Chemistry Friday, December 1st – Monday, December 4th,

2017

Do-Now: “Cornell Notes Ch. 7 B” 1. Write down today’s FLT

Copy and complete the sentence frames: 2.  Equations for reactions can be represented

using __________ and ___________. 3.  The arrow means __________. 4.  If there is a double arrow, it means _____. 5. aq stands for aqueous, which means ____. 6. Write as a chemical equation: Fluorine gas

reacts with iron (III) iodide to produce iodine gas and iron (III) fluoride.

Take out your planner and ToC

FLT •  I will be able to describe the steps for

writing a balanced chemical equation by completing Ch. 7 CN B

Standard HS-PS1-7:Usemathematicalrepresentationstosupporttheclaimthatatoms,andthereforemass,areconservedduringachemicalreaction

Chemical Reactions

Ch. 7 Cornell Notes B • Add assignment # • Copy down all bolded ideas • Noise level 0 • Raise hand to question/comment • Be prepared to pair-share-respond

Describing Chemical Reactions

Recall

Chemical Equations • Chemical Equation = Shorthand

representation of a chemical reaction using formulas and symbols

Conservation of Mass

Law of Conservation of Mass •  Law of Conservation of Mass =

mass in a closed system can neither be created nor destroyed

Law of Conservation of Mass • What does this mean for us?

– In a balanced chemical equation, the number and kinds of atoms on each side of the equation should be equal.

Law of Conservation of Mass

Law of Conservation of Mass

Balancing Equations

Video Notes • Wewillwatchavideoclipaboutbalancingbeforewegoovertherules

• Asyouwatchthevideo,writedownfourthingsyoulearnfromthevideo– Youmayusesentencesordiagrams

Balancing Equations • Atoms can’t be created or destroyed

in an ordinary reaction: – All the atoms we start with we must

end up with (balanced)

Balancing Equations • A balanced equation has the same

number of each element on both sides of the equation

Balancing Equations • We use coefficients to indicate

multiples of molecules or compounds

Balancing Equations • Coefficients are multiples of the

entire formula • How does this affect each atom?

Coefficients •  How many of each type of atom? 1.  3H2O

H: O:

2.  2NO3 N: O:

3.  3Ca(NO3)2 Ca: N: O:

Rules 1.  Write out correct formulas (if not

already written) Ex/ Li + H3PO4 à H2 + Li3PO4

Rules 2. Count the # of atoms of each type on both sides

–  If a polyatomic ion appears on both sides, count it together

Ex/ Li + H3PO4 à H2 + Li3PO4

Rules 3. Balance the elements one at a time by adding coefficients in front. à Generally, balance H, O, & monatomic atoms last

Ex/ Li + H3PO4 à H2 + Li3PO4

Rules 4. Double-check – always Ex/ Li + H3PO4 à H2 + Li3PO4

Rules Never’s: •  Never add or change subscripts on

formulas •  Never put a coefficient in the middle of a

formula

Example: Oxygen and hydrogen react to form water

Example 2: C3H8 + O2 à H2O + CO2

Try These:

1.  AgNO3 + Cu → Cu(NO3)2 + Ag

2.  Mg + N2 → Mg3N2

3.  P + O2 → P4O10

4.  CH4 + O2 → CO2 + H2O

Chemistry Tuesday, December 5th – Wednesday,

December 6th, 2017

Do-Now: “Reaction Types CN” 1. Write down today’s FLT 2. What does the Law of Conservation of

Mass tell us? Aluminum oxide yields solid aluminum and

oxygen gas 3. Write the chemical equation for the above

word equation. Be sure to write your formulas carefully.

4.  Balance the chemical equation. Show all work.

Take out your planner

FLT •  I will be able to describe and identify the

five general types of chemical reactions by completing Reaction Types CN

Standard HS-PS1-7:Usemathematicalrepresentationstosupporttheclaimthatatoms,andthereforemass,areconservedduringachemicalreaction

Chemical Reactions

Ch. 8 Cornell Notes • Add assignment # • Copy down all bolded ideas • Noise level 0 • Raise hand to question/comment • Be prepared to pair-share-respond

Types of Chemical Reactions

Recall

Chemical Equations • Chemical Equations = Represent

chemical rxns • Must be balanced (Law of

Conservation of Mass)

Overview

Overview • We can categorize reactions into five

general types: – Combination/Synthesis – Decomposition – Combustion – Single displacement/replacement – Double displacement/replacement

Combination Rxns

Combination Reactions • Combine = put together • Combination/Synthesis Rxn =

A + B à AB

Combination Reactions • Ca + O2 à CaO

• SO3 + H2O à H2SO4

Combination Reactions • We can predict the products,

especially if the reactants are two elements

• Ex/ Mg + N2 à ?

Complete and Balance: 1.  Ca + Cl2 à

Combination Reactions • Additional Notes:

– Some nonmetal oxides react with water to produce an acid (acid rain):

SO2 + H2O à H2SO3 – Some metallic oxides react with water to produce

a base: CaO + H2O à Ca(OH)2

Decomposition Rxns

Decomposition Reactions • Decompose = fall apart • Decomposition Rxn = AB à A + B

Decomposition Reactions • NaCl Na + Cl2

• CaCO3 CaO + CO2

• Energy (heat, sunlight, electricity, etc) is usually required

Decomposition Reactions • We can predict the products for

binary compounds (only two elements)

• Ex/ H2O

Complete and Balance:

1.  HgO

Combustion Rxns

Combustion Reactions • Combustion means “add oxygen” • Combustion Rxn = Normally,

hydrocarbon + O2 à CO2 + H2O •  They can sometimes be difficult to

balance

Combustion Reactions • Ex/ C4H10 + O2 à

Try This One 1.  C2H2 + O2 à

Single Replacement Rxns

Single Replacement Rxns • AKA single displacement rxns • Single Replacement Rxn = One

element replaces another •  Metals replace metals •  Halogens replace halogens

Single Replacement Rxns •  Ex/ Na + KCl à K + NaCl •  Ex/ F2 + LiCl à

Single Replacement Rxns • Activity Series:

Metals can only replace weaker metals

• Halogens – use periodic table

Single Replacement Rxns • Can Ca replace Al? • Can Sn replace

Fe? • Can Cu replace H? • Can Zn replace

Au?

Single Replacement Rxns • Write “no rxn” if a rxn cannot

occur

Can these rxns occur? If so, write and balance them!

• Al + HCl à

• Pb + KCl à

Double Replacement Rxns

Double Replacement Rxns • Double Replacement Rxn = Two

things replace each other • Reactants must be two ionic

compounds • Ex/ NaOH + FeCl3 à Fe(OH)3 +

NaCl • Warning: Write out ions to figure out

formulas!

Double Replacement Rxns • Ex/ CuCl2 + NaOH à

Complete and Balance: •  CaCl2 + K2S à

How to recognize which type? •  Look at the reactants:

X + Y à XY = Combination XY à X + Y = Decomposition A + BC à B + AC = Single replacement AB + CD à AD + BC = Double replacement Hydrocarbon + O2à CO2 + H2O = Combustion

Chemistry Thursday, December 7th – Friday, December

8th, 2017

Do-Now: “Chemical Change Notes” 1.  Write down today’s FLT

Write what reaction type is being represented below:

2.  AB à A + B 3.  CH + O2 à H2O + CO2 4.  A + BC à B + AC 5.  A + B à AB 6.  AB + CD à AD + BC 7.  Use a pro-talk sentence frame to describe one

of the reaction types Take out your planner and ToC

Planner: •  Study for Equation Quiz J •  Bring calculators! Must be scientific •  Lab next week

Table of Contents #4: 3.  Chemical Change Notes 4.  Equation Review Packet

FLT •  I will be able to describe and identify the

five general types of chemical reactions by completing Eq/Rxn Review

Standard HS-PS1-7:Usemathematicalrepresentationstosupporttheclaimthatatoms,andthereforemass,areconservedduringachemicalreaction

Recall

How to recognize which type? •  Look at the reactants:

X + Y à XY = Combination XY à X + Y = Decomposition A + BC à B + AC = Single replacement AB + CD à AD + BC = Double replacement Hydrocarbon + O2à CO2 + H2O = Combustion

Chemical vs. Physical Change

Matter •  Matter = Anything with mass and volume •  Matter can undergo physical and

chemical changes •  What’s the difference?

Matter •  A physical change does not change

the identity of a substance – It can change its properties – What are some examples?

Matter •  Examples of physical changes:

– An ice cube melts – Rubbing alcohol evaporates – Dry ice sublimes into vapor

Matter •  A chemical change results in a

rearrangement of atoms, changing the identity of the substance – In other words, a chemical reaction

has occurred – Will substances always react with

each other? – How can you tell if a reaction occurs

in the lab?

Signs of a Chemical Change

Signs of a Chemical Change 1.   Productionofanodor

–  Whenareactionoccurs,anodormaybeproducedduetoareaction

–  Wheneggsrot,asulfuricsmellisproduced

Signs of a Chemical Change 2.   ChangeinTemperature

–  Whenareactionoccurs,itmayreleaseorabsorbheat

–  Consequently,thereactionvesselmayfeelwarmwhenheatisreleased,orcoolwhenheatisbeingabsorbed

Signs of a Chemical Change 2.   ChangeinTemperature

–  Ifareactioninabeakerisabsorbingheat,willitfeelwarmorcoldtoyou?

–  Ifareactioninabeakerisreleasingheat,willitfeelwarmorcoldtoyou?

Signs of a Chemical Change 3.   ChangeinColor

–  Manychemicalshavedifferentcolors–  Achangeincolorisoftenanindication

ofachemicalchange–  However,notallcolorchangesare

chemical

Signs of a Chemical Change 4.   ProductionofGas

–  Sometimesreactionsreleaseproductsthataregaseous

–  Youmayobservethisasbubbles,fizzing,orevenfoaming

Signs of a Chemical Change 5.   FormationofaSolid

–  Sometimeswhentwosolutionsarecombined,asolidcanform

–  Aprecipitate=aninsolublesolidthatemergesfromliquidsolution

–  Thiscanappearasacloudiness

Pair-Share-Respond 1.   Remindme…whatismatter

again?2.   Distinguishbetweenaphysical

andchemicalchange3.   Provideanexampleofaphysical

andchemicalchange4.   Identifythesignsofachemical

change.