Children in HIgh Rise residential

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UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA

CHILDREN IN HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL PROJECT

UNDERGRADUATE THESIS

TAUFIK HIDAYAT

0906551092

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE

DEPOK

JULY 2013


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UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA

CHILDREN IN HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL PROJECT

UNDERGRADUATE THESIS

Proposed as one of the requirements to achieve

Bachelors Degree of Architecture

TAUFIK HIDAYAT

0906551092

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE

DEPOK

JULY 2013


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PREFACE

Thanks to our merciful God, without all the bless that I had received I would not

be able to finish writing this thesis. I am writing this thesis is to fulfill the

requirement to achieve my Architecture degree in the Faculty of Engineering

Universitas Indonesia. I do realize without the help of all my colleagues, from the

moment I start my study, until writing this thesis, I would not be able to finish the

thesis on my own. So, I would like to may my gratitude to:

1. Ir. Toga H Panjaitan A.A.Grad.Dipl., As my thesis advisor who alreadyhelped me a lot during my thesis, I would like to say I may come a little

bit slow, but at the end you still trust me that I can finish the job I need to

do.

2. Dr. Ir. Hendrajaya M.Sc as my academic advisor, I would like to say, youSir, had helped me knowing what is architecture is all about, and make me

believe that I can do anything that I want, as long I put my will into it.

3. Diane Valerie Wildsmith, AIA, RIBA and Dr. Kemas Ridwan Kurniawan,ST., M.Sc. as my board examiners, as because of them I could finish this

thesis.

4. To my mom, dad and my sister, because of their support, I can go throughall the challenges during my study and writing this thesis.

5. Dondis Family for all the helped that you gave me, let me stay in yourhome doing my thesis work, and all the support, I would not be able to

finish my thesis.

6.

Dondi, without your help at the end of my thesis, probably I need topostpone my graduate study and take the thesis again next semester, you

had helped me a lot!

7. Wahyu, I would like to say thanks for all the helped that you gave to me,all the suggestion critics, and not to forget, for all the time that I have to

stay at your place and ask for your help, thanks yu!


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8. Yudit, Thanks for all the help that you gave to me, we had manychallenges during all these years of study, but at the end we can go

through all of these!

9. Iyo, I know that although at the first year, I do really hate you because all fthose pranks, but at the end you came up as a really good friend to me, you

had helped me a lot during my study, and thanks to all the motivation that

you gave it to me, so I can see something in the brightest side.

Lastly, I would like to say my gratitude to my merciful God, to repay all of this

kindness to all the people that had helped me, and for people that I have not

mentioned. I hope my thesis would become a benefit in the development in

science and technology.

Depok, 6 July 2013

(Taufik Hidayat)


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ABSTRACT

Name : Taufik Hidayat

Study Program : 0906551092

Title : Children in High-Rise Residential Project

Living in a high-rise building, it is a quite recent phenomenon for human. It isdesigned to face the problem of space that human because of the exploding

number of world population, and the limited build-able area. High-rise residentialwas designed to be efficient in the term of space. Low rise residential require

larger amount of space, but in high-rise concept, you stack each house vertically,so it simply it will save a lot of space, and open area, either for public use and

greenery will be much larger.

This thesis explains the factor of unnatural and the consequence of living in the

high-rise The focus of this thesis is to a specific subject, which is young kids,

based on the observation of kids, by doing comparison between the theory from

the journal, book or research that had been done already, and see whether the

theory and the facts are correct and applicable to the current situation. By doing

the cross reference between the fact and the theories, we will be able to grasp the

idea of the theory, whether it is true, or the theory is not always applicable in

every situation.

Keywords:

Changes, growing up, high-rise, kid, unnatural.


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CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE ........................................................................................................... iPAGE OF AUTHORSHIP ...................................................................................... ii

PAGE OF ATTESTATION ................................................................................... iiiPREFACE .............................................................................................................. iv

CONSENT STATEMENT OF UNDERGRADUTE THESIS PUBLICATION

FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES ............................................................................. vi

ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... vii

CONTENTS ......................................................................................................... viii

LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................. x

LIST OF ATTACHMENTS .................................................................................. xi

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION......................................................................... 11.1 Background ....................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Objectives .......................................................................................................... 31.3 Use of Study ...................................................................................................... 3

1.4 Study ................................................................................................................. 3

1.5 Writing Systematic ............................................................................................ 4

1.6 Thesis Hypothesis ............................................................................................. 5

CHAPTER 2 CHILDREN IN HIGH-DENSITY AREA................................... 6

2.1 High-Density Populated Area ........................................................................... 62.2 High-Rise Residential Project ........................................................................... 7

2.2.1 Description of Types of Residential Zones ............................................. 8

2.2.1.1 Detached and Semi-Detached Housing ...................................... 82.2.1.2 Low-Rise Residential Area ......................................................... 9

2.2.1.3 Mid-Rise Residential Area ......................................................... 9

2.2.1.4 High-Rise Residential Area ...................................................... 10

2.3 Principles of Child Friendly Housing ............................................................. 102.3.1 Guidelines in Multi-Family Housing .................................................... 12

2.3.1.1 Open Space ............................................................................... 132.3.1.2 Enhance A Sense of Community .............................................. 14

2.3.1.3 Opportunities for Surveillance .................................................. 152.3.1.3 Outdoor Play Areas .................................................................. 16

2.4 Children in High-Rise Residential Project ...................................................... 17CHAPTER 3 CASE STUDY: MARGONDA RESIDENCE APARTMENT20

3.1 Research Methods in Case Study .................................................................... 20

3.2 Types of Residential for the Case Study ......................................................... 20

3.3 Subject Case Study .......................................................................................... 203.4 Case Study: Margonda Residence, Beji, Depok ............................................. 20

3.4.1 Description of The Occupants ............................................................... 203.4.2 Brief Space analysis .............................................................................. 21

3.4.3 Results of the Interview and Questionnaire .......................................... 243.4.3.1 Interview ................................................................................... 24

3.4.3.1 Questionnaire ............................................................................ 24


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CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSION............................................................................ 26

BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................................................................... 28

ATTACHMENTS............................................................................................... 29


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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 Population of Indonesia in 2010 ............................................................ 1Figure 2.1 High density populated area .................................................................. 6Figure 2.2 House robbery ........................................................................................ 7

Figure 2.3 Theft ....................................................................................................... 7Figure 2.4 Semi detached housing .......................................................................... 8

Figure 2.5 Detached housing ................................................................................... 8

Figure 2.6 Mid-rise housing .................................................................................... 9

Figure 2.7 High-rise housing ................................................................................. 10

Figure 2.8 Socialize with other people .................................................................. 11

Figure 2.9 Exploring nature .................................................................................. 11

Figure 2.10 Play and learn .................................................................................... 12

Figure 2.11 Space for them to play is very limited ............................................... 18Figure 3.1 Front corridor ....................................................................................... 21

Figure 3.2 Gazebo ................................................................................................. 22

Figure 3.3 Small hidden playground ..................................................................... 22

Figure 3.4 Margonda residence I swimming pool ................................................ 23

Figure 3.5 Margonda residence II swimming pool ............................................... 23


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LIST OF ATTACHMENTS

Attachment 1 Online Questionnaire: http://taufkh.co.nr ...................................... 29

Attachment 2 Questionnaire Results ..................................................................... 34


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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

Figure 1.1 Population of Indonesia in 2010

http://sp2010.bps.go.id/

The number of the population in Indonesia is getting higher each year, based on

data from the BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik), the number of population in Jakarta in

year 2000 is 8.347.083, and compare to the more recent data from the year 2010,

the number has increased quite a large number, 9.607.787 a total of more than 1

million people, roughly 15,1% increase in ten years. In the figure one, it is shown

a data of density population in Indonesia in year 2010, the lightest the color on

the figure, showing the less population density, the highest density area shown in

the figure, has more than 40.000.000 people, and mostly around DKI Jakarta

(9.607.787) and West Java (42.993.267)

All those numbers are something that is not permanent, the number of the

population will be still continue to grow. All of those people need a place to live,

with the growth of the population; they do need a lot of space for them to live on.

The problem is, with the constant growth, but the amount of buildable area is not

getting any bigger, means that expanding their home horizontally will be very


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difficult, so one of the solution is by expanding it vertically, to make the buildable

area more efficient. The example is like if one single unit of a house requires 150

m2, what will happen if there are 40 million people want to build their houses,

imagine the amount of area that is needed to cover all of those houses.

The condition of an environment where the number of people lives in the same

place, but in a very large number, it will create a different experience with the one

with very little number of people. The density of a population gives a different

effect to its different situation; a higher density of an area can lead to higher

possibilities for crimes itself to happen (McGuire, 2005). The logic is actually

quite simple, the larger number of people, the bigger number of people you haveto worry about, because there will always be the chance for people to do a crime,

we just do not know when they are going to do it and what are they after.

Living in a highly densely populated area, sometimes it is not a first pick for

people to live in, and the children are the one must follow their parents as the

place for their home. Because they do not pick their homes, they have to face any

environments their parent picks, whether it is a good place or not. On the other

hand, there are many factors for parent in picking their place to live, economy,

social factor, future value of its property, and most importantly their kids, because

there is no parents that want their kids grow up in a bad environment, all of them

want the best for their kids, they want to have the environment which can support

to achieve the best output for their kids, and sometimes not all the people are able

to get the best place to live in, but in the end they have to make the best out of it,

because it is the place where they kids can grow up in.

This thesis wants to explore the unnatural phenomenon for early young age child

living in a high-density area. Discussing the effect that environment gave to the

children development, behavior, and lastly to find out whether living in a high-

density area, specifically in a high rise is proper or fit for kids.


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1.2 Objectives

There are a few objectives in this thesis:

1. To prove the fact that growing up for early young age children in a high-density population area, especially in a high rise residential is not ideal.

2. To see how far the unsuitable growing up for kids in the high-densityarea, concerning the matter of social aspect and their needs relating to

space.

1.3 Use of Study

Through this undergraduate thesis, I want to explore the abnormalities for

children growing up in the high-density area, and specifically discussing the

children who reside in the high-rise residential.

In this writing, I also want to see how far the role of the environment of a high-

density population may affect to childrens behavior toward space relating matter.

At the end of this thesis, the results will show whether living in high-density

population, especially in high-rise is proper for early young age to grow up in.

1.4 Study

In the writing of this thesis, the author uses multiple methods of assessments:

First, I need to do a literature study on the subject of residential, and childrens

development, and other supporting theory through printed and electronic media.

This literature study is used to help formulate the theoretical foundation that can

help to analyze the case study in this thesis.

After that, I do a field observation directly to the case that I have already picked,

and also supported by the results of the interview and the questionnaire from the

source that related to the study, which are the residence of the selected for the case

study, and also accompanied with visual imagery and plan to help the explanation

in the case study of this thesis.


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Lastly, I do the analysis based on the results of the interview and the

questionnaire, and the observation based on the supporting theory, so I can take a

conclusion that can represent the whole discussion of this thesis.

1.5 Writing Systematic

In formulating this thesis, the author use the following systematic writing:

1. IntroductionIn this chapter explained the background topic of this thesis, the

purpose of writing this thesis, methods that the author use fro writing

this thesis, and the sequence and the systematics of this thesis.2. Children in density

This chapter explains on briefly on residential, describing types of

residential, function, and other related subject, that involve space. The

first part of the chapter works as an introduction for the case study

theory, as a supporting for the understanding the environment. For

further explanation, the writing will be focused on younger age

children development process, how the high density area affects the

behavior and any space related problem, so by the end of this writing,

we can see whether it is proper for kids to grow up in a high-density

area, specifically in a high rise residential building.

3. Case StudyIn this chapter filled with the case study that had been taken with the

analysis, based on the supporting theory that had been explained

previously.

4. ConclusionIn this chapter filled with the final conclusion based on the entire

chapter that had been discussed previously.


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1.6 Thesis Hypothesis

Framework Issue:

1. To prove the fact that growing up forearly young age children in a high-density population area, especially in

a high rise residential is not ideal.

2. To see how far the unsuitablegrowing up for kids in the high-

density area, concerning the matter of

social aspect and their needs relating

to space.

Relevance of Study:

Exploring the abnormalities of

children growing up in a high-density area, specifically the

children who reside in the mid to

high-rise residential building.

Analysis

Based on the supporting theory

Conclusion

Research Methods

Theoretical Study:

1. Discussion on the matter ofresidential, types, function, space, and

other relating supporting theory.

2. Basic understanding on the principledesign of multi-housing.

Those two supporting theory, will besummarized into a conclusion, and will be

used in the case study.

Case Study

1. Margonda Residence, Beji,Depok.


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CHAPTER 2

CHILDREN IN HIGH-DENSITY AREA

2.1 High-Density Populated Area

The rate number of people that is born on every second is 4.17 babies per second.

Every minute there are 14 babies, 840 babies in one hour, and 20160 babies in just

one day. Looking all those numbers is terrifying, but it is the reality that is

happening right now, in the figure 2.1, it is just a fraction from the example of

how the condition can be in a high growth population can be. The simplest

analogy to recreate to current situation, imagine a room which is something that is

fixed, and not expandable, lets say the room size is 4 x 4 meter, it means in total

it become 16 meter square. The most minimum size of a personal space is 1

square meter, so, logically the maximum number of people inside of that room is

16 people, and that will be really uncomfortable, and relating to the current

situation, where sometimes there is no actual limitation on how many numbers of

people can stay in one place. The 16 numbers of people inside the imaginary can

be more than 16, to make the condition worse, not all the people have the same

size of a personal space, 1 meter square is just the size of its body, the personal

space can be larger than that, so simply the condition of that room will be

horrible, crowded uncomfortable space.

The density of an area can be one of the factors that can determine a good or not

an environment. High density populated area can be both a good and bad thing at

the same time. High-populated area can be the signal of a place where people

Figure 2.1 High density populated areahttp://www.topnews.in/files/Dhak_Population.jpg


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think that the place got higher opportunities to get a job (Booth, 1976), although

in reality it is not always works the same way. If we take example of Jakarta,

people think because it is the capital city, there will be a big opportunities of work

in the city, but in reality, it is not. With the amount of people fighting for jobs, it

can cause an emotional stress, and can cause a criminal motive for people that do

not have a job. (Simmel, 1950). The competition in search for job in high-density

area, can lead into a lot of social negative effects, in a form of bad sportsmanship

of people doing their job. Because finding a job in the first hand is already hard,

and it makes people making money much harder.

Making money has keep getting hard in the big city, with all the competition,

makes some people do anything they could possibly do to get more money,

whether it is a legal way by working hard for it, or doing it illegally by taking

from someone else (figure 2.2 and 2.3). These criminal activities that become one

of the factors that make people afraid of living in a highly populated area, or we

can say Big City.

2.2 High-Rise Residential Project

Living in a high rise residential, it is quite a recent phenomenon. Looking back to

the history, people start to build their house on the ground, see everything on the

ground level, but now? You can even live at 50 meters off the ground, and what

you see is the bird eye level, which in the old days is something that is not

common to see from their house.

Figure 4.2 House robbery

http://fajarsumatra.com/wp-

content/uploads/2013/04/ilustrasi-rampok.jpg

Figure 3.3 Theft

http://www.metrojambi.com/v1/images/stories/foto/jambret.jpg


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Living off the ground is not something that was already natural for all the people

nowadays, High-rise residence evoke at least six fears. (Gifford, 2007). The

first fear is, the fear of the residents itself, whether your lode ones, family, or your

neighbor might do a suicide, and for some people it will create a nightmare and

uncomfortable place to live.

2.2.1 Description of Types of Residential Zones

There are 3 types of category of building according the function of the building,

residential building, commercial building, and public property building.

Residential building consist of place like, single housing unit (detached or semi

detached), apartment, condominium, and villa. Commercial building is a building

that is intended to generate a profit; the example is like a hotel, resort, office

buildings, malls, retail store, and many more. The last one is the public property

building; it is a property, which is owned by the government, like City Park, city

library, and museum.

2.2.1.1 Detached and Semi-Detached Housing

The main different from the semi detached housing (figure 2.4) and detached

housing (figure 2.5) is from how the house is connected with another house,

detach housing, is a single stand alone, which has no direct contact with another

house, but the semi detached one, it is connected with another house by a sharing

wall, it will look like as if it is a one big mass of a building, but actually consist of

two houses.

Figure 6.4 Semi detached housing

http://www.newmodellersshop.co.uk/images/scenix/em6004_victorian_semi_detached_house.jpg

Figure 5.5 Detached housing

https://reader010.{domain}/reader010/html5/0625/5b30474dc7c47/5b3047


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2.2.1.2 Low-Rise Residential Area

Low-rise residential building is pretty much like in the figure 2.4. And 2.5. The

key element of which can described what kind of residential is the height of the

building. Low-rise residential building consists of 1 3 floors.

2.2.1.3 Mid-Rise Residential Area

A mid-rise building is moderately has large number of stories, usually from 4 to

12 levels, and equipped with an elevator. Usually this type of building was

intended to be a solution to solve the problem of high-populated area. This

building can hold more people rather than the low rise residential. Usually people

that interested in this kind of residential are the one has a lot of activity outside of

the house, and need a compact and practical living environment. Because of the

high activity of it residence, they tend to have less interaction with theirneighbour, and this May become one of the bad influence for growing up there.

Figure 7.6 Mid-rise housing

http://fajarsumatra.com/wp-

content/uploads/2013/04/ilustrasi-rampok.jpg


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2.2.1.4 High-Rise Residential Area

A high-rise building is a building, which has height in between of 35 and 100

meter, squares, so in a way that a building which have the stories from 12 to 40

levels. Higher than 40 stories, will be called a skyscraper building.

2.3 Principles of Child Friendly Housing

To understand how the principles of friendly housing for children, the first thing

to do is to understand the basic things that children needs in their house. On this

case the term of children means that a young human being below the age of full of

physical development.

The first important thing that is to be considered on the environment of kids

play, safety is the top priority on this case. It has to be protected from any

physical hazard, for example like the traffic, the kids are not supposed to be able

to get to the outside of the place, so they will be safe from all the vehicle that

roaming around the street.

Figure 8.7 High-rise housinghttp://www.glosecgroup.com/uploadfiles/main/__1129.jpg


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The second important thing to be considered is the location of the house. Children

need places in the communal environment that are undeniably their territories

where they can expect to find other children. By meeting other children it taught

them how to socialize with other people.

The third part is to let the children explore the environment by themselves. They

can actually learn more by exploring things they want to know by themselves. In

figure 2.9 showing a girl sniffing a sunflower, she looks very interested to learn

about flower, and the best way to learn about flower is by directly see it on your

hand. These kind of knowledge actually you can get it from the book, but the

sensation and the experience that you get from directly interacting with the subject

can not be replaced, the book cannot give you all of those things.

Figure 9.8 Socialize with other people

http://www.westvillect.org/files/bike/Rock%20to%20Rock%20Kids.jpg

Figure 10.9 Exploring nature

http://blog.melissaanddoug.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/sunflowers-garden-child11-450x300.jpg


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Early young age children need to move a lot, not only good for their health, they

can improve a lot of motoric skill by playing all around. It would be very bad very

awful for children if their parents would not let their kid spend more time

outdoors, not only it will affect their health, but it will also be a bad influence for

their social skill, because they will be having less social time, meeting with

friends, so in a way less time to train their social skill.

Parents should allow their kids spend their time more outside without a constantsupervision. The idea of constant supervise on children will put more pressure on

them, putting the pressure that their parents are watching every of their move. The

possible that might occur after all of those supervision, might showed on how

closed the relation with the parent, or how dependent the kids with the parent.

2.3.1 Guidelines in Multi-Family Housing

Design guidelines simply means a structural process of designing, the guidelinesworks as a rule and precaution, so, the project end result will not came far from

the projected result. In designing housing there are a few guidelines to be

followed in order to achieve the maximum result.

Figure 11.10 Play and learn

http://1000awesomethings.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/kids-running-around.jpg


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2.3.1.1 Open Space

Casual interactionCasual interaction is something that is needed to be focus, because by

encouraging people to do more the human interaction, it will enhance their social

skill.

Access to useable open space for recreation and social activitiesEasy access is one of the most important factors, because by making it easy to be

accessed, people will be hard going to that place. By a lot of people coming there

the possibility of them can interact will be higher too, because they will meet new

people in a lot of time.

Convenience locationConvenience location is quite similar with the distance factor, the better the

location of the place, the higher chance of people going there.

Good distanceDistance is always become one of the factors for people when they want to go to a

certain place. Closer distance means that it took shorter time to reach the place, so

s/he can spend more time on that place rather than on spending the time during the

walk there.

Sheltered from noise and trafficTraffic and open space is something that is quite dangerous if it is put together,

open space should be a place that is safe, something that is like a traffic should be

not close to the open space, so parents will not get paranoid about what their

children.


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VegetationVegetation is one of the factors of environment that can enhance the quality.

Because by putting more vegetation, not only for aesthetic use, but also can filter

the air around that area, so you can breathe healthier air.

Breeze and sunHaving an open space means that it is an actual open space that let a lot of wind

can come in. The idea of letting the natural wind, not only to reduce the

temperature from the heat of the sun, but in a way it can reduce the electricity

usage by using less fan to cool the temperature down.

Clear boundariesClear boundaries define the space better, when dealing with overlapping use of a

facility, by using a low walls or plant materials. By using boundaries private space

and commonplace will not be mixed up together.

2.3.1.2 Enhance A Sense of Community

A development should relate to existing neighborhoodEx: day care, learning center (for the community and resident) Facilities like

these, not only make people meet each other up, but also get a lot of benefit from

the facilities, like getting new knowledge and a new friend at the same time.

Incorporation of informal outdoor gathering areas in site designEx: play area, laundry (secondary/complementary facility for resident in which

generates interaction)

Walkways, common areas, lounge etc. should be arranged so that it ispossible for neighbors to gather in daily activities

So by making the arrangement like that, will help the residence to get socialize,

and they can get closer to their neighbor that way.


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Basically facilities provided should be designated to both children andadults in whom it correlates to both range of age and generation in

generating social senses

2.3.1.3 Opportunities for Surveillance

Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)The usage of 'natural surveillance' concept by the maximization of the visibility

within a space, so the residence themselves can watch their neighborhood, and

helping the security around the area if there is problem occurred.

Concept of natural access and its management, control by designing street,walkways, and entrances to be clearly indicate public routes and

discourage access to private areas. Reducing 'penetrability'

By designing this kind of pathway, it will increase the safety around the area,

because in a way it will reduce the chance of people wander around the place, that

make people unsecure about it.

Visibility to parking area should be providedSimply so the residence can watch over their car whenever they want it too.

Open spaces, courtyards, corridors entrances should be designed to bevisible from as many dwellings as possible

The idea of this visibility is to increase the safety of that open space, so, if there is

something criminal happen there, there will be a lot of witnesses, and in a way, it

will reduce the possibilities of crime also.

Private open space should be designed with enclosure of space but notprevents surveillance by residents

Management office should be located in the central, visible location, easilyaccessible

So the residence will have easier way to reach the management office, so they can


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respond to their problem faster.

2.3.1.3 Outdoor Play Areas

Children's play area should be visible from many units as possible and fromprivate open space

So the parents can see and watch over their children, so the parents can be

relieved letting their kids go play outside.

Convenience in access is importantEx: direct and easy access from ground level

Outdoor play area should be located adjacent to common building facilitysuch as laundry, lounge, community center, etc.

It is intended as for the parents have easier access to keen an eye with their kids

all the time.

Play area shall not be located near public streets, parking areas, unlessphysically separated by appropriate barriers (walls, fence, dense

landscaping, etc.)

It will reduce the chance of accidents from the traffic around, because kids tend to

run everywhere, and apparently it is quite scary for parents knowing that. By

using clear barriers, their children will not be able to go to the place, which mostly

will hurt them.

Hard surface areas for activities should be providedEx: bicycle riding, skating, rope jumping, hopscotch, etc. So the kids will have

wider choices of games that they can play on their environment

Physical capabilities, kind of play, and behavior is different in ranges of ageof children. In large developments, it is encouraged to be separated, but no

necessarily segregated. Small developments may combine these play


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activities for many ranges of age within a space.

Play area should be provided with safety conceptIt is simply works as a precaution, so the children will not hurt themselves while

they were playing on the playground.

2.4 Children in High-Rise Residential Project

When we were babies, we were very small, everything is not to scale for us back

then. They are small people in a world of giants and of gigantic things are not

made to their scale. (Tuan 1977, p. 27) So to understand the idea of a space,

when we were a baby it was something that is quite an impossible thing to do, and

also because our brain was not perfectly developed yet to able to perceive image

information or even to communicate or response to it, so when we see the same

things but in different angle or even distance, we would see it as a different thing.

The young child, as soon as he learns to walk, will want to follow his mother and

explore the environment within her ambience. (Tuan, 1977, p. 24) The idea of

not understanding things makes us curious about our surroundings, makes us try

everything hat is reachable, always eager to know something new. When we want

to understand something, we would actually use a lot of body parts to understand

something, we grab with our hand, see it closely with our eyes, smell it with our

nose, and even lick or swallow the thing itself so that we can know the taste of it,

whether it is good or not. When things get ugly, our mother is the one who would

stop our idiocy incase it would become dangerous, like when we try to lick the

knife because it looks delicious, or try to grab fire because it is so shiny to our

eyes.


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Children who live on higher floors also go outside to play less often. (Nitta,

1989), it was mostly because of the parents that will not their kid play around

freely around the environment, so the space for them become limited, and those

limitation become the rule that kids see from their parents

When we grow up, we will learn that there is always a rule in life, like we cannot

do this, go to this place, see this or that, and many more rules that when we were

kids it sounds so overrated and sometimes we deliberately break some of the rules

that our parent said to us.

By learning many rules from our parent, in a way that it sets up some sort of

imaginary fear that may affect us in the future. When we were kids we always told

not to go too far from home, it is dangerous out there, and it may create the image

of the place outside of the house is dangerous, the safest is in the inside of our

home.

When dealing with the needs of kids in the early stage, they require a lot of things

to be prepared for their environment, so they can actually grow well. But

sometimes all of those things are not that well prepared, or even can be neglected.

The most occurring problem is the lacking of space, because everything designed

in the most efficient way, but it affects on how kids play in the environment, it

may limit the play zone, and even there is a place for it, it is hard for them to

Figure 12.11 Space for them to play is very limited

http://images-2.domain.com.au/2012/01/23/2910898/ipad-art-wide-fernandez-420x0.jpg


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reach the place, and the worst of all, to the point where even there is no place for

kids to play in it. May sounds silly worrying about the place for kids to play, but

the environment of when they play, they actually also learn some new things too,

whether it is something that is related to their physical, like when they do sport, it

will enhance their motor skill, and actually not only motor skill is the only one

that is developed, social skills will be because when you are playing with your

friends, subconsciously will learn about how to talk to your friend, how to play

nicely with your friend, things to do and things that are not okay to do so, learn

about friendship, and many more.

Childrens play clearly affected, as parent in high rise either keep their childrenindoors more often, which means close protection or over-protection in an indoor

environment, or allow them outside many floors away, which can result in under-

supervision. (Gifford, 2007) regarding the choices that parents made for their

children, every decision must have its own down side, keeping your children

indoor more, it can make your children have a little friend, but if you let you

children too free, and you will be hard controlling you children. There is always

the balance between those two things, and the way to find the balance is to

communicate it with your children, ten you can find the answer.


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Universitas Indonesia&.

CHAPTER 3

CASE STUDY: MARGONDA RESIDENCE APARTMENT

3.1 Research Methods in Case Study

The research method that is used in this research is by doing a direct field

observation based on the literature and the previous research that had been done,

and conduct a questionnaire and interview to the related subject. To see whether

the theory that is gotten from the literature study are applied or not.

3.2 Types of Residential for the Case Study

In this research the case study is the Margonda Residence I, located in the

Margonda Depok. He type of the residential for this case study is specifically on

the mid-rise residential building. The reason this particular apartment become the

study case, is because in this apartment has quite a diverse residence.

3.3 Subject Case Study

The subjects for the case study are 30 children who live on the apartment, range

from the age of 1 to 15 years old, and their parents.

3.4 Case Study: Margonda Residence, Beji, Depok

3.4.1 Description of The Occupants

residents who live in this region is quite diverse, from students, workers,

housewives, the elderly, and some have families who already have children. The

largest portion of people that stays in this area is mostly student from nearby

campus. Most of the people in this area mostly spend their time outside of their

home, because the second largest portion is the workers, so at working hour, there

will be not much of people going aroound the place there. There are 3 common

place for people spend their time there, the first one is the obvious one is their

own room, the second one is the gazebo, place where you can receive guest and


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hang out, the last one is the canteen, the place where you can also hang out wit

your friends while having a meal.

3.4.2 Brief Space analysis

These are a few photos of spots in the Margonda Residence I, and filled with the

explanation.

This is the front corridor before entering the building block, in this particular

space where the most people meet, because it is the main corridor from the 3

blocks in the apartment. The highest possibility for people bumping with each

other is in the morning at 07.00 am 09.00 am, because that is the peak of people

going outside of the apartment. There are people who go to the campus nearby, or

go to work, or even just go out to have something to eat.

The only activity that is occurred here is only people passing y the corridor, when

there is someone who want to wait for hos/her her friends, usually s/he does not

stand inside the corridor, but use the gazebo instead.

Figure 3.1 Front Corridors

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These are the photos of the gazebo near the main corridor, most of people spend

their time here are usually the one who are having appointment to meet someone,

or students that doing their college work, or even just to hang out sitting in the

gazebo have a chat with friends.

This is the photo of the only kids playground in the Margonda residence I. The

location of the playground is on the basement, near the parking ground, near the

block c building. Because it is quite far and people sometimes do not notice this

place as a playground, so this place becomes unpopular, and hardly used at all.

Figure 3.2 Gazebohttp://kaskus.co.id

Figure 3.3 Small hidden playground

http://maukost.com/wp-content/uploads/Apartement-Margonda-Residence-II-.2.jpeg


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This is the photo of the first swimming pool in Margonda Residence I, before the

Margonda Residence II, this place quite popular, a lot of the residence swims

here, and most of it swims either in the morning or at night.

The Second swimming pool in Margonda residence is quite a hit. There are many

people starting to swim here, and sometimes people come to this pool not to

swim, but instead just hang out at the side of the pool, enjoying the scenery of

people swimming there. People who come to this place ranging from children to

adults. This place is quite popular, because often visited by people at night.

Figure 3.4 Margonda residence I Swimming pool

http://www.topnews.in/files/Dhak_Population.jpg

Figure 3.5 Margonda residence II Swimming pool

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3.4.3 Results of the Interview and Questionnaire

3.4.3.1 Interview

Based on the result of the interview, all of the correspondent belief that growing

up in a high-rise residential is not really good for their children. They thought that

living in a high-rise give a bad influence on how they socialize. It is not an

unusual situation where high-rise residence tends to be more selfish. Looking

back to the environment, most of the people spend their time outside the

apartment; it means that the chance for them to actually meet with each other is

not that big, so it is quite reasonable why most people in the apartment do less

interaction with each other.

The other thing that came up in the interview, all of the parents complained hat

they do not have a proper facility for young children, although there is actually a

small playground for kids, near the basement, but it is quite hard for their kids to

reach that place on their own. So practically the playground is not used at all right

now. Most of the children that want to play, they can go to the swimming pool,

but they need to be with their parents or supervisor to look after them. Based on

the literature study, children need a lot of space for them to develop their motoric

skill, but in reality, it is quite hard for them to do that. Most of the open space is

parking lots, so it will be hard finding an open space in the apartment.

Almost the entire respondent said that, there are not going to be a permanent

resident, they said that if they got a better place to live, which is low-rise

residential type, they want to move there. Most of them pick living in the high-

rise residential was not actually on their first pick. They pick the apartment mostly

because the location and the value of the room.

3.4.3.1 Questionnaire

The results of the questionnaire are in the attachment section, all of the results are

in the format of pie chart (see in the attachment), and the entire question is there

to prove the facts that are stated in the previous chapter.


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73% of the correspondents believe that they always need to close with their

children. This statement was supported by how they feel about the security in

their area. Despite the fact that there is actually enough guard patrolling the

apartment, but they still do need to be close with their children, and based from

other question of the questionnaire (How do you feel when your kids meet

someone you dont know) 57% correspondent answered that It is not going to

happen at all. It seems that the parents are the one who are being overprotective

on this case, because looking to another question (Do your kids afraid of

strangers?) and 70 % answer that they are not afraid with stranger, means that

from the children side, they do not feel threatened with the presence of the

stranger.

According to another question (Where is the place your kids spend their time most

at?), and it is clear that 84% of the kids spend most of the time inside of the

house, which means that there are two possibilities here, the first one is, the

parents make the decision that the kids should be inside of the house more, and

the second possibility is the kids feel safer inside the house, in a way that they are

creating a fear to go outside because they felt dangerous to do so. We can see the

second largest percentage is 9%; they are the one that is actually mature enough to

be out of his or her house on their own. Age plays a great deal in this type of

activity, another reason why the numbers are small, because the percentage of

kids that age is very small

With the sheer number of people live in the same building it would trigger the fear

of strangers. 87% of the respondent said that no matter how safe the security is,

parents always worried and afraid that with the large number of people that can

actually hurt their children, but this fear is not permanent, because 13% of the

respondent who answer No, they think that their kids already mature enough to

be on his or her own.

And the rest of the result of the questionnaire can be found in the attachment.


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CHAPTER 4

CONCLUSION

Based on the facts from the literature study and the case study showed that there

will be a lot of challenges for children to grow up in a highly populated area

specifically in a high-rise residential.

All of the respondents showed that they are all want to move out into a better

place when they actually a chance to do so. What we can see from just from that

case, the first time that they are picking this high-rise environment is not their first

liking. The reason most of the respondents pick this type of residential because ofthe two key factors backing them up. The first factor is money, because

apparently the land price is skyrocketing these days, by buying grounded house it

will cost you more money than in living in a high rise. Why it will cost you more?

Because when you built your own house from scratch it will cost you a lot of

money, in a way that you need to pay pretty much everything when you want to

build your house. Why just buy the house that is already finished? The price itself

depends on the location of the place itself, the more strategic the place is, the

more expensive the price will be. The second one is the factor of practicality.

Most of the respondents said that the first reason that they pick high rise

residential, because they were attracted to how convenient live in a high rise.

They do not have to major maintenance during their stay, someone will help to fix

if there is any problem related to the house, and usually location of a high rise

residence is in a strategic place, so it will be easier for the residents if they want to

go their office, or schools, or even go into a recreational area for them to have fun.

In this thesis, the main focus is to explore how far is the condition of a high rise

residential affect for kids, how unfit the condition to the condition of kids

development. Most of the respondents believe that high rise residential

(apartment) is not a decent place for kids to grow up in it. Facilities, Space, and

social life in the environment, are the most common things that the respondents

complained about. The first facilities, what they see is, there is no actual proper

facilities for kids to use. The second one the lack of space, the respondent feels


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that the environment doe not provide enough space for them to do their daily

needs. And the last one, and the sot important of all, the condition of the social

support in the high rise are terrible. Living in a place where you are surrounded by

strangers, is a very bad choice, because in the future it will make their kids less

sociable, they will be afraid of making up friends, therefore it will be bad for their

kids social skills.

Based on the interview and the questionnaire form the related subject and from

the literature study based on the theory, growing up for kids in a high-rise is not

something that is easy to be done, there will be many challenges, but all of that is

actually depends on two factors. The first one is the parent, because they are theone who are mostly responsible in shaping how the future for the kids will be. The

second factor is their environment. The environment holds a great deal of

affecting people, not only in their mind, but also can change someones behavior.

With this particular case, first problem came from the facility of the building;

most of them are not well designed for kids in early age. Although there is

actually a playground for kids, but it is quite hard for kids to access the place

themselves.

The conclusion that the author can say about the case study, growing up for kids

in a highly populated area, especially in a high-rise will be difficult, but it is not

something that is impossible to do, as long as all the supporting elements for kids

growing up like, save environment to play, good social life, and good education,

even growing up in a high rise would be possible.


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Universitas Indonesia&,

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Cooper, Clare Marcus and Wendy Sarkissian (1986). Housing as if People

Mattered: Site Design Guidelines for Medium-Density Family Housing.

University of California Press.

Georg Simmel, (1950) The metropolis and mental life, in The Sociology of Georg

Simmel, Kurt Wolff, ed., Glencoe: Free Press

Gifford, Robert. (2007). The Consequence of LIving in High-Rise Buildings.

Review paper. University of Sydney.

Oda, M., Taniguchi, K., Wen, M.-L., & Higurashi, M. (1989). Effects of high-rise

living on physical and mental development of children. Journal of Human

Ergology, 18, 231-235.

Rodriguez (2000) Multi Family Development Guidelines. Southeastern Economic

Development Corporation.

Tuan, Yi-fu. (1977). Space and Place : The perspective of experience. London :

University of Minnesota

Van Vliet, W. (1983). Families in apartment buildings: Sad storeys for children?

Environment and Behaviour, 15, 211-234.

Yeung, Y. (1977). High-rise, HIgh-density housing: Myths and relity. Habitat

International.


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ATTACHMENTS

Attachment 1 Online Questionnaire: http://taufkh.co.nr


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Attachment 2 Questionnaire Results


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Documents

Children in HIgh Rise residential