Chemical ReactionsChapter 13

Objectives SPI 0807.9.3 Classify common substances as

elements or compounds based on their symbols or formulas.

SPI 0807.9.8 Interpret the results of an investigation to determine whether a physical or chemical change has occurred.

I can:1. Identify the signs of a chemical reaction.2. Identify a compound by its chemical formula.3. Write a formula for a covalent compound.4. Name a covalent compound given its chemical

formula.

Chemical Reaction Process in which one or more substances

change to make one or more new substances

Signs of a chemical reaction Gas formation (gas bubbles) Color change Precipitate forms (a solid produced) Energy given off (light, thermal, electrical, heat) Formation of new substance Breaking of bonds Making new bonds

I can identify the signs of a chemical reaction.

Gas Formation• Nitrogen dioxide

Energy Change• Light• heat

Precipitate forming• Silver chromate

Color Change

I can identify the signs of a chemical reaction.

Chemical Formula A shorthand way to use chemical

symbols and numbers to represent a substance

Examples: H2O NaCl CO2

CaF2

C6H12O6

I can identify a compound by its chemical formula.

Formulas for Covalent Compounds Uses prefixes that

tells how many atoms of each element are in a formula

Change the ending of the last atom to -ide

Mono- 1

Di- 2

Tri- 3

Tetra- 4

Penta- 5

Hexa- 6

Hepta- 7

Octa- 8

Nona- 9

Deca- 10

I can write the formula of a covalent compound.

Write the formulas for each compound1. Antimony tribromide 2. Hexaboron silicide 3. Chlorine dioxide 4. Hydrogen iodide 5. Iodine pentafluoride 6. Dinitrogen trioxide7. Diboron hexahydride 8. Diphosphorus pentoxide

I can write the formula of a covalent compound.

Name these covalent compounds1. P4S5

2. SeF6

3. Si2Br 64. SCl45. CO2

6. B2Si

7. NF3

I can name a covalent compound given its chemical formula.

Objectives SPI 0807.9.3 Classify common substances

as elements or compounds based on their symbols or formulas.

SPI 0807.9.8 Interpret the results of an investigation to determine whether a physical or chemical change has occurred.

I can:1. Name a ionic compound given its chemical

formula.

Formulas for Ionic Compounds Change the negative ion’s ending to –ide Examples:

NaCl Sodium chloride

MgCl2 Magnesium chloride

CaF2

Calcium fluoride Li2O

Lithium oxide

I can name an ionic compound given its chemical formula.

Objectives SPI 0807.9.10 Identify the reactants and products

of a chemical reaction. SPI 0807.9.11 Recognize that in a chemical reaction

the mass of the reactants is equal to the mass of the products (Law of Conservation of Mass).

I can:1. Identify the products and reactants of a chemical

reaction.2. Identify the number of atoms for each element in a

molecule.3. Define the Law of Conservation of Mass.4. Balance an equation using the Law of Conservation

of Mass.

Chemical Equations Represents a chemical

reaction that uses symbols and formulas

Reactants – starting material in chemical reaction (before arrow)

Products – substances formed from chemical reaction (after arrow)

Coefficient – number placed in front of a chemical symbol or formula

I can identify the products and reactants of a chemical equation.

Determine the number of atoms for each element.1. NaCl2. H2O

3. 3NaCl4. 12H2O

5. 4C6H12O6

6. (PO4)2

7. 6(NH3)3

I can determine the number of atoms for each element in a molecule.

Balancing Equations Law of Conservation of Mass – mass

cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes

Atoms of reactants = atoms of products Atoms are never lost or gained, just

rearranged

I can define the Law of Conservation of Mass.

Balancing Equations1. Count the atoms of each element2. Balance uneven atoms, by placing

coefficients in front of symbol or formula

3. Place coefficients as needed until all atoms are balanced

4. Double check your work

I can balance a chemical equation using the Law of Conservation of Mass.

Objectives SPI 0807.9.8 Interpret the results of an investigation

to determine whether a physical or chemical change has occurred.

SPI 0807.9.10 Identify the reactants and products of a chemical reaction.

SPI 0807.9.11 Recognize that in a chemical reaction the mass of the reactants is equal to the mass of the products (Law of Conservation of Mass).

I can:1. Identify the six types of reactions: Synthesis,

decomposition, single-displacement, double-displacement, combustion, acid-base.

Types of Reactions1. Synthesis Reaction – rxn in which 2 or

more substances combine to form one new compound.

A + B → AB Examples:

2 NH3+ H2SO4 (NH4)2SO4 2 H2 + O2 2 H2O

I can identify the six types of reactions.

Types of Reactions2. Decomposition Reaction – rxn in

which a single compound breaks down to from 2 or more simpler substances.

AB → A +B Examples:

NH4OH NH3 + H2O 2 KClO3 2 KCl + 3 O2

I can identify the six types of reactions.

Types of Reactions3. Single-Displacement Reaction – rxn in

which one element takes the place of another element

A +BC → AB + C Examples:

3 Pb + 2 H3PO4 3 H2 + 1 Pb3(PO4)2

H2 + 2 NaOH 2 Na + 2 H2O

I can identify the six types of reactions.

Types of Reactions4. Double-Displacement Reaction – rxn in

which ions from two compounds exchange places.

AB + CD → AC + DB Examples:

1 Li3N + 3 NH4NO3 3 LiNO3 + 1 (NH4)3N 2 AlBr3 + 3 K2SO4 6 KBr + 1 Al2(SO4)3

2 NaBr + 1 CaF2 2 NaF + 1 CaBr2

I can identify the six types of reactions.

Types of Reactions5. Combustion – produces CO2 and H2O Examples:

4 C5H9O + 27 O2 20 CO2 + 18 H2O 2 C8H18 + 25 O2 16 CO2 + 18 H2O 1 C3H8 + 5 O2 3 CO2 + 4 H2O

6. Acid-Base Reaction – acid reacts with base producing water and a salt

Examples: 3 HBr + 1 Al(OH)3 3 H 2O + 1 AlBr3

HCl + NaOH H2O + NaCl

I can identify the six types of reactions.