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China and the West Largely self-sufficient Agriculture Spanish and Portuguese brought maize, sweet potatoes, and peanuts Mining and manufacturing Salt, tin, silver, and iron Trading goods Silk, cottons, porcelain No interest in Western goods Only allowed to trade at the port of Guangzhou
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China and Japan in the Imperial Period
Sections 12.1 and 12.2 China and the West Largely self-sufficient
Agriculture
Spanish and Portuguese brought maize, sweet potatoes, and peanuts
Mining and manufacturing Salt, tin, silver, and iron Trading goods
Silk, cottons, porcelain No interest in Western goods Only allowed
to trade at the port of Guangzhou Opium Wars One good the Chinese
trade opium
British refused to stop trading it Lead to Opium Wars Chinese lose
Forced to sign Treaty of Nanjing British get Hong Kong Foreigners
no longer subject to Chinese law Taiping Rebellion Qing Dynasty
Widespread hunger and anger
Chinese people rebel Taiping Rebellion Led by Hong Xiuquan Heavenly
Kingdom of Great Peace All share Chinas wealth Hong built peasant
army and captured S. China Problems: constant feuding among leaders
British and French attacked sided with the Qing Foreign Influence
Grows
Dowager Empress Cixi Supported reforms Better education system,
diplomatic service, and military Sphere of Influence Japan gain
foothold in China Open Door Policy US - China should be open to
merchants of all nations Kept China from being controlled by any
one nation Chinese Nationalism Boxer Rebellion
Against Empresss rule and foreign intervention Defeated by
multinational army Consequence: Growth of nationalism Needed to be
more resistant to foreign intervention Government must respond to
the needs of the people Japan in the Imperial Period End of the
Tokugawa Shogun
Japan was isolated 1853 Perry and the US Angry over shipwrecked
sailors TREATY OF KANAGAWA Signed to allow US ships into the ports
of Hakodate and Shimoda, where a US consul would also be accepted
First treaty Japan signed with a Western country Samurai Rebellion
against Western Influence
Sat-Cho (Satsuma Choshu)Alliance Defeated by the US Japan need to
militarize to survive Sat Cho coup overTokugawa Shogunate Meiji
Restoration Iwakara Mission: Took ideas from other countries:
Sat-Cho emperor replaced shogun Modernize and Westernize Politics
prefects replace daimyos Prime Minister and Parliament govt w/
Emperor Military based on the Prussian model Iwakara Mission: Took
ideas from other countries: France Law Prussia (soon to be Germany)
Military, steel, medicine Britain navy US mechanized agriculture
Imperial Japan Japan became greatest Asian power
Imperialistic
Desire to prove power Sino-Japanese War Korea - important trading
partner Japan and China sign hands-off agreement - neither would
send armies But because of rebellions, China sent troops Japan
easily defeated the Chinese Consequence: Japan gained first
colonies: Taiwan and Pescadores Islands Russo-Japanese War Russia
and Japan were majorpowers after Chinas defeat Went to war over
Manchuria (1904) 1905 Russia and Japan started peace negotiations
Treaty of Portsmouth Gave Japan the captured territories Russia
withdraws from Manchuria and stays out of Korea