CHEMISTRY – UNIT 1, 2

07-PS1-2, 07-PS1-5

JOURNAL PROMPT

1. Write date in journal

2. Restate question by responding to the following question

What is Matter?

SORT ACTIVITY

1 – With your talk partner, sort cards by determining matter and non-matter.

2 – Discuss what properties matter has to have to make it matter.

3 – Discuss with your quad what makes matter matter.

4 – Create a graphic organizer with your talk partner and write a statement that describes the properties of matter.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGE SONG

1. Have you written in your agenda yet?

2. Have you turned in your homework?

3. Read article, “Does it Matter?” following directions.

4. Turn to your “talk partner” discuss article.

5. Complete questions at the end of article.

LAB SAFETY

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES LAB

1 – Read all directions carefully

2 – Remember Safety Rules

3 – Rotate clockwise through stations when directed to

4 – There are 6 stations#1 – Density of an regular object

#2 – Density of an irregular object

#3 – States of matter

#4 - Solubility

5 – Record your findings in you journal

VOCABULARY RELAY RACE 1 – Wait for row # to be called

2 – Race to the back find the word or definition

3 – Hand it to the person at the back of the column

4 – Say the vocabulary word and the definition

5 – Pass the word or definition forward repeating the vocabulary word and definition until it makes it to the front

6 – The team that makes it to the front with the right word and definition scores points

7 – Team with most points win

CHEMICAL REACTION

A process in which one or

more substances

change to make one or more new

substances.

PRECIPITATE

A solid that is produced when a chemical reaction occurs in a solution

REACTANTS

A substance or molecule that is part of the chemical reaction

PRODUCTS

The substance that forms as a result of a chemical reaction.

LAW OF CONSERVATIO

N OF MASS

A law that states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes.

ATOM

The smallest unit

of matter.

MOLECULE

The smallest unit of substance that keeps all

of the physical and chemical properties of

that substance.

COMPOUND

A substance made up of two or more different atoms

bonded chemically.

PURE SUBSTANC

E

A substance that contains only one kind of element or a single compound that has chemical and physical properties.

CHEMICAL BOND

An interaction that holds atoms or ions together.

ATOMIC MASS

The mass of an atom when you

add up its subatomic

particles (protons, neutrons.)

CHEMICAL EQUATION

A representation of a chemical reaction that

uses symbols to show how the reactants and products

combine together.

JOURNAL

Describe the Law of Conservation of

Matter

JOURNAL

1 - Draw a picture of an atom

2 - Label the parts of an atom

VOCABULARY

Chemical reaction

Precipitate

Reactants

Products

Law of Conservation of Mass

Atom

Molecule

Compound

Atomic mass

Chemical bond

Pure substance

Chemical equation

ATOMS ARE AMAZING

STUDY JAMS – ATOMS, PROTONS, NEUTRONS, ELECTRONS

ATOMIC STRUCTUREThe Atoms Family Song

STRUCTURE OF AN ATOM(PAGE 256 IN SCIENCESAURUS)Nucleus – The core of an atom. Contains

protons and neutrons.

Protons – Positively (+) charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

Neutrons – Neutrally charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

Electrons – Negatively (-) charged particles found outside the nucleus of an atom.

JOURNAL

Describe the following:ElementCompoundMoleculeMixture

Element, Compound, Mixture

http://www.ivy-rose.co.uk/Chemistry/GCSE/Elements-Mixtures-Compounds.php

ELEMENT

A pure chemical substance consisting of a single type of

atom

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=vDmuFUe6R0AT1M&tbnid=h4W7FL1EEoSSUM:&ved=0CAQQjB0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dreamstime.com%2Froyalty-free-stock-photo-chemical-elements-seamless-pattern-doodles-school-squared-paper-image30554135&ei=aNUOVJK0GoahyASgnIG4Aw&psig=AFQjCNFVAcEoXXd8DSF21SsCxs34gyhhrw&ust=1410344410107268

A single element A mixture elements

MOLECULE

A term used to describe any atoms that are connected by chemical bonds.

http://chemistry.tutorvista.com/physical-chemistry/covalent-bonding.html

COMPOUNDS

A molecule made of atoms from different elements. All compounds are molecules, but not all molecules are compounds

http://www.freedrinkingwater.com/water_quality/chemical/chemistry-atoms-molecule.htm

WHICH ARE WHICH? (IDENTIFY IN YOUR JOURNAL)

http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GNp0SJ3TozY/TtiKsM9j33I/AAAAAAAAAJY/MhkWkF8J9P4/s1600/molecules.jpg

MIXTURES A substance made up of two or more different substances which are mixed but are not combined chemically.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks3/science/images/seperation_of_sweets.gif

JOURNALElements Molecules Compounds Mixtures

Similar

Different

1801701601501401301201101009080706050403020109876543210Seconds Remaining:

What does a chemical equation

tell us?

Chemical equations tell us how many atoms or

molecules react with each other and how much of a

substance is needed to react properly with another.

1801701601501401301201101009080706050403020109876543210Seconds Remaining:

Identify the reactants, products, subscripts, and coefficients in this chemical equation:

6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6 O2

COUNTING ATOMS

RULES FOR COUNTING ATOMS

1. SUBSCRIPTS only refer to the atom that they are BEHIND. For example…

H2S

There are TWO atoms of HYDROGEN and only ONE atom of SULFUR.

COEFFICIENTS

2. COEFFICIENTS apply to the entire compound. You MULTIPLY the coefficients and SUBSCRIPTS.

2 H2S

ATOMS OF HYDROGEN:

ATOMS OF SULFUR:

4

2

IF THERE ISN’T A SUBSCRIPT BEHIND AN ELEMENT, ASSUME THERE IS ONLY ONE ATOM OF THAT ELEMENT!

PARENTHESES

3. If elements or compounds are inside of PARENTHESES, then the SUBSCRIPT behind the parentheses applies to everything inside.

Ba(OH)2

ATOMS OF BARIUM:

ATOMS OF OXYGEN:

ATOMS OF HYDROGEN:

1

2

2

LET’S PRACTICE!MgCl2

Atoms of Magnesium:

Atoms of Chlorine:1

2

Al2S3

Atoms of Aluminum:

Atoms of Sulfur:

23

PRACTICEH2SO4

Atoms of Hydrogen:

Atoms of Sulfur:

Atoms of Oxygen:

21

CH3OH

Atoms of Carbon:

Atoms of Hydrogen:

Atoms of Oxygen:

14

4

1

THIS COULD BE A LITTLE TRICKY…

Ca3(PO4)2

Atoms of Calcium:

Atoms of Phosphorus:

Atoms of Oxygen:

32

Al2(SO4)3

Atoms of Aluminum:

Atoms of Sulfur:

Atoms of Oxygen:

23

8

12

WHAT ABOUT THIS BAD BOY???

2Ca3(PO4)2

Atoms of Calcium:

Atoms of Phosphorus:

Atoms of Oxygen:

64

16

1801701601501401301201101009080706050403020109876543210Seconds Remaining:

State the Law of Conservation of Mass

Conservation of Mass Video

Journal

Law of Conservation of Matter

Matter cannot be created nor destroyed in an ordinary chemical

reaction.

Law of Conservation of MassIn a chemical reaction, in a closed system, the mass of the products will equal the

mass of the products.

http://images.tutorcircle.com/cms/images/44/law-of-conservation-of-mass.PNG

CONSERVATION OF MASS

Doc Brown's Chemistry - GCSE/IGCSE/GCE (basic A level) O Level  Online Chemical Calculations

CONSERVATION OF MASS LAB

CONSERVATION OF MASS LAB PROCEDURE Procedure:

1. Collect materials and tools.

2. Put 5 grams of baking soda into your balloon with a funnel. Measure 40 ml of vinegar and pour into coke bottle.

3. Measure the mass of your reactants (baking soda and vinegar) before mixing together. Record results.

4. Place balloon over the top of your coke bottle but do not allow baking soda to be released yet.

5. Mix reactants together. Observe the reaction and record results.

6. Measure the mass of your products (measure with the containers and products), record your results.

7. Draw conclusion about whether or not mass was conserved.

JOURNAL Identify the following as a compound, molecule, element or combination:

1. CaCl2 2. H 3. K

4. O2

Identify the following parts of a chemical equation: 1. reactants2. products3. # of reactants in the equation

4. # of Hydrogen atoms

2H2 + O2 2 H2O

JOURNAL Using what you have learned about atoms, compounds, and molecules, write a chemical formula for the 4 diagrams shown.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/standard/chemistry/images/covalent_molecules.gif

JOURNAL

1. A variable is ……..

2. The three kinds of variable are……….

JOURNAL 1. List 3 types of energy.

2. Describe where the energy comes from and how we use this energy.

REVIEWING MATTER Three principal states of matter Solid Liquid Gas

STATES OF MATTER Solid: molecules are tightly packed together; definite shape and volume

Liquid: molecules are able to move around, but are still bonded; no definite shape, but definite volume Viscosity: the resistance of a liquid to flowing.

High viscosity flows slowly Low viscosity flows quickly

Gas: molecules are spread apart, filling the space available; no definite shape or volume

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER

Boiling point (vaporization): the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas

Melting point: the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid

Condensation point: the temperature at which a gas turns to a liquid (the same temperature as the boiling point)

Freezing point: the temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid (the same temperature as the melting point)

CHANGES IN MATTER

Physical change: alters the form of a substance, but not its identityExamples: mixing salt and water, freezing water

Chemical change: substances combine or break apart to form new substancesExamples: burning wood, heating sugar to make caramel

Mixtures: two or more substances that are in the same place but are not chemically combinedExamples: Kool-aid, sea water

Pure substances: made of only one kind of matter and has definite properties.

Elements: a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical or physical meansExamples: iron, copper, aluminum

Compounds: a substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combinedExamples: sugar, salt