INDEX

AAam Aadmi (Common Man)

party, 90, 106Academia Sinica, Beijing, 223, 231n84Accommodative elitism, 12,

89, 102, 105Addis, Sir John, 309, 311Afghanistan, 3, 6, 20, 121–123, 126Africa

relations with China, 14Afro-Asian bloc, 14, 159, 161, 162,

164, 175Agreement on Cultural Cooperation,

Australia and China (1981), 224Agricultural People’s Communes,

China, 12Agricultural research and extension

system, China, 58, 59, 70, 75, 81Agriculture, China

machinery, 77productivity, 56, 76, 191technology, 60

Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, 96Albania, 14, 35, 159, 164,

167–170, 175Albinski, Henry, 207, 216Ali, Liaquat, 89

Ali, Muhammad, 123Alma Ata (Almaty) conference

(1978), 151“American Century,” 4American Consulate General, Hong

Kong, 284Antonioni, Michelangelo, 63Armstrong, Hamilton Fish, 316Asia Foundation, 313, 314Asian Development Bank (ADB), 17Asia Society, 20, 304,

311, 312, 315Atlanta, Georgia, 173, 196Australia

relations with China, 206, 221, 226relations with United States, 10, 15,

111, 119, 171, 172, 182, 330Australia-China Business Council

(ACBC), 216, 218Australia-China Council, 223Australia-China Friendship Day, 224Australia-China Student Exchange

Scheme, 223Australia, Department of Foreign

Affairs, 217, 224Australia, Department of Overseas

Trade, 220

© The Author(s) 2017P. Roberts, O.A. Westad (eds.), China, Hong Kong, and the Long1970s: Global Perspectives, Cambridge Imperial and Post-ColonialStudies Series, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-51250-1

333

Australia, Export Finance andInsurance Corporation, 221

Australia, Joint IntelligenceOrganization, 220

Australian Academy of Sciences, 223Australia New Zealand and United

States Pact (ANZUS), 213Australian Labor Party (ALP), 207,

212, 213, 215, 219, 225, 226Australian Wheat Board (AWB), 215,

219, 221Austria, 303Awami League, 102–103

BBachchan, Amitabh, 91, 92, 105Bai Xiangguo, 214Ball, George W., 119Bandung, Age of, 7Bangkok, Thailand, 143, 240, 290Bangladesh, 2, 11, 13, 90, 97, 102,

103, 105, 147Bank of America, 282Bank of China, 195Bank of England, 18, 234,

244–249, 254n67Bardhan, Pranab, 104, 105“Barefoot doctors,” 13–14, 135–157Barefoot Doctors of Red China (Film)

(1972), 143Barnds, William, 317Barnett, A. Doak, 15, 313,

314, 318, 319Barnett, Robert W., 311Basic Democracy (Pakistan), 96, 102Baum, Richard, 193Beam, Jacob, 139Beijing, 3, 10, 14, 18, 20, 26, 32, 33,

35, 38–40, 42–48, 60, 62, 63, 77,112, 113, 115–118, 120–128,139, 140, 148, 159–170, 172,

174, 175, 182, 185–190,192–194, 196, 198, 211, 214,215, 219, 220, 223, 224, 236,237, 240–242, 246, 258, 260,261, 264, 269, 271, 272, 282,289–290, 293, 303–304,306–310, 317, 320, 329,330, 331

“Beijing Consensus,” 26Belgium, 304Benin, 161Bernstein, Thomas, 64Bhoodan movement, India, 101Bhutto, Benazir, 13Bhutto, Zulfiqar Ali, 13, 107Bickers, Robert, 244Bihar state, India, 98Birth control, China, 63, 136Blocked claims and assets, 192Blumenthal, W. Michael, 196Blum, Robert, 313, 314Boatpeople, Vietnamese, 19, 279–301

See also Refugees, VietnameseBonavia, David, 238Border clashes, Sino-Soviet, 38, 42“Bourgeois economism,” 187Brandt, Willy, 7Brement, Marshall, 123–124, 126Bretton Woods system, 5, 235, 249,

268, 273, 327, 328Brezhnev, Leonid, 35, 36, 42, 43, 46Brinck, Per, 71British Academy, 309Bruce, David, 3, 4, 9Brunei, 5, 26Bryant, John, 143–144Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 124–126, 171,

188, 189, 194, 196, 197, 319Bulgaria, 36Bundy, McGeorge, 137–138, 316Bundy, William P., 119Bush, Richard, 316

334 INDEX

CCairns, Jim, 214–216, 219Calcutta, India, 96, 104, 105Callaghan, James, 258, 262, 263, 265,

270–273, 309Cambodia (Kampuchea), 16Cam Ranh Bay, Vietnam, 16Canada, 17, 21, 119, 122, 209,

239, 284–285, 292, 303, 306,309, 316

Canberra, Australia, 207, 208, 220Canton (Guangzhou), 236Canton Trade Fair, 189, 219, 248Capital, China

depreciation, 56, 69, 75formation, 9, 16, 23, 55–58, 68,

74–81, 269, 273investment, 23

Capitalism, 3, 6, 14, 23–26, 151, 154,198, 271, 273

Carter, Jimmy, 4, 15, 20,121–126, 171, 172, 174, 183,193–197, 319

Caryl, Christian, 3Cater, Jack, 240–241CBS News, 135Chad, 161Chai Zemin, 320Chakrabarty, Dipesh, 92Chartered Bank (later Standard

Chartered Bank), 234Chase Manhattan Bank, 191, 282, 318Chatham House, 21, 304–307, 320

See also Royal Institute ofInternational Affairs

Chen Boda, 243Chen Jian, 16Chen Yi, 10, 40, 46, 113, 241Chey, Jocelyn, 223Chicago school, 23China Council for the Promotion of

International Trade, 218, 236

“China Dream,” 153China Medical Association

(CMA), 135“China Model,” 26China National Metals and Minerals

Import and ExportCorporation, 215

China National Technical ImportCorporation(TECHIMPORT), 191

China, People’s Liberation Army(PLA), 47, 167, 184,187, 237, 242

China, People’s Republic offoreign policies, 159; aid programs,

economic, 26; aid programs,humanitarian, 136; relationswith Africa, 144, 145, 146,153; relations with communistbloc states, 212, 280, 287;relations with Europe, 89, 165,185, 262, 269, 306, 311, 331;relations with Hong Kong, 18,22, 23, 26, 236, 237, 238, 243,244–250, 260–273; relationswith Soviet Union, 9, 10, 11,14, 16, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37,41, 44, 45, 47, 112, 113, 124,125, 127, 128, 146; relationswith Third World, 20, 25, 148,149, 160, 162, 170; relationswith United Kingdom, 219,225; relations with UnitedStates, 10, 15, 16, 20, 23,33, 39–42, 44, 45, 46, 49,111–114, 116, 118, 119,120, 136, 137, 138, 172, 182,185, 190, 194, 197, 205,206, 208, 211, 213, 217,218, 225, 312–318,320, 321; relations withVietnam, 330

INDEX 335

China, People’s Republic of (cont.)trade and economic policies,

171, 211, 257, 269,328, 329

China, Republic of (Taiwan), 281China Resources, 237Chinese Academy of Agricultural

Sciences, 59Chinese Academy of Medical

Science, 136–137Chinese Academy of Sciences

(CAS), 140, 224, 310Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

(CASS), 304, 310Chinese Civil War (1945-1949), 205Chinese Communist Party (CCP)

Eleventh Party Congress(1979), 269

Ninth Party Congress (1969), 31,33, 47

Chinese Foreign Ministry, 169,241, 307

Chinese Health and Family PlanningCommission, 153

Chinese Military Commission(CMC), 37

Chinese Ministry of Foreign andEconomic Liaison (MFEL), 167

Chinese Ministry of LightIndustry, 161

Chinese People’s Institute of ForeignAffairs (CPIFA), 21, 304, 307

Christian Medical Commission, 143,144, 147

Clark, Gregory, 208Clark, Grenville, 137Clinton, Bill, 26Cohen, Gerald Anthony, 319Cohen, Jerome A., 15Cold War, 1–4, 6, 7, 9, 17, 19, 22, 25,

32, 140, 148, 153, 160, 175,183, 189, 239, 280–287,

289–291, 293, 295,296, 330, 331

Colombia, 116Committee on Scholarly

Communication with the PRC(CSCPRC), 193

“Common man” South Asian, 90Communism, 32, 35, 140, 142,

191–193, 207Comprehensive Plan for Action, 296Compton Foundation, 318Confucianism, 11Conservative Party, Great Britain, 18,

23, 257, 271–272, 309Cortazzi, Hugh, 262, 272Costa Rica, 149Council on Foreign Relations, 21,

304, 312, 3161980s Project, 317

Cowperthwaite, Sir John, 247Cradock, Percy, 185, 310–311Crisis, sense of, 3, 92

in India, 92Crosland, Anthony, 263, 265Cuba, 8, 113, 147Cultural Revolution, China

causes, 243effects on Hong Kong, 238impact, diplomatic, 120impact, economic, 193impact, political, 193

Cumings, Bruce, 9Cutler, Lloyd, 121–124Czechoslovakia, 34–36, 47, 48

DDatcu, Ion, 316Davies Foundation, 246Dazhai commune, 82n1Decline, Western, 6Decollectivization, China, 58, 75, 79Delhi, India, 96, 106, 108n10

336 INDEX

Deng Xiaoping, 3, 11, 23, 24, 26, 27,34, 121, 125, 159, 162, 170,171, 172, 191, 258, 262, 264,287, 310, 318, 319, 320,322n15, 328, 330, 332n8

tour of United States, 3, 121, 125,159, 171, 172, 191, 320

Denmark, 284Dernberger, Robert F., 318, 319Development aid, 14–15, 26,

159–170, 175Dhaka University, 96Dikötter, Frank, 11, 24, 181, 198n3Dimond, E. Grey, 136, 137, 139, 140Diplomacy, cultural, 274n14Diplomacy, economic, 159,

164, 170, 175Ditchley Park, 311Dobrynin, Anatolii, 44Douglas-Home, Sir Alec, 260, 261, 307Doyle, Michael W., 26Dubcek, Alexander, 35, 47Dulles, Allen W., 314Dunn, Lydia, 294

EEckstein, Alexander, 184,

187, 188, 313Economic growth

China, 9, 24, 26, 173, 187, 205,220, 329

Hong Kong, 235, 263, 267, 269,271, 273

India, 96, 98, 102Pakistan, 94, 95, 102

Ecuador, 306Educational exchanges, 174Educational system

China, 68India, 98Pakistan, 95, 96

Egypt, 40, 149Eisenhower, Dwight D., 136Eisenman, Joshua, 12, 55, 185Electricity generation, China, 77Elizabeth II, Queen of England, 283Emergency Defence Regulatory Acts,

Hong Kong (1967), 246Employment, China, 61, 312Epoca (magazine), 136Eurocommunism, 3Europe, 4, 21, 36, 41, 124, 167, 225,

235, 239, 258, 269, 311, 331European Economic Community, 225Europe, Eastern, 8, 36, 41, 46, 127,

139, 165Europe, Western, 2, 3, 27n9, 185,

282, 327Evening News, 47Exchanges, diplomatic

cultural, 17, 120, 173, 174, 190,192, 210, 214, 216, 261

economic, 174educational, 174scientific, 189, 216, 310technical, 189

FFairbank, JohnKing, 119, 307, 313, 314Fang Yi, 161Federation of Hong Kong

Industries, 239Ferguson, Niall, 3, 27n1,

198n2, 198n3Fertilizers, 70, 71, 72, 77, 95, 168,

187, 191Fitzgerald, Stephen, 220, 221, 222,

224, 227Ford Foundation, 305Ford, Gerald, 4, 15, 170Foreign Affairs (journal), 39, 314,

316, 319, 320

INDEX 337

Foreign aid, China, 14, 20, 160, 162,163, 170

“Four marshals,” 10, 40, 41,42, 44, 46, 129n5

“Four modernizations,” 172, 196,269, 311

France, 241, 284, 285, 292, 303Franklin, George W., 313, 316Fraser, Malcolm, 212, 216, 217, 218,

224, 226Free-market economics, 6, 257, 264Friedman, Edward, 66Friedman, Milton, 23, 24Fujian province, 218, 329Fulbright, J. William, 314Fung, Edmund, 224, 227n14

GGabon, 161Galston, Arthur, 68, 70, 140Gandhi, Indira, 13, 90, 93, 101, 105Gandhi, Mohandas K., 88Gandhi, Rajiv, 13“Gang of Four,” 13, 15, 185, 192,

194, 264, 318General Agreement on Trade and

Tariffs (GATT), 17Geneva, Switzerland, 139, 147, 149,

150, 294Germany, Nazi, 10Germany, West, 123, 304Ghana, 161Glasgow University, 306Globalization, 143, 198n2,

257, 268, 269, 273Gompert, David, 317Grain sales, 56, 61, 72,

73, 74, 75, 186,187, 190, 191

Gramdan movement, India, 88, 101Gray, Jack, 306Great Britain

relations with China, 17, 21, 22, 89,141, 304, 305, 308, 309

relations with Hong Kong, 233,234, 238, 244–250

relations with United States, 5, 303,306, 321

Great Britain-China Centre, 304, 309Great Britain-China Committee, 21,

305, 308Great Britain, Committee on Hong

Kong, 259Great Britain, Defence and Overseas

Policy Committee, 260, 261Great Britain, Department of

Defence, 244Great Britain, Department of

Economic Affairs, 244, 249Great Britain, Foreign and

Commonwealth Office, 247Great Britain, Treasury

Department, 245Great Famine, China, 32, 56, 62Great Leap Forward, 11, 32, 34, 56,

187, 328Great Neglected Disease (GND)

Network, 152Great Society, 5Greece, 7Green Revolution, China, 58, 59, 74Green Revolution, South Asia, 90–91Gromyko, Andrei, 127Guam, 5, 283, 284Guangdong province, 236Guinea, 306Gujarat University, 96Guo Moruo, 140

HHabib, Philip C., 317Haddon-Cave, Sir Philip, 266, 267Haiphong, Vietnam, 115, 119Hamersley Iron Ore, 215

338 INDEX

Han Dongping, 66Hanoi, Vietnam, 44, 119,

140, 164, 165,166, 167, 169

Harding, Harry, 77, 316Harriman, W. Averell, 137Harvard University, 27n1,

109n14, 198n2Haslam, Eric Percival, 247Hatem, Shafick George, 142, 143Hawke, Robert, 206Healey, Denis, 307Healthcare as international issue, 149Heath, Edward, 7, 260, 262Hebei province, 74Heilongjiang, 37Henan province, 74Heseltine, Michael, 261High Yield Variety (HYV) crop

varieties, 73Hill, Edward, 36Hinton, William, 141Hitler, Adolf, 46Ho Chi Minh, 44,

166, 282, 287Hogan, Patrick Colm, 92Holbrooke, Richard, 319Hong Kong

handover to China (1997), 271immigration policy, 281, 283, 288,

290, 294Kowloon, 237, 251n8New Territories, 258,

259, 260, 270relations with Britain, 233, 234,

238, 244–250relations with China, 18, 22,

23, 26, 236, 237, 238,243, 244–250, 260–273

riots (1966), 235riots (1967), 237–243social reforms, 19

Hong Kong Artificial FlowerWorks, 237

Hong Kong Association, 238, 239Hong Kong, Executive Council,

247, 267Hong Kong General Chamber of

Commerce, 239Hong Kong, Legislative Council, 19Hong Kong Management

Association, 238Hong Kong, Protection of Investors

Ordinance (1974), 269Hong Kong, Securities Ordinance

(1974), 269Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking

Corporation (HSBC),234, 250n1

Hong Kong Trade DevelopmentCouncil, 239

Honigmann, John J., 96Hopson, Donald, 241Horn, Joshua, 141, 142, 143Hottelet, Richard, 135, 146Houston, Texas, 173Hoxha, Enver, 14, 168, 169Hua Guofeng,

15, 82n2, 126,169, 192,263, 264

Huang Hua, 40, 194,260, 310, 316, 319

Huang Jiasi, 136Huang Zhen, 136Hughes, Thomas, 195Hui county, 74Humanitarianism and diplomacy,

136, 289Human rights,

2, 7, 21, 191,194, 201n43

Hundred Flowers campaign, 11Hutchison, Alan, 145

INDEX 339

IIndia

relations with China, 165, 166, 175,208, 281

Indian National Congress, 87, 88, 105India-Pakistan War (1971), 99Indonesia, 26, 234, 241Industrialization, China, 32, 55, 58,

60, 62, 65, 81Industry, China

investment, 23, 26, 69productivity, 56, 65, 72,

74, 76, 78, 80Inner Mongolia, 218Institute of Pacific Relations

(IPR), 312International Economic Emergency

Control Act (IEECA), 122International Labour Organization

(ILO), 265, 266International Monetary Fund (IMF), 5International Olympic Committee

(IOC), 122, 126Iran, 3, 149Iraq, 162Ireland, 294, 295Irrigation, 65, 75, 76, 78, 82Islam, 3, 121Israel, 124, 328Italy, 303, 306, 331

JJackson-Vanik Amendment, 192, 196,

201n43Jamaica, 116James, Francis, 214Japan, 2, 4, 8, 9, 10, 21, 26, 41, 48,

116, 117, 124, 126, 185, 198n3,215, 216, 220, 234, 235, 246,266, 303, 306, 311

Jardine Matheson, 309

Jenkyns, Henry, 244Jiang Qing, 13Jiangxi province, 65Jilin province, 145Jimo county, 70Ji Pengfei, 307, 308John Paul II, Pope, 3Johnson, Lyndon B., 5, 137Joint Trade Committee (Australian-

Chinese), 215, 220, 221Jones, Dawn, 98, 109n14Jones, Rodney, 98, 109n14Joseph, Sir Keith, 23Judt, Tony, 3

KKaohsiung, Taiwan, 290, 291Kazakh National Medical

University, 150Kazakhstan, 43, 47, 149, 150Kennedy, Edward M., 15, 292, 319Kennedy, Paul M., 9Kenya, 309Keswick, Sir John, 309, 310, 311Kettering Foundation, 318Keynesianism, 1, 23, 258,

271, 272, 273Khabarovsk, 38Khan, Ayub, 89, 96, 102Khan, Nur, 41Khan, Rasheeduddin, 97Khan, Yahya, 103Khmer Rouge, 16Khrushchev, Nikita, 36, 37, 42, 44Kim Il Sung, 48Kirkpatrick, Jeane, 6Kissinger, Henry, 4, 10, 11, 44, 48,

113, 114, 115, 118, 125, 170,198n2, 213, 306, 316, 320

Korea, 21, 23, 36, 41, 95,116, 280, 312

340 INDEX

Korea, North (Democratic People’sRepublic of Korea), 48, 113, 116

Korean War, 23, 95, 312Korea, South (Republic of Korea), 95Kosygin, Alexei, 10, 40, 44,

45, 46, 47, 48Kothari, Rajni, 89Kowloon, Hong Kong, 237, 251n8Kreps, Juanita, 196Kung Sheung Daily News

(newspaper), 283Kunming, 34

LLabour mobility, China, 60, 63Labour Party, Great Britain, 265Land reclamation, 65, 69, 70, 74Langwick, Stacey, 145Lardy, Nicholas, 316Latin America, 2, 6, 14, 116, 144,

145, 160Le Ban, 164, 165Le Duan, 166Lee, Phillip, 143Lenin, Vladimir, 25Le Thanh Nghi, 164, 166Liang Shangyuan, 242Liberal-Country Party, Australia, 207Liberation Army Daily

(newspaper), 187Li Bin, 153Library of Congress, 62Lieberthal, Kenneth W., 316Life (magazine), 136Li Fuchun, 65, 236Lin Biao, 11, 31, 48Lin Chi-hsin, 195Lin county, 74Lin, Justin Yifu, 60Li Qiang (Li Chiang), 166, 269, 270Literacy, China, 66

Litsios, Socrates, 146Liu Shaoqi, 34, 186, 328Liu, Zhinan, 47Liuzhou, China, 165Li Xiannian (Li Hsien-nien), 217London Philharmonic Orchestra, 261London School of Economics, 246London University, 306Lon Nol, 116Lord, Winston, 320Lo Tak-shing, 294Louis, Victor, 47Luce Foundation, 319Luce, Henry, 4Lumumba Friendship University,

Moscow, 145Lutheran World Federation, 143

MMacao, 242, 244, 259, 260MacDonald, Malcolm, 260, 308, 310,

311, 322n11, 322n15MacFarquhar, Roderick, 306, 307Ma Chia-chun, 306Mackerras, Colin, 224MacLehose, Murray, 19, 243, 258,

261, 264, 265, 266, 267,269–273

Madagascar, 161Mahler, Halfdan, 146, 147,

148, 151, 152Malaysia, 26, 234, 247, 304, 330Manning, Bayless, 316, 317, 318Mansfield, Mike, 42Mao Zedong

death, 15, 151, 159, 169, 197, 264,304, 318, 328

succession, 192, 305, 310Mao Zedong thought, 14, 145Mark, Chi-kwan, 18, 29n28, 257Market forces, 258, 268, 273

INDEX 341

Market reforms, 26, 184, 280Marxist-Leninism, 24Marx, Karl, 25Massachusetts Institute of Technology

(MIT), 313, 314McCarthyism, 140McMahon, William, 211, 212, 213,

218, 219, 225McNamara, Robert S., 7, 138Medical relations,

international, 13–14, 135–154Melbourne, Australia, 122, 218Menzies, Robert G., 205, 207Mercantile Bank, 234Middle East, 3, 36, 46,

194, 253n52, 311Migration, to Hong Kong, 290Migration, rural-urban, China, 63Modernization, Chinese, 9, 12, 15,

16, 22, 23, 24, 25, 58, 66, 75,82n1, 86n75, 86n78, 150, 176,183, 185, 190, 191, 194, 195,198, 202n55, 210, 305, 319,323n25, 325n48

Modi, Narendra, 100, 107Mondale, Walter, 196, 197Mongolia, 11, 36, 43, 218Montreal, Canada, 122Moscow, 20, 32, 33, 34, 36, 42, 43,

44, 45, 47, 48, 49, 53n42,53n52, 112, 120–128, 133n64,137, 145, 148, 149, 166, 167,175, 192

Mosely, Philip, 313Most-favored-nation trade status, 171Movies, Indian, 108n6Mozambique, 145Muskie, Edmund S., 127

NNagorski, Zygmunt, 317, 324n29Nagoya, Japan, 116

Narayan, J. P., 101, 109n18National Academy of Sciences, United

States, 59, 83n12National Committee on US-China

Relations, 20, 194, 304, 314,318, 324n36, 324n37, 324n39,324n40, 325n47

National Conferences on Learningfrom Dazhai in Agriculture, 55

National Council for US-ChinaTrade, 15, 190

National Science Foundation, UnitedStates, 72

National Union of Tailors andGarment Workers, UK, 265

Nav Nirman movement, 99, 100, 101Naxalite movement, 90Nehru, Jawaharlal, 87–89, 104Neoliberalism, 14, 24, 151, 154Nepal, 162Netherlands, 39, 207, 304Newell, Bryan, 146, 147, 150, 152New Left, 6“New Socialist Man,” 66, 84n40New South Wales, Australia, 218New Territories, Hong

Kong, 258–260, 270New York Times, 41,

52n39, 53n42, 191New Zealand, 303Nie Rongzhen, 36, 40, 52n37, 113Niger, 147, 161Nigeria, 147, 161Nitze, Paul, 6Nixon doctrine (Guam doctrine), 42Nixon, Richard, 4, 5, 10, 39, 41, 42,

43, 44, 46, 49, 113, 114, 115,118, 119, 120, 125, 136, 188,189, 268, 314, 315

Non-governmental organizations(NGOs), 118, 173, 190, 304,312, 321

342 INDEX

Normalization of diplomatic relationsChina and Australia, 210China and United States, 312

North Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO), 2, 307

Northern Districts AgriculturalConference (August-September1970), 55

Nuclear weapons, 32, 45, 208, 217

O“Occupy Central” movement (Hong

Kong), 26Offshore islands (Jinmen and

Mazu), 307Ōhira, Masayoshi, 124Oksenberg, Michel, 125, 189, 193,

194, 197, 200n30, 202n46,202n47, 202n49, 316, 319

Olympic boycotts, 123, 132n51Olympic Games, Berlin (1936), 121,

128Olympic Games, Los Angeles

(1932), 127, 128Olympic Games, Los Angeles

(1984), 127, 128Olympic Games, Montreal

(1976), 122Olympic Games, Moscow

(1980), 112, 120, 121, 123, 124,126, 127, 133n64

Olympic Games, Winter, Lake Placid(1980), 124

Olympic movement, 120, 124, 128“Operation Junkheap,” 245, 247Orderly Departure Program, 294, 296Orleans, Leo, 62, 77, 83n15Overseas Chinese, 14, 17, 19, 23, 166,

167, 245Owen, David, 270Oxnam, Robert, 315

PPachetti, Federico, 15, 181–203Pakistan, 2, 11, 13, 46, 89, 94–96, 98,

99, 102, 103, 105, 107, 162Palliser, Michael, 262, 272Patel, Chimanbhai, 99Patterson, James T., 3, 27n7Peacock, Andrew, 223, 224Pearl Harbor (December 1941), 48Peking Institute of Genetics, 60Peking University, 68, 307Peng Dehuai, 34People’s Daily (Renmin Ribao), 114,

186, 187, 198n1, 236, 243Perkins, Dwight, 75Peruzzi, Roberto, 18, 233–254Pesticides, 70, 71Peters, Theo, 236Philippines, 26, 238, 304, 330Pickowicz, Paul, 66“Ping-pong diplomacy,” 13, 112,

118, 120, 129, 130n17Poland, 3, 139, 154n13Pol Pot, 16, 25Population, China

control, 58, 62–63dispersal, 66, 81distribution, 58, 72, 76, 78, 97,

186, 191growth, 55–86, 185

Portugal, 7“Positive non-interventionism”

(Hong Kong), 19, 23, 266, 273Powell, Jody, 123Prague spring (1968), 35Press, Frank, 171Primary Health Care

movement, 135–157Public health, China, 13, 136,

138–145, 148, 150,154n11, 156n45

Pullman Kellogg Company, 191

INDEX 343

Putin, Vladimir, 26Putterman, Louis, 58Pye, Lucian W., 313–315

QQiao Guanhua, 263, 307Qiliying commune, 74

RRadchenko, Sergey, 10, 31–54, 182Raghavan, Srinath, 2, 109n14Rahman, Sheikh Mujibur, 13, 102Rahman, Ziaur, 90Rapprochement, Sino-American, 8, 9,

10, 22, 25, 33, 45, 49, 50,51n14, 51n18, 60, 115,129n4, 139, 176, 182, 189, 190,192, 194, 198n2, 199n4, 217,310, 314

Rawalpindi, Pakistan, 102Ray, Satyajit, 92, 105Reagan, Ronald, 6, 20,

28n14, 53n42, 332n3Red Flag (newspaper), 187Red Guards, 32, 115, 199n6, 236,

237, 239, 241Reforms, China, 11, 12, 19, 24, 26,

95, 101, 102, 111, 175, 184,194, 198n3, 234, 243, 280,311, 330

Refugees, Vietnamese, 19, 20,280, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286,288, 289, 290, 291, 292, 293,295, 296

See also Boatpeople, VietnameseReischauer, Edwin O., 313Renmin Ribao (People’s Daily), 39Resistance to state power, China, 11,

105, 257, 268Rice, 72, 73, 95, 165, 186, 200n24

Roberts, Priscilla, 1–30,274n14, 303–325

Rocca, B.T., Jr., 189, 201n32Rockefeller Brothers Fund, 322n17,

323n26, 324n39, 325n47Rockefeller, David, 191, 192, 194,

312, 314, 315, 317–319, 323n26Rockefeller Foundation, 143, 152Rockefeller III, John D., 312Rogers, William P., 115Rolls Royce, 261Romania, 35, 46Rosen, Arthur H., 318, 324n36Rosen, Samuel, 139Royal Academy, 309Royal Institute of International Affairs

(RIIA), 305–307, 321n2, 321n3See also Chatham House

Royal Society, 309, 322n11, 322n13Rozelle, Scott, 72Rusk, Dean, 138, 139Rwanda, 161

SSaigon (Ho Chi Minh City),

Vietnam, 19, 280, 281–283, 285San Po Kong, Kowloon, Hong

Kong, 237Sargent, Daniel, 27n1, 198n2, 198n3,

268, 273n2Saunders, Sir John, 247Scalapino, Robert, 313–314Schenk, Catherine R., 235, 245,

250n2, 250n5, 254n66School of Oriental and African Studies

(SOAS), LondonUniversity, 252n22, 303, 322n13

Seattle, Washington, 173, 323n18Second World War, 1, 5, 23,

142, 280, 317Segal, Ronald, 104

344 INDEX

Selden, Mark, 66Self-reliance, 66, 182,

184, 191, 201n38Senegal, 161“Sent Down Campaign” China,

62, 63–66Shandong province, 70Shanghai, 70, 187, 217, 234,

236, 244, 250n1, 254n62, 303,309, 332n6

Shantou Special Economic Zone, 269Shanxi province, 47, 74, 82n1Sharif, Nawaz, 107Sharmanov, Turgeldy S., 149, 150Sha Tau Kok incident (1967), 241Shenyang, 38Shenzhen Special Economic

Zone, 269Shonfield, Andrew, 307, 322n6Shulu county, 74Siberia, 36, 49, 149Sichuan province, 145, 298n46Sidel, Ruth, 139–140Sidel, Victor, 140–141, 155n14Sierra Leone, 161Sihanouk, Norodom, 42, 116Singapore, 8, 23, 234, 238, 247Sing Tao Daily News (newspaper), 286Sino-British Joint Declaration

(1984), 296Sino-British Trade Council, 304Sino-Indian War (1962), 87Sino-Soviet split, 9, 14, 45,

137, 185, 314Snow, Edgar, 38, 51n20, 113, 114,

136, 137, 141, 142, 154n2Socialism, 3, 6, 25, 35, 144, 151,

251n12, 271, 331Soft power, 14, 20, 156n29, 305Somalia, 144, 145, 162Soong Ching-ling (Madame Sun

Yatsen), 142

South Australia, 218, 224South China Morning Post

(newspaper), 251n9South China Sea, 26, 280Southeast Asia, 2, 22, 144, 145,

260, 290, 309, 309, 311, 319,330, 332n8

Southeast Asian Treaty Organization(SEATO), 213

Soviet Unionrelations with China, 10, 16, 49,

206–207, 306, 308relations with United States, 10, 16,

20, 113, 122Spain, 7, 124Special Economic Zones, China, 287Sports, diplomatic role of, 118,

121, 153Sri Lanka, 162Stalin, Josef, 9, 36, 150Steevenhoven, Graham B.,

119, 131n27Sterling area, 17, 235, 244, 245, 249,

250, 254n67Sterling devaluation (1967), 248Sterling differential, 17–18, 235,

244–247, 249–250Stone, Bruce, 70, 73, 84n47, 85n53,

86n75, 86n78Strange, Susan, 234, 250n2, 254n66Sudan, 162Suri, Jeremi, 2, 27n4, 198n2Sweden, 284Sydney, Australia, 219, 222Syria, 162

TTaiwan Relations Act (1979), 174Taiwan (Republic of China), 15, 16Taiwan Straits Crisis (1954), 207Taiwan Straits Crisis (1958-1959), 37

INDEX 345

Ta Kung Pao (newspaper), 282Tamsui, Taiwan, 303Tanzania, 144, 145, 147,

155n24, 155n26Tan Zhenlin, 64Tasmania, Australia, 218,

224, 230n61Tehran, Iran, 121Tejada de Rivero, David A., 148, 149,

151, 156n42, 156n46Texas, 108n6, 196Thailand, 304Thatcher, Margaret, 3, 6, 23, 28n14,

257, 268, 271, 273, 277n58Think tanks, 21, 304, 305, 312“Third Way,” 153“Third World,” 14, 160Thompson, Harold, 309, 310, 311,

322n11, 322n13Thomson, James, 138, 139,

154n8, 154n11Tiananmen demonstrations, 13Tiananmen Square, 113–114Tibet, 21Tielieketi/Zhalanashkol, 43Time (magazine), 113Tin Tin Daily News (newspaper), 286Tissue culture, 73Togo, 161Tongzhi restoration, 24Trade controls, 18, 172–173,

211–212, 244–245Trade Union Congress (TUC), 265,

266, 272, 273Transportation system, China, 236Trench, David, Sir, 18, 240,

243, 251n8Tretiak, Daniel,

190, 201n33Trevelyan, Hugh, 307, 309, 311Triangular diplomacy

Britain-Hong Kong-China, 273

PRC-Soviet-US, 249Turkey, 304

UUeberoth, Peter, 127, 133n67Ullman, Richard W., 91, 319United Nations, 14, 63, 87, 118, 135,

146, 153, 161, 175, 207, 211,213, 219, 225, 249, 260, 291,316

Chinese membership, 207, 211United Nations Children’s Emergency

Fund (UNICEF), 147, 156n40United Nations General

Assembly, 126, 135, 146, 161,260

United Nations High Commissionerfor Refugees (UNHCR), 291,292

United Nations PopulationCommission, 63

United Nations Security Council, 146,316

United Statesrelations with Australia, 16, 21, 212,

213relations with China, 20, 118, 173,

174, 181, 183, 194, 304, 314,318, 323n25, 324n36,324n39, 325n47

United States, Central IntelligenceAgency (CIA), 18, 313

United States, Congress, 174United States, Department of

Agriculture, 196United States, Department of

Commerce, 173United States, Department of

Education, 315United States, Department of

State, 53n49, 154n5, 202n50

346 INDEX

United States, Export-ImportBank, 192, 195

United States, Foreign AssistanceAct, 197

United States, House ofRepresentatives, 83n15, 195

United States, InformationAgency, 315

United States, National SecurityCouncil, 121, 189

United States, Office of Managementand Budget, 115, 195

United States Olympic Committee(USOC), 122–123

United States, Senate, 123, 292United States Table Tennis

Association (USTTA), 119United States, Trade Act (1974), 192,

201n43United States, Trade Representative,

83n15, 123, 195, 203n57University of California at Berkeley

(UCB), 313University of Hong Kong, 142,

155n17University of Michigan, 115,

131n27, 200n25Upper Volta, 161Urbanization, China, 63Ussuri River, 10, 33, 182Uttar Pradesh state, India, 95Uyghurs, 47

VVance, Cyrus R., 123, 172, 196, 317,

319Venediktov, Dimitri, 149Venezuela, 147Victoria, Australia, 218Vietnam, North (People’s Republic of

Vietnam), 113

Vietnam, South (Republic ofVietnam), 5, 16,166, 281, 283, 285

Vietnam War, 3, 22, 35, 112, 139,298n46, 317

Vladivostok, 38

WWalesa, Lech, 3Walker, Peter, 261Walsh, Julia, 152, 157n56Wang Bingnan, 139Wang Guizhen, 147Wang Li, 241, 252n34, 253n41Wang Ming, 34Wang Renzhong, 62, 83n20Warhol, Andy, 8Warren, Kenneth, 152, 157n56Warsaw talks, 39War scare, China (1969-1970), 33,

48, 49“Washington Consensus,” 26Washington, DC, 28n18, 51n10,

132n56, 154n11, 179n54, 194Water conservancy, 82Watergate, 4, 120Wazed, Sheikh Hasina, 107Weihai, 74Welfare state, 1, 4, 23, 257, 264, 271,

272, 273Westad, Odd Arne, 11, 200n14,

298n46, 327–331Western alliance, 331Western world, 6, 17, 143,

238, 303, 327Wheat

production in China, 70, 71, 74,208, 209, 211, 227n7

sales to China, 215, 219, 221, 225White House Conference on Health

(1965), 138

INDEX 347

White, Ina, 139White, Lynn T. III, 11, 82n7, 198n3White, Paul Dudley, 136,

137, 139, 154n5Whiting, Allen, 313,

318, 319, 324n34Whitlam, Gough, 207, 210,

211–219, 225, 226Wilbur, W. Martin, 313Wilson, Harold, 258, 262, 263, 265Wilson, Jon, 12, 87–106Wong, John D., 19, 279–297Woodcock, Leonard, 179n61World Council of Churches, 143World Health Assembly

(WHA), 146–148World Health Organization

(WHO), 14, 146World Table Tennis Championships

(1971), 116World Table Tennis Federation, 115Worthy, William, 137Wright, Elizabeth, 309, 310

XXiamen Special Economic Zone, 269Xi Jinping, 26, 153, 157n61Xinhua News Agency, 152, 242Xinjiang, 21, 47Xinxiang county, 74Xiyang county, 82n1Xu Guoqi, 10, 20, 111, 153Xu Haifeng, 128Xu Xiangqian, 40, 52n37, 113

YYangtze river, 115Yao Dengshan, 241, 252n34

Yao Wenyuan, 185Ye Jianying, 40, 52n37, 113Yemen, 162Yep, Ray, 243, 253n46, 277n64Yost, Charles, 318Youde, Edward, 264Younger, Kenneth, 306Young Men’s Christian Association

(YMCA), 128Youth movement, 6, 63–65, 239Yuen, Susan, 238, 239,

252n23, 252n24Yugoslavia, 147, 153

ZZaire, 161Zanier, Valeria, 18, 233–250Zhang Jingfu, 320Zhang, Shu Guang, 14, 15, 16, 153,

159–176Zhang Wenjin, 320Zhao Ziyang, 13, 271Zhenbao Island, 10, 34, 36, 37, 38,

39, 40, 48, 49, 50Zhenbao Island (Damanskii

Island), 33Zhongshan University, 68Zhong Shitong, 127Zhou Enlai, 12, 31, 35, 40, 41, 42,

44, 45, 46, 48, 62, 114,116–119, 144, 160, 161, 162,165, 166, 167, 170, 176n3,186, 187, 212, 237, 241, 260,316, 328

Zhou Xun, 13Zhuhai Special Economic Zone, 269Zia-ul-Haq, Muhammad,

General, 107

348 INDEX