Chemistry Monday, September 11th – Tuesday,

September 12th, 2017

Do-Now Title: “Bill Nye Clip” 1. Write down today’s FLT

1atm=760mmHg=760torr=101,325Pa=101.325kPa

2. What is “STP”? Include what it stands for as well as the actual values.

3.  Convert 54.7 kPa to atm. Show all work and units.

4.  Convert 7.1 torr to mmHg. Show all work and units. Finished? Take out your planner and table of

contents.

Announcements •  Didn’tturninyourlab?

– Seemetopickupamissingassignmentform-required

•  Checkyourgradesregularly– Missingassignmentsturnintozeroes!

L

•  StudyCh.13+notesforupcomingquiz

•  Bringyourcalculators

Planner: •  Study for Ch. 13 Quiz • Get stamps through #13 by the end of

the week Table of Contents #1:

11.  Bill Nye Clip WS 12. Ch. 13 CN Part B 13.  States of Matter WS

Video Clip • Watch the video clip • Answer questions as you watch • Noise level 0 • Wait until after the clip is finished to

ask your partner(s) questions

FLT •  I will be able to describe the properties

of liquids and solids by completing Ch. 13 Notes B

Standard HS-PS1-4:Developamodeltoillustratethatthe

releaseorabsorpQonofenergyfromachemical

reacQonsystemdependsuponthechangesintotal

bondenergy.

Notes Protocol • Title your notes & add assignment # • Complete Cornell-style • Copy down all bolded ideas • Noise level 0 • Raise hand to question/comment • Be prepared to pair-share-respond

Recall

States of Matter •  3statesofmaRer:solid,liquid,andgas.

•  AllmaRerismadeupofQnyparQcles

The Nature of Liquids

The Nature of Liquids •  Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite

volume •  The molecules in liquids are always moving, so they

have kinetic energy •  This allows them to take the shape of their

container just like gases

Gas Particles vs. Liquid Particles •  Gas particles are different than liquid particles: 1.  Liquid particles attract each other, but gas

particles do not.

Gas Particles vs. Liquid Particles •  Gas particles are different than liquid particles: 2.  Because of their attraction, liquid particles

move but are closer together. –  Liquids have a definite volume

Gas Particles vs. Liquid Particles •  Gas particles are different than liquid particles: 3.  Liquids are more dense than gases.

–  Liquid molecules are more closely packed together.

Changing State •  Liquids can turn into gases and vice versa

Evaporation •  Vaporiza(on=liquidàgas/vapor

Evaporation •  Evapora(on=vaporiza(onatthesurfaceofaliquidthatisnotboiling

Evaporation •  Liquidsevaporatefasterwhenheatedbecausehea(ngincreasestheaveragekine(cenergyoftheparQclesintheliquid.

Vapor Pressure •  VaporPressure=pressureexertedbyavaporoveraliquid

•  Watervaporcollectsabovetheliquidandexerts

pressureduetocollisions

Boiling Point •  Remember: liquids are attracted to each other.

They LIKE being close together. •  Adding heat adds energy so that particles can

overcome the attractive forces and enter the gaseous state.

Boiling Point •  Boiling Point (bp) =

temperature at which the vapor pressure is equal to the pressure of the gas above it

•  The vapor has enough pressure to keep the gas bubbles from collapsing

•  Molecules even at the bottom of the liquid have enough energy to vaporize, so they rise to the surface

Pair-Share-Respond 1.  Identify two ways that liquids differ from

gases 2. Distinguish between the terms

“vaporization” and “evaporation” 3. Why does heating increase the rate of

evaporation? 4. Define the term “vapor pressure”

The Nature of Solids

The Nature of Solids •  Solids have a definite shape and volume •  Solids à orderly arrangement, vibrate in

fixed positions, and do not flow

Change of State •  Solids can turn into liquids and vice versa

Melting Point •  Melting point (mp) = temp at which solid à

liquid = the same temp as the freezing point (liquid à solid)

•  At the melting point, the vibrations are strong enough to overcome the attractions holding them in fixed positions.

Crystalline Structure •  Solid structures = Most are crystalline •  In a crystal the particles are arranged in an orderly,

repeating, three-dimensional pattern called a crystal lattice.

Allotropes •  Allotropes = Some solid substances can exist

in more than one form •  Ex. Allotropes of carbon (diamonds and graphite) •  Different structures give allotropes different

properties

Pair-Share-Respond 1. Describe solids at the particulate level 2. What is an allotrope? 3. Most solids have a crystalline structure,

but some are “amorphous”. What do you think amorphous might mean?

CW 1. Use your textbook and/or notes to

complete the states of matter WS 2. Any work that needs to be stamped

should be on the corner of your desk/table with your stamp sheet

3.  Study Ch. 13 à quiz next class

Chemistry Wednesday, September 13th – Thursday,

September 14th,, 2017

Do-Now Title: “Ch. 13 Notes C” 1.  Write down today’s FLT 2.  List the three states of matter and list an

example 3.  Describe one property of each state underneath 4.  _________ is the change of a liquid into a vapor 5.  Explain why changing the temperature can help

speed up the process of evaporation. 6.  We will take notes under our do-now. Draw or

fold your column for cornell notes. Finished? Take out your planner and table of

contents.

Announcements •  Clearmissingassignments•  Bringclassmaterialsdaily

•  Reminder:DojoPoints

– 5points:• Treat,pen/pencil,calculatoruse(one-Qme)

– 10points:• Newperiodictable/referencesheet

– 15points:• ToCstamp

Planner: •  Turn in Inquiry Activity •  Elements WS •  Read 3.2-3.3

Table of Contents #1: 14. Ch. 13 CN Part C 15.  Elements WS

FLT •  I will be able to identify the temperature

and pressure conditions for states of matter by completing Ch. 13 Notes C

Standard HS-PS1-4:Developamodeltoillustratethatthe

releaseorabsorpQonofenergyfromachemical

reacQonsystemdependsuponthechangesintotal

bondenergy.

Notes Protocol • Title your notes & add assignment # • Complete Cornell-style • Copy down all bolded ideas • Noise level 0 • Raise hand to question/comment • Be prepared to pair-share-respond

Changes of State

Changes of State: Draw This

Changes of State •  Sublima(on=Directchangefromsolidtovapor(withoutpassingthroughliquidphase)

Changes of State •  Sublimation can occur because solids and liquids

have vapor pressure •  Sublimation occurs in solids with vapor pressures

that exceed atmospheric pressure at or near room temperature.

Sublimation •  Applications: Freeze-dried goods, coolants, and air

fresheners.

Phase Diagrams •  Phase Diagram = Diagram that shows the

relationships among solid, liquid, and vapor states of a substance

Phase Diagrams •  Shows the temperature and pressure at which

substances exist at each state •  You can locate the normal melting point, normal

boiling point, triple point, and critical point on the diagram

Phase Diagrams •  Triple Point = Set of conditions at which the

three phases exist in equilibrium •  At the critical point, the physical properties of the

liquid and gaseous states are identical

That’s it J

States of Matter Inquiry Mini-Lab

Problem •  Through a variety of different procedures,

determine whether the unknown substance and water solution that the beaker contains is a solid or a liquid.

Problem •  Keep in mind the role of pressure and temperature

throughout this activity.

Pre-Lab Questions •  We will work in groups of 2-3. •  It is important that we exhibit good

laboratory safety behaviors and measurement skills.

•  Answer questions 1-4 with your lab partner. Answer in complete sentences. When finished, get the front page stamped off.

Reminders •  Observations:

– Can be qualitative or quantitative – Be detailed – Observation: The solution looks blue – Better: The solution is a transparent sky blue color

with a few particles settled at the bottom of the beaker

Procedure 1.  Useweighboatstoobtain15gramsofthe

mysterysubstanceintoaplasQccup/beaker.

–  WritedetailedobservaQonsofwhatyouseeand

statewhethertheyaresolidsorliquidsinstep#2.

2.  Useagraduatedcylindertomeasure12mLof

waterandplaceintothebeaker.DONOTMIX.

àObserve,andthenuseyourhandtomix

together.MakedetailedobservaQonsabout

textureandconsistencyindatatable(step#4)

àNowfollowsteps#5-9tofinishyourlab

Procedure 3.Tapthesurfaceoftheunknownsubstancewith

yourfingerFIRMLY.Filloutdatatablestep#5.

4.SLOWLYsubmergeyourfingerintothesoluQon.

Filloutdatatablestep#6.

5.TrygrabbingabouthalfofthesoluQonwithyour

handandseehowitreactsinyourpalm.Fillout

datatable#7.

Procedure 6.Scrapesomeofthesubstancewthyourfinger.

Filloutdatatable#8.

7.Cleanup–dumpoutsoluQonsandrinseout

bowls/containers.Wipedowntablesandgetyour

datatablestampedbyMs.Fleming

Finished?

àCompletepost-labquesQonsandturnin

àPrepareforquiz