China

Modern China must be seen in terms of its past

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China is an ancient land with evidence of habituation going back

200,000 years

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• Civilization arose in China almost 7,000 years ago along the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers. These early settlements were made by diverse peoples.

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• Three historical facts that have influenced China:

• Never a homogenous country

• Confucianism

• Need for a strong central authority to function as a unified country

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• Geography has been a constant influence in China’s history:

• Mountains and deserts to the North and west influence has been to south and east into Annam or modern Indochina and the China sea.

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• There are three general periods of Chinese History:

• Pre Dynastic period

• Dynastic period(Classical period)

• Modern Period

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• Pre dynastic period:

• 5000BCE - 1700BCE

• No central authority

• Various states

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• Six dynasties that are of major importance:

• Shang 1700-1027BCE

• Zhou 1027-771 BCE

• Qin 221-207BCE

• Ming 1368-1644

• Quing 1641-1911

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• Dynastic period:• Shang 1700-1027BCE

– -First logographic writing

• Zhou 1027BCE-771BCE– Confucianism

– Deism

• Qin 221-207 BCE– Unification

• Han 206BCE – 220CE– -Wu Di’s reforms – China’s renaissance

begins

• Ming 1368-1644 CE• Quing 1641-1911CE

– Last Dynasty

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• The Twentieth Century Period:

• The republic forms under Sun Yet Sun.

• Republican party KMT fails to unify the country

• Succumbs to corruption

• Local Warlords Dominate

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• The Japan War 1932-1945 unifies KMT and the Communist (CCP) led by Mao Tse Tung.

• 1945 KMT turns on CCP and is defeated 1950

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• China under Mao and the CCP:

• Great leap forward; an attempt to changes China’s neo Confucianism culture led to the greatest famine of all time.

• Counter revolution reversed course and China began to pull itself economically forward

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• Modern China’s Major problems:

• Ideology: Is it Capitalist or Communist?

• Will Central Authority Hold?

• Income Gap; Average worker earns $994.00 per year

• Rural poverty is intense