr troatemot offete dGIooiaro if commentary.
T…e.o~~fSTP oie-c'tt
Table 17-t Characters of Impacts of STP orn Each Environment Unit
Ci Envirorment ra Impactsj
| No ImPact | Pos rtive | Neqdp1ve v Fvourable I AdvNe se I Slort-time | Long-time | Reversible Irreversible|
l I Eftfect | Effect I Impact I JmPact I Impact Irmpact I ImPact I ImPact
IWild Living things I \] I I | I I t __j_ _ _
|Extinctlon Pevil I . I I I I I .
I I I ---. I-II. *-*---1 1 1 IIIlrrigatlon I I I I I I I J I I
I _ . I I* I . I. _I __A I_. |Resident Moving I \/ I I I I I . I I
jLand Utilization I - - I I I I I j|River Water OualltY I I NI I I 'I I I i V I i
|Ground Water j - j - I-I- | - | v i i I
I , , I I , . , .- ,1 INoise II_ _ ~ IaNolse_ t - ~ ~I I I I - 1--- ---- f - - - i
IAtmosPhere Quality I I I \/ I I 'I _ V __
IViewing uallty I I v I I \/ I I I V _ _ _ _ _ _
I _ . I I I . _ I_ .I, I _I. IEmpI oment 'W V I _ | _ | _ I I | I | I _
WllJater Source Utilizatloni | V I . | I I - |- | ____-__-_
INccordance wlth I I I I I V _ __ _ vILocal Program I I
, I ~ ~ ~~I I I I I I I I II
IConstruction Stage: I I I I I I I
3|Atmosphere quallty | | _ _ / | j v _ _ _ __|_|
Noise
| Traffic and Safety I I I V I I I J I ,I . _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ I _ _ _ _
18 Conclusion of Assessment
18.1 Feasibility Study of STP During Operation
The feasibility study of the STP under operation
includes the expected effects and the protective
function. of the STP under both normal and abnormal
operations.This STP is a systematic project with a lot
of keys which are restricted by natural and artificial
factors. Only if the each key item is feasible, the
whole project is feasible.For this, the STP project is
divided into 14 sub-items that will be the basis upon
which the feasibility is studied. See Table 18-1.
18.2 Conclusion of Assessment
recvcled paper ecoleo and emnirtonmlni
141
T Ie 18-l Tlhe Assessnment of the Feasibility Studs or Xlbu No I Sewage Treatment Plant of Ibshban City
r- __1______- -- -- - 1 -Irlu I ltai,je or Study IFeasibillty IPotenitlal lAiterrative jFeasibilty |
I I I rrOmiB Des laI IIneact I I from nssessment I
g ~~~--*I- _ _. -. ... ---- ,.__---.---.. . .............I .I-_ I I I< I s ti l Site: uureltes* | | This diversioni works will be | I I *al | I | Ihit test.Tle STP will treat | | I * I2 I I tIi.e l,eaviest ariA unit | I I I I* 1 Iccuiwt",,trate POl lution l o I I
I sc*ercvs.So the STP wil l | |I I treat 98.x or tI In I Yes I No No | Yes
I Ixila (xiur a(!o-r 62.Th P I III I It uhtauitm ol th I t . [ I II utliivaleiet Pollutirg load. I | | I
I Tl s rest or the sewage will I I I I II 1 ti rated separatelyso I
I I | | that 2km lobg covered | |It > I I .livorsion canal can beiSI III I rsliaitened.At mean time.the
\Nt | | udei~~bxrk;ilpi atl4 livilia|| ( I~~~~~~co- it C0b§iois for tite STP I
I | |sluvtes will be inproved. | _ | _ _
~~~~~~~I I- -I __ I I| It Iversion by Covered Camel: I Yes. it I Problems' I| .SIlt-removing holes and I
A 2 liLQ.Os .,r the sewaue from | there are I IDeposit in the covered | ventilation holes will be | I2 I AiS drid according tunoff of I satoe I Canal must be removed. | ade. | Yes |
r mnlruactes will be diverteds problems. 12.The covered canal nust 12.Sultable cross sectionor Idi nut thiy flow ftuctuates 1 I be ventI lated. I covered section should be I
I Ivery 'jruatly | I3-The self-cleanirn flow designed-The self-cleaningl| I | | speed should be kept I flow sPeed will be kept to | || | I I suit the changes of the | |
I I Ifl .
l~~~~ ~~~~ -I I . I II iatur Treatmtent Process Flow | Irregular watervriased on the static tests I Yes IQialltY occurs I Ho Y Yes
I 3 laut1l the irdilistrial dynamfc | occationally tbien the | |t |-st aid iii consideration oi I |ood result of I * I
| the Pixr treatabi I fIt bY I | treatment can not be | | II I ltiochomical method the I | kept. | I |
2 I I PihsUuxtt'irCiaI nu letluodwilll I I I I ~ ~~ I Ilee:sed
P I I I I I I I,~~ ~ I I I _ _ _ _ I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I _ _ __ I
* ~I -I' -.- I. I,I-. I I.II | Iegifartzewenitt of STP: I . I|I *I| Thie treattietit I roe directIon I I | I I
;' '4 1 Is thet saise as the directIon Il Yes I No NO leesj | rI o the fIow Iri tule covered I I I I I9 1 | taiaal. arnd the diversion I I I I I
-I I pirnt is as near as possible I I IITho wl,d dliection and | I I I I
I I iot:ctItoo space are Iconsiidered durino design of I I Itite aiareranenwnt of the I I I I I
I I f rocess I ine and the I I I I I{ ItIxiilar'y facilIties- I I I
_ I _ . .L.........................______________________________________ t _____________________________________ L _____________________ I
- , ,
I I nferll PlaFnriiivj: I I ckring lrroation| | The treated water is reused I Imake up water Is | | II 5 S las water su-Arce. and the I Yes Ineeded to be added | No | Yes In I | shortage or water in Anslan I Ito the Industrial | |In | I| wilI be !tiidted-.eaii time. | Iwater . II | |the irrigation w'ater and | I ' I I2 1 IP.rt or the dischanged I I | I II I water for water and soil I I| I conservation are considered. | | I I I| IThIe quality of the treated | I I .
I disciharged water wi!l reach I I I Ithe standard of grauP 11 of I I I Isurface water excePt the | | | *CODcr ard oil bilch will I I I .
itirlot reachl tthe StandardGrot'p V for surface water I '- I I |
J~~~ ~ ~~~~~~ ~ I- iI i- IExcess polluted Wiater There ar Oance power Is ofto the TThe automactic overfall dam |
| 6 i1 ;varslon: lunsarety Isewage water stops I will be Installed at the J || The diverted water goes I factor. I flowina further. and the Ilnlet of the covered canal. | I
t |thr-cMEh the covered canal I less Icovered canal Is full | The excess water will-be | Yes_ | |an.1 IS raised by the screw I fesibi land the water overflows | discharged Into Xibugou |
pi | pinipfAnd the fIxed amount I / with unexpected results. | after being roughly treated. Ilgoes Into the A I Power consuwt Ion will I In this way the overflow I| treatment swsteinwnwhile the | / Igreatly Increased If thel from the full canal can I
I lexcess water Is discharged | lJhole water Is raised Ibe auolded. || into Xibugoua atter being l land excess water Is |r| righly treated. | - discharged. I I I
I I I I I . I. I| Volume AdJustible: I There are lAccording to the I The section of the covered |
| |IThe volume of the t a t lunsatety Ihydrology analysis of Idiverslon canal will be |I 1 | structure before the Pew I factors. I Xlbugou.the tlaw changes I developed for both uses.the | Yes| I PUiPs and the volume of the I less I very obviouslYl.The Icross section area through I
Icoagulatino tank after the I feasible. Ichanges aPPear like the lIwhich the water passes will |2 I Iscrew puiiip can be used to I Isine curve.The volume Ibe Increased, and the |
I Irsike adjustment. I Ito be adJusted should be Icovered canal will become |I I | |about 3lOOm .In this |open. I I* I I I Icases the STP can I |I I I loperate stabily. I |
I I lManageopents,Ionitaring and I I The efPloyees maybe has I The emPloyees will be | |I 0 1 Detectin'j Systei"' I I not scIentitic Itrained well.The regulations I Yes I
* I ITe specialities of the I Yes lmanagement Idea.The lot the oPeration will be* I I LeIPilovees are enougli. I Iperformance of I made. I
I giI.1 tlie detecting atW | I monitoring and detecting I |l iig,iitoring means are I Is'stem Is poor.I staridardized. | I I I I
L _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I ___ _ _ _ . I I _ _ _ _ _ _
t - -T -g~1-
I I TelectImtinication and I | The adJustment. | The maintenaince | |c ' I nispatch Systeiii: I Yes I maintenaince and | and repair should | Yes |
| | ~tkderrized coe,rsrtiilcation I | rePalrs can not be | be made orten. I |0 I I isvstems and dispatch systemis I | made In time. I I In I uWI I I be used | I I I
CI
8 1 I Fom.jL.c Su ppi. Svsteint I I The power Is off I Ij, I 10 I P'owerl I I be fed Into the I /es lunexPectedly. I NO | Yes
I I.STP bY two Power Illes.Tlhe I I I I| c.dF*acitv or Power will be
I * _i.iut I I I tI I11 I riperating anci l.lvins IvI
I lFacilities insrP I ISI |IThey are eri,oeoh to meet the | Yes | No | No I Yes
rI reeds ro f'Eaity reParIng andI I ireit i re mai riteIiarce and
I I epair. aikd alIso to meet theI I livir'j. . I I I II I lreqiirements urder workina I I I I II ILconditions. I I I I I
I__ _ I _ -_ _ __ -_ I I 1 I II I r,Priact on Environnent | I I I I| 12 Siiirroumd STP I Yes | No I No | Yes |I I fTie Imeacts of Snoke.SOa and| IUbd simell on tihe adjacentI | lareas ar-e withiln aiilxwable I |I I reuulatlofns afnd ranges.NoIse I I| 1Ihas little Impact on the I I II Ioenvirornent. I I I I
I _ _ . I J ~ ~~ I I .I .II | SluJdge Displosee | | Noise and dust will I The transportation time I1 13 I Tlle separated sltid'e will be I res | be caused along the I should be arranged well | || | sent bw Lorries to lielniu- | | transportation line. lout of the rushhour. I Yes I
zi| zhuaa stidge field that Is | | II lcated to tihe southeast of I r I It the STP.The secondary I IIpaI ltlon wli be avoIded. I *
I | E*ected Effect of STPr | Flood has Intiuence N Yesa. | 'U14 Norreta I I dX of the c leaned Yes an winl lang River. o Yes
3 I | water will be feused by the:. I I enterPrIses ton mitiotare the I I I
S I | stiow-tage of uater source.Anid I I 3 12'. wil I caie back Into | I I .
H I I xlbuuou for water and soil I II coriservation.Dhiring the I II !Ilcxhl season, auecte more I
I I di luted water' from the river |I IwlII be dIrIectly discitarged| | into Xibugau after beinY I I| I rohlily treated. | | | I I
I ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ,-
The surface water network of Anshan City consists of
Taizi River. Anshan section and its 3 branches, Nansha
River, Yunliang River and Yangliu River.Every day the
network accepts 746600 m3 of sewage, of which 76X is
the industrial sewage.Now,the 3 rivers are all polluted
heavily.Of them, Yun]iang River has the heaviest
pollution.The polluting sources to Yunliaang River are
centralized at Xibugou.
The Xibu Nol Sewage Treatment Plant of Anshan City will
treat 98,7% of the sewage in Xibugou.The site of the
STP will be located to the West of Tailings Pit of
AISC. The area occupied by it is 175000nm5. By the end
of the first stage,the capacity of the STP is.~~~192000in/d,and finally, it will reach 220000m3 The
physicochemcial treatbient method will be used. The
process flow consist of flocculation settling and
filtration.87.5% of the cleaned water will be
reused,while 12.5% will be directly discharged into
Xibugou after flocculating and settling. This project
will radically eliminate the main heaviest polluting
sources of Xibugou, and will largely reduce the
discharge quantity of sewage and pollutants.The quality
of the water in Yunliang River and Taizi River will be
obviously improved.
The project will have outstanding comprehensive
economic results, and they will become more as the
treated water quantity being increaed.At the first
stage, the comprehensive economic effect of each year
recvcled paper 145 ccwulo and eminenmmen
will be 10 million RMB Yuan.The economic effect will be
reduced during irrigation, but the project will provide
remarkable social effect instead.168X10 m /d of the
water tr.ated by the STP will be reused and replace the
make-up water, so as to mitigate the shortage of water
supply.The discharged quantity of the suspensions and
oil will reduced by 75684 t/a and 1758 t/a
resp @tely,which will improve the quality of the
surface water and ground water and has large positive
environment impact to water source protection.Becauce
the project will provided the local area with cleaned
water for irrigation,the quality of the grains will be
improved a lot.Besides, the STP will provide the
employment of 300 people.
In brief, the selection of the STP site, the
arrangement, the sludge disposal,and the management,
and monitoring system are all considered carefully.
But there still exist some unsafety factors concerning
the excessive sewage water diversion and the feeding
water volume adjustment.In this assessment the analysis
of the problems possibly occurring during normal and
abnormal operation of the STP is made, and the
alternatives are drawn up.This,assessment concludes
that, if the proposed project of the Xibu No 1 Sewage
Treatment Plant of Anshan City should be modified with
the alternatives based on the feasibility study, the
project is feasible and can obtain the effects expected
in Pollution Prevention Plan.
recycled paper endgbs and ntinmnwnt
146
19. Public Participation
The Anshan Urban Construction and Renovation Project
Office and Anshan Environmental Protection Bureau
stressed in the Pollution Prevention Plan that, to
eliminate the pollution of Taizi River Anshan Section,
the pollution of Xibugou must be eliminated first, so
that the Xibu No 1 Sewage Treatment Plant of Anshan
City must be built up.
To know the reflection, requirements and comments from
the public community of various circles in the area on
which the project will be effected, a fact-finding
meeting was held, and 54 people attended the meeting.
The results from the public comments are listed in
Table 19-1 and 19-2.
It can be seen from the- tables that all the people
actively support or agree with the project.Host of them
think that pollution of the water in Xibugou is very
heavy,and the soil and crops irrigated by using the
untreated water from Xibugou are polluted very'
seriously.Therefore, the STP project will play a very
important role in improving the quality of the water in
Yunliang River and- Taizi River Anshan section,promote
the development of industry, agriculture and fishery,
save the water sources, and improve the health of the
local people.The people there hope that the project
should be started as soon as possible.This is a matter
to be beneficial for the coming generations.
recycled paper 147 e.utog% and eminonnwnt
Table 19-1 Background of Public
I _I , T II INumber of Persons I Sex I nAe iEducatlon Level occuPation
l Aflttending Meeting | I| IItale lFemale <25 25-.-40 >4O Middle | Istaff |TechnicIaniI I I I . I .l| | School lCollege I Workerl Farmerl MemberI
. . . _ _I * I. I * * * * * -1* 54 I36 18 191 ? 28 31 23 16 20 15 I 23
Co
Table 19-2 Results From Public Survey
Extent of Pollution of Xlbugou I Influence of Irrigation Water IAttitude onI ' lFrom Xibugou on Crops I STP ProJect I
IHeavy I Not -eavy I Large I Little I Active Support I Agreement w5th
5315 1 3 53 1 1 I 76 I 18 73.
a
a~
Annex 1
Official written reply to EIA outlines on No.1 waste
water treatment plant of Anshan City To office of
* Municipal construction and modernization projects of
the Anshan city
The EIA outlines on No.1 waste water treatment plant
of Anshan city(draft on reporting for approval) sent by
your office is received and the reply is as follows
through study.
1. Further describe the position and role of this waste
water treatment plant in the comprehensive prevention
and harnessing plan of water system pollution of the
Anshan city.
2.. The engineering analysis part should be
substantiated.The source intensity of the pollution
source deal with collection system of the waste water
treatment plant should be verified correctly.The waste
water transferring system should be replenished.
3. Assessment cost should be controlled within 110000
Yuan (The total Report cost should be reserved on base
of 10% of Assessment cost.)
4. Remainings consent-with the contents of "Assessment
outline "in principle.
Environmental Protection Bureau
of Liaoning Province
18 August 1992
recvcled paper 1 4 9 cclk and neirsnrmeni
Annex 2 Content of references.
1. "Comprehensive prevention and harnessing plan of watex
system pollution of Anshn city "(1991-2000), office of
municipal construction and modomization project of
Anshan city, Environmental protection Bureau.
Sept.1991.
2. "Investigation and assessment of pollution sources of
western water system project".Office of municipal
construction and modernization projects of Anshan
city;Monitoring station for environmental protection of
Anshan Iron and Steel Company.
May 1991.
3. Environmental Assessment Soucebook, Volume III.
Guidelines for Environmental Assessment of energy and
Industry Project..
4. "Environmental impact Assessment manual in Japan"(Jap.)
Compiled by Environmental assessment editorial
commisssion.
5. "Report on environmental impact of expansion and
modernization projects of Anshan Iron and Steel
Company".Beijing Environmental Impact Assessment
Corporation, May.1990.
6. "Experiment and study for cleaning of waste water of
the Western channel of Anshan Iron and Steel company'.
Environmental Protection Research institute under Anshn
Iron and Steel Company;Xian Metallurgical building
institute.
7. "Report on Environmental impact for Heniuzhuan Ash
recycled vaper ' 150 criogs and roviromment
Annex 3 List of the diagrams
Fig 2-1 Geographical position of Anshan city, liaoning
province
Fig 2-2 Position of No 1 waste water treatment plant of
Anshan city
Fig 3-1 Sketch of hydrographic net in Anshan area
Fig 3-2 Percentage of flows of each river in Anshan area
Fig 3-3 Proportion of low of rivers and streams in Anshan
area.
Fig 3-4 Proportion of Isostandard pollution load of each
River in Anshan city
Fig 4-1 Arrangement of waste water treatment plant in
plan
Fig 4-2 Process flow of No 1 waste water treatment plant
in west of Anshan
Fig 4-3 Flow balance in section of Xibugou to be
treated under condition with irrigation, but
without rain
Fig 4-4 Flow balance in section of Xibugou to be treated
under condition without rain and irrigation
Fig 7-1 Schematic of present pollution situation due to
discharging of waste water of western channel
into Yunliang river and Anshan section of Taizi
rive(Analysis of present situation about
monitoring values and forecasting valves in 1990)
Fig 7-2 Schematic of impact of No 1 western water
treatment plant in west of Anshan city after
putting into operation on water of Yunliang
recvcled paper 1 52 *m6p and .nwin.eni
river and Anshan section of Taizi river
Fig 7-3 Distribution of T.S.P concentration from boiler
room in case of quiet wind in winter (stability
of type D) Fig 7-4 Distribution of S02
concentration from boiler room in case of quiet
wind in winter (stability of type D)
Fig 7-5 Profile of axial concentration for boiler room
against the WSW direction
Fig 7-6 Profile of axial concentration for boiler room
against the N direction
Fig 7-.7 Profile of axial concentration for boiler room
against the NE direction
Fig 7-8 'Arrangement diagram of environmental noise
monitoring and forecasting points
Fig 8-1 Comprehensive economic efficiency of different
reusing water amount
Fig 11-1 Diagram on waste water collection system of
western channel
Fig 11-2 Waste water receiving zone and position of main
plants,discharging the waste water, for waste7
water treatment plant
Fig 11-3 Flow diagram for biological treatment process of
waste water from coking plant
Fig 12-1 Block diagram of set up organizations of waste
water treatment plant
Fig 14-1 Block diagram of waste water treatment plant
operation reliability analysis
Fig 15-1 Analysis of potential Impacts on waste water
recvcled oaper 153 . K and un%ifnmelWn
during whole'process from sewage inlet to cleaaed
water outlet
Fig 18-1 "Impact tree"of waste water treatment project
;
recycled paper nlWzg and uninnn-...
154
Annex 4 List of the tnbles
Table 3-1 Flowrates of river and percentage
Table 3-2 Comprehensiv.e Analysis of Pollution Extent of.
! insha river, Yunliang river and Yangliu River
Table 3-3 Comprehensive Analysis of Pollution extent of 3
streams to Yunliang River
Table 3-4 Comprehensive Analysis of amounts of pollutants
in Industrial sewage of Rivers an streams in
Anshan city
Table 4-1 Flow of Xibugou in different periods
Table 4-2 Prediction of sewage discharge Amounts to
Xibugou(western channel)
Table 4-3 Xibugou polluted water quality,Assessment
standards and Reached Standards
Table 4-4 Reference valve for assessment of feasibiligy on
biological treatment of industrial waste water
Table 4-5 Resultant Values from Analysis under Best
conditions
Table 4-6 Distribution of water after treatment in waster
water treatment plant
Table 4-7 Water quality before and after treatment
Table 4-8 Component of mud in Western channel(Xib gou)
Table 6-1 Substrates of Western Channel and Yunliang river
Table 6-2 Concentration of T.S.P 1S02, N02, measured in
winter and summer
Table 6-3 Monitoring values of evaporants from water body
of western channel
recvcled paves 155 rrmlogi and rnminnment
Table 7-1 Prediction of waste water discharging amount and
pollutant discharging amount of Yunliang river
and river system in 1990-2000
Table 7-3 Influence of waste water treatment plant before
and after operation on Yunliang river and Anshan
section of Tanizi river
Table 7-4 Equivalent pollutant load and its variation of
waste water treatment plant before and after
operation
Table 7-5 Comparison of water quality discharging from
waste water treatment plant, of river water at
DataiZi section with various standard
Table 7-6 Investigation and analysis of existing and
proposed receiving solid waste for Heniuzhuan ash
storage yard
Table 7-7 Parameters of emissions for pollution sources
Table 7-8 Pollution concentration value of the air
pollutants at assessments points in case of
differential stability under unfavorable leeward
Table 7-9 Classification of offensive odour substances and
comparison of odour smell with odour emitted from
western channel(Xibugou)
Table 7-10 Comparison of monitoring values at various points
of western channel with various reference
standard values
Table 7-11 Monitoring date of environmental noise of
day/night
Table 7-12 List of main noise sources
recycled paper enI,out and enIinmnent
156
Table 7-13 Forecast noise values of various forecasting
sound receiving points in day/night
Table 7-14 Consumption of chemicals for treatment of
varying water volume
Table 8-1 Treating volume of water and reusing valume of
water in the varying stages and varying
consumption of water
Table 8-2 Total cost of water treatment in variable stages
Table 8-3 Economic benefits of varying reusing volume of
water in varying stages
Table 8-4 Cost savings for draining of waste water in
varying stages
Table 8-5 Cost savings for draining in variable stages
Table 8-6 Comprehensive economic benefits with varying
treated volume of water in varying stages
Table 10-1 Counter measures for alleviating the disfavourble
environmental impact of the waste water treatment
plant No 1 in western Part
Table 11-1 Main pollution enterprises and their bearing
percentage ranked in first five places of the 28
enterprises
Table 13-1 Monitoring items of the waste water
Table 17-1 Characters of impacts of waste water treatment
plant on each Environment unit
Table 18-1 Fearibility study of No 1 waste water treatment
plant in west of Anshan city.
recvclea oaper 157 cralfti and eminnnmrnt
I
