Children PlayChildren Play

What is play?What is play?

Identify the different types of play.Identify the different types of play.

Identify and explain factors affecting the child Identify and explain factors affecting the child opportunity to play.opportunity to play.

Explore the relevant of play in relation to child Explore the relevant of play in relation to child growth and development.growth and development.

What is play therapy?What is play therapy?

Explore and critically reflect the used of play Explore and critically reflect the used of play therapeutically in the hospital setting.therapeutically in the hospital setting.

What is play ?What is play ?Children are growing up in a rapid changing Children are growing up in a rapid changing

world world expecting children to know and expecting children to know and able to do things like adult do.able to do things like adult do.

Less opportunity for children to play Less opportunity for children to play compare to the previous generationcompare to the previous generation

Varieties of games available now, are Varieties of games available now, are different from those available 10 years agodifferent from those available 10 years ago

Play Play

A range of voluntary, intrinsically A range of voluntary, intrinsically motivated activities, personally motivated activities, personally directed, that are associated directed, that are associated with pleasure and enjoymentwith pleasure and enjoyment

Play consist of amusing, pretend or imaginary interpersonal Play consist of amusing, pretend or imaginary interpersonal and intrapersonal interactions and intrapersonal interactions

The Convention on the Rights of the Child in Article 31The Convention on the Rights of the Child in Article 31

1.1. Parties recognize the right of the child to rest and leisure, Parties recognize the right of the child to rest and leisure, to engage in play and recreational activities appropriate to engage in play and recreational activities appropriate to the age of the child and to participate freely in cultural to the age of the child and to participate freely in cultural life and the art.life and the art.

2.2. Parties shall respect and promote the right of the child to Parties shall respect and promote the right of the child to participate fully in cultural and artistic life and shall participate fully in cultural and artistic life and shall encourage the provision of appropriate and equal encourage the provision of appropriate and equal opportunities for cultural, artistic, recreational and leisure opportunities for cultural, artistic, recreational and leisure activities.activities.

Types of PlayTypes of Play1.1. Motor and Physical PlayMotor and Physical Play

2.2. Social PlaySocial Play

3.3. Constructive PlayConstructive Play

4.4. Fantasy Play/Pretend PlayFantasy Play/Pretend Play

5.5. Game with RulesGame with Rules

Motor / Physical PlayMotor / Physical Play

Provides opportunity to develop gross and fine Provides opportunity to develop gross and fine muscle strength.muscle strength.

Social PlaySocial Play

Giving children opportunity to social/interacting with Giving children opportunity to social/interacting with othersothers

Learn social rules, sharing, cooperate, moral Learn social rules, sharing, cooperate, moral reasoningreasoning

Help children to prepare towards adult life in social Help children to prepare towards adult life in social situation.situation.

Constructive PlayConstructive Play

Children manipulate their environment to create Children manipulate their environment to create things things

Build towers and cities with blocks, play in the sandBuild towers and cities with blocks, play in the sand

Give children opportunity to learn basic knowledge Give children opportunity to learn basic knowledge about stacking, building, drawing, constructingabout stacking, building, drawing, constructing

Give children a sense of accomplishment and Give children a sense of accomplishment and empowers them with control of their environment empowers them with control of their environment

Fantasy Play / Pretend PlayFantasy Play / Pretend PlayChildren learn to abstract, try out new roles and Children learn to abstract, try out new roles and

possible situations, to experiment with language possible situations, to experiment with language and emotions and emotions

Develop flexible thinking, create, stretch their Develop flexible thinking, create, stretch their imaginations, use new words and word imaginations, use new words and word combinations in a risk free environmentcombinations in a risk free environment

Use numbers and words to express ideas, concepts, Use numbers and words to express ideas, concepts, dream and historiesdream and histories

Games with RulesGames with Rules

Children progress from an egocentric view to Children progress from an egocentric view to an understanding of the importance of social an understanding of the importance of social contracts and rulescontracts and rules

Birth to 1 yr oldCrib gymsFloor activity Play panSoft dolls or stuffed animals Teething toys

1 to 3 years oldSoft blocksPush, pull and pop-up toysPounding, shaping, nesting and stacking toysPuzzles with knobsCardboard picture booksMusical instruments

3 to 5 yearsNon toxic art suppliesPretend toys Simple board games [word and matching games]Puzzles with knobOutdoor toys such as a tricycle with a safety helmet

5 to 9 years oldPuppets Construction toysJigsaw puzzlesArt and crafts kitsJump rope Miniature dolls and action figures

9 to 14 years old

Sports equipment with proper protective gear

Handheld electronic games

Board games

Model science kits

Playing cards

Construction sets

Play Therapy Play Therapy A method of psychotherapy with children in which A method of psychotherapy with children in which

a therapist uses a child’s fantasies and the a therapist uses a child’s fantasies and the symbolic meaning of his or her play as a medium symbolic meaning of his or her play as a medium for understanding and communication with the for understanding and communication with the childchild

Play is the child’s natural means of expressionPlay is the child’s natural means of expression

A therapeutic method to assist the child in coping A therapeutic method to assist the child in coping with emotional stress or traumawith emotional stress or trauma

Used commonly with children aged 3 to 8 years Used commonly with children aged 3 to 8 years

Aim of play therapy – decrease behavioral and Aim of play therapy – decrease behavioral and emotional difficulties that interfere significantly with emotional difficulties that interfere significantly with a child’s normal functioning.a child’s normal functioning.

Found to improve verbal expression, ability for self-Found to improve verbal expression, ability for self-observation, impulse control, more adaptive ways observation, impulse control, more adaptive ways of coping with anxiety and frustration, to trust and of coping with anxiety and frustration, to trust and relate to othersrelate to others

Used for sexual /physical abuse, neglect, loss of a Used for sexual /physical abuse, neglect, loss of a family members, family problems, low self esteem, family members, family problems, low self esteem, excessive worry etcexcessive worry etc

Recommended items may include:Recommended items may include:

Manipulative [clay, crayons, painting]Manipulative [clay, crayons, painting] Water and sand play Water and sand play Toy kitchen appliances, utensils and pansToy kitchen appliances, utensils and pans Dolls and figures of various sizes Dolls and figures of various sizes Toy guns, rubber knivesToy guns, rubber knives Toy cars, boats, soldiers and animalsToy cars, boats, soldiers and animals BlocksBlocks Soft toysSoft toys Medical play Medical play