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Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula
Technical Appendices
CONTENTS
Appendix A. List of Capped Charter Schools
Appendix B. Regression Methodology for Analysis of Student Outcomes
Iwunze Ugo and Laura Hill
PPIC.ORG Technical Appendices Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula 2
Appendix A: List of Capped Charter Schools
TABLE A1 Charter schools subject to cap on concentration grant
County School Enrollment Share of high-need
students (%) Funding per pupil ($) Difference
School District With cap Without cap
Alameda Achieve Academy 746 98 78 9,560 10,293 732
Alameda Alternatives in Action 165 97 78 10,293 11,037 744
Alameda American Indian Public Charter 131 79 78 9,169 9,197 28
Alameda American Indian Public Charter School II 639 79 78 9,299 9,350 51
Alameda ARISE High 263 96 78 10,800 11,528 729
Alameda ASCEND 444 96 78 9,478 10,137 659
Alameda Aspire Berkley Maynard Academy 530 82 78 9,289 9,443 154
Alameda Aspire College Academy 286 96 78 9,497 10,160 663
Alameda Aspire ERES Academy 218 97 78 9,489 10,169 680
Alameda Aspire Golden State College Preparatory Academy 578 90 78 9,927 10,366 440
Alameda Aspire Lionel Wilson College Preparatory Academy 531 95 78 10,254 10,911 657
Alameda Aspire Monarch Academy 390 98 78 9,681 10,422 740
Alameda Aspire Triumph Technology Academy 279 93 78 9,360 9,893 533
Alameda Bay Area Technology 284 92 78 9,837 10,367 530
Alameda Castlemont Junior Academy 32 94 78 7,323 7,764 441
Alameda Castlemont Primary Academy 109 87 78 9,076 9,396 320
Alameda Civicorps Corpsmember Academy 78 92 78 10,863 11,446 583
Alameda Community School for Creative Education 192 78 78 8,716 8,727 11
Alameda Cox Academy 619 95 78 9,220 9,825 605
Alameda Downtown Charter Academy 263 87 78 9,373 9,694 321
Alameda East Oakland Leadership Academy 111 98 78 9,214 9,924 710
Alameda Epic Charter 288 92 78 9,071 9,559 488
Alameda Lazear Charter Academy 459 95 78 9,252 9,867 614
Alameda Learning Without Limits 419 95 78 9,483 10,083 600
Alameda Lighthouse Community Charter 490 89 78 9,348 9,741 393
Alameda Lighthouse Community Charter High 260 87 78 10,794 11,149 355
Alameda LPS Oakland R & D Campus 337 95 78 10,421 11,091 670
Alameda Oakland Charter Academy 190 91 78 8,927 9,362 434
Alameda Oakland Charter High 403 84 78 10,966 11,225 259
Alameda Oakland Unity High 337 84 78 10,583 10,846 263
PPIC.ORG Technical Appendices Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula 3
County School Enrollment Share of high-need
students (%) Funding per pupil ($) Difference
School District With cap Without cap
Alameda Oakland Unity Middle 76 95 78 9,078 9,658 580
Alameda REALM Charter High 366 78 55 9,490 10,450 960
Alameda REALM Charter Middle 302 75 55 8,095 8,790 695
Alameda Vincent Academy 271 91 78 9,570 10,040 470
Butte Blue Oak Charter 433 60 55 7,862 8,037 174
Butte HomeTech Charter 147 78 66 9,157 9,643 486
Butte Nord Country 167 57 55 8,030 8,088 58
Butte Paradise eLearning Academy 56 70 66 7,617 7,765 148
Contra Costa Aspire Richmond Technology Academy 251 84 75 9,089 9,440 351
Contra Costa Caliber: Beta Academy 608 84 75 9,154 9,476 323
Contra Costa John Henry High 125 86 75 10,693 11,187 493
Contra Costa Leadership Public Schools: Richmond 511 95 75 10,763 11,610 847
Contra Costa Making Waves Academy 759 85 75 9,661 10,067 406
Contra Costa Manzanita Middle 135 80 75 8,763 8,947 184
Contra Costa Richmond Charter Academy 231 90 75 9,117 9,649 531
Contra Costa Richmond Charter Elementary-Benito Juarez 405 93 75 9,389 10,068 679
Contra Costa Richmond College Preparatory 443 81 75 9,018 9,242 224
Del Norte Uncharted Shores Academy 147 72 65 8,595 8,824 229
Fresno Carter G. Woodson Public Charter 329 99 88 10,611 11,057 446
Fresno Edison-Bethune Charter Academy 553 95 88 9,635 9,896 261
Fresno School of Unlimited Learning 213 95 88 10,441 10,732 292
Fresno W. E. B. DuBois Public Charter 413 99 92 10,113 10,383 270
Glenn Success One! 77 84 69 4,208 4,458 250
Humboldt Alder Grove Charter 379 67 66 9,786 9,812 26
Humboldt Laurel Tree Charter 123 57 55 8,416 8,495 79
Humboldt Trillium Charter 44 80 55 8,304 9,194 890
Imperial Imagine Schools at Imperial Valley 861 90 86 9,186 9,335 150
Inyo College Bridge Academy 365 99 94 10,876 11,059 183
Inyo The Education Corps 274 100 94 7,823 7,978 155
Kern Cecil Avenue Math and Science Academy 689 94 90 9,747 9,871 124
Kern Del Vista Math and Science Academy 571 96 91 10,038 10,245 208
Kern Kern Workforce 2000 Academy 422 82 65 10,197 10,878 681
Kern Nueva Vista Language Academy 547 97 91 10,159 10,386 227
Kern Ridgecrest Charter 421 57 55 8,163 8,239 75
Kings Kings Valley Academy 219 92 82 13,252 13,745 493
PPIC.ORG Technical Appendices Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula 4
County School Enrollment Share of high-need
students (%) Funding per pupil ($) Difference
School District With cap Without cap
Lake Lake County International Charter 75 75 58 8,111 8,684 573
Los Angeles Academia Avance Charter 437 91 84 10,256 10,535 278
Los Angeles Academia Moderna 468 98 84 9,807 10,337 530
Los Angeles Academy of Science and Engineering 226 95 84 11,021 11,462 442
Los Angeles Accelerated Charter Elementary 302 99 84 10,165 10,736 570
Los Angeles Alain Leroy Locke College Preparatory Academy 1684 96 84 10,333 10,806 473
Los Angeles Alliance Alice M. Baxter College-Ready High 220 84 84 10,605 10,607 2
Los Angeles Alliance Cindy and Bill Simon Technology Academy High 514 99 84 11,342 11,992 650
Los Angeles Alliance College-Ready Academy High 16 262 94 84 11,059 11,477 418
Los Angeles Alliance College-Ready Middle Academy 12 419 99 84 9,530 10,068 538
Los Angeles Alliance College-Ready Middle Academy 4 455 99 84 9,734 10,300 566
Los Angeles Alliance College-Ready Middle Academy 5 331 95 84 9,330 9,724 394
Los Angeles Alliance College-Ready Middle Academy 8 295 95 84 9,457 9,856 399
Los Angeles Alliance Collins Family College-Ready High 601 93 84 11,494 11,895 401
Los Angeles Alliance Dr. Olga Mohan High 451 97 84 11,310 11,870 560
Los Angeles Alliance Gertz-Ressler Richard Merkin 6-12 Complex 980 97 84 10,573 11,099 527
Los Angeles Alliance Health Services Academy High 453 92 84 10,956 11,282 326
Los Angeles Alliance Jack H. Skirball Middle 444 97 84 9,418 9,882 464
Los Angeles Alliance Judy Ivie Burton Technology Academy High 600 97 84 11,528 12,114 585
Los Angeles Alliance Kory Hunter Middle 293 98 84 9,387 9,890 502
Los Angeles Alliance Leadership Middle Academy 413 92 84 9,301 9,605 303
Los Angeles Alliance Leichtman-Levine Family Foundation Environmental Science High
528 88 84 11,134 11,316 182
Los Angeles Alliance Marc & Eva Stern Math and Science 601 90 84 11,047 11,311 264
Los Angeles Alliance Margaret M. Bloomfield Technology Academy High
280 94 84 11,287 11,729 443
Los Angeles Alliance Morgan McKinzie High 312 96 84 11,173 11,697 524
Los Angeles Alliance Ouchi-O'Donovan 6-12 Complex 1003 97 84 10,662 11,182 520
Los Angeles Alliance Patti And Peter Neuwirth Leadership Academy
630 97 84 11,554 12,128 574
Los Angeles Alliance Renee and Meyer Luskin Academy High 554 96 84 11,129 11,631 502
Los Angeles Alliance Susan and Eric Smidt Technology High 514 95 84 11,159 11,641 482
Los Angeles Alliance Tennenbaum Family Technology High 408 85 84 10,940 11,004 63
PPIC.ORG Technical Appendices Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula 5
County School Enrollment Share of high-need
students (%) Funding per pupil ($) Difference
School District With cap Without cap
Los Angeles Anahuacalmecac International University Preparatory of North America
368 93 84 9,917 10,241 324
Los Angeles Animo College Preparatory Academy 533 97 84 10,422 10,930 509
Los Angeles Animo Ellen Ochoa Charter Middle 298 97 84 9,255 9,709 454
Los Angeles Animo Inglewood Charter High 642 91 85 10,981 11,243 262
Los Angeles Animo Jackie Robinson High 612 98 84 11,362 11,968 606
Los Angeles Animo James B. Taylor Charter Middle 462 99 84 9,512 10,049 537
Los Angeles Animo Jefferson Charter Middle 551 99 84 9,464 10,006 542
Los Angeles Animo Mae Jemison Charter Middle 320 97 84 9,149 9,601 452
Los Angeles Animo Pat Brown 617 98 84 11,181 11,783 602
Los Angeles Animo Phillis Wheatley Charter Middle 605 93 84 9,205 9,539 334
Los Angeles Animo Ralph Bunche Charter High 618 98 84 11,426 12,041 615
Los Angeles Animo South Los Angeles Charter 622 92 84 11,080 11,418 338
Los Angeles Animo Venice Charter High 599 87 84 11,085 11,208 123
Los Angeles Animo Watts College Preparatory Academy 561 95 84 10,807 11,279 472
Los Angeles Animo Western Charter Middle 626 95 84 9,410 9,809 399
Los Angeles APEX Academy 436 98 84 9,931 10,450 519
Los Angeles Ararat Charter 340 89 84 9,497 9,665 168
Los Angeles Arts In Action Community Charter 332 94 84 9,838 10,197 360
Los Angeles Aspire Antonio Maria Lugo Academy 430 95 84 9,737 10,159 422
Los Angeles Aspire Centennial College Preparatory Academy 547 95 84 9,363 9,739 377
Los Angeles Aspire Firestone Academy Charter 421 93 84 9,656 9,986 330
Los Angeles Aspire Gateway Academy Charter 416 92 84 9,755 10,051 295
Los Angeles Aspire Inskeep Academy Charter 345 98 84 9,464 9,964 500
Los Angeles Aspire Juanita Tate Academy Charter 369 97 84 9,663 10,137 474
Los Angeles Aspire Junior Collegiate Academy 309 95 84 9,714 10,109 395
Los Angeles Aspire Ollin University Preparatory Academy 578 94 84 10,846 11,262 416
Los Angeles Aspire Pacific Academy 490 95 84 10,339 10,765 426
Los Angeles Aspire Slauson Academy Charter 342 97 84 9,573 10,032 459
Los Angeles Aspire Titan Academy 328 98 84 9,881 10,409 529
Los Angeles Assurance Learning Academy 783 91 85 12,222 12,498 276
Los Angeles Barack Obama Charter 314 92 89 9,522 9,629 107
Los Angeles Bert Corona Charter 375 88 84 9,356 9,521 165
PPIC.ORG Technical Appendices Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula 6
County School Enrollment Share of high-need
students (%) Funding per pupil ($) Difference
School District With cap Without cap
Los Angeles Birmingham Community Charter High 3278 85 84 10,878 10,927 49
Los Angeles Bright Star Secondary Charter Academy 564 93 84 10,853 11,244 390
Los Angeles Camino Nuevo Academy #2 563 97 84 9,749 10,242 493
Los Angeles Camino Nuevo Charter Academy 561 99 84 9,711 10,257 546
Los Angeles Camino Nuevo Charter Academy No. 4 629 94 84 9,536 9,910 373
Los Angeles Camino Nuevo Charter High 324 92 84 10,874 11,196 322
Los Angeles Camino Nuevo Elementary No. 3 789 99 84 9,467 10,009 542
Los Angeles Camino Nuevo High No. 2 472 98 84 10,977 11,544 567
Los Angeles Celerity Cardinal Charter 349 96 84 9,851 10,286 436
Los Angeles Celerity Dyad Charter 705 98 84 9,867 10,404 537
Los Angeles Celerity Nascent Charter 583 92 84 9,792 10,095 303
Los Angeles Celerity Octavia Charter 417 95 84 9,633 10,032 399
Los Angeles Celerity Palmati Charter 439 98 84 9,934 10,463 529
Los Angeles Celerity Sirius Charter 481 93 89 9,817 9,958 141
Los Angeles Center for Advanced Learning 358 94 84 9,905 10,296 391
Los Angeles Central City Value 483 93 84 11,143 11,546 403
Los Angeles Children of Promise Preparatory Academy 321 95 85 9,592 9,964 372
Los Angeles Clear Passage Educational Center 4 100 69 31,920 35,774 3,855
Los Angeles Clemente Charter 219 96 84 10,104 10,573 468
Los Angeles Collegiate Charter High School of Los Angeles 54 93 84 11,121 11,487 367
Los Angeles Crenshaw Arts-Technology Charter High 141 91 84 10,830 11,132 302
Los Angeles Crown Preparatory Academy 470 96 84 9,479 9,926 448
Los Angeles Discovery Charter Preparatory #2 259 93 84 10,808 11,198 391
Los Angeles Downtown Value 455 91 84 9,611 9,860 249
Los Angeles Dr. Theo. T. Alexander Jr., Science Center 655 86 84 9,501 9,595 94
Los Angeles Endeavor College Preparatory Charter 612 96 84 9,571 9,999 427
Los Angeles Environmental Charter Middle 354 97 84 9,575 10,057 482
Los Angeles Environmental Charter Middle - Inglewood 182 95 85 9,558 9,938 380
Los Angeles Equitas Academy #2 298 96 84 9,268 9,704 437
Los Angeles Equitas Academy #3 Charter 100 95 84 9,903 10,318 415
Los Angeles Equitas Academy Charter 450 96 84 9,901 10,360 459
Los Angeles Everest Value 206 97 84 9,752 10,225 473
Los Angeles Extera Public 519 94 84 9,586 9,969 383
Los Angeles Extera Public School No. 2 287 96 84 9,785 10,218 433
PPIC.ORG Technical Appendices Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula 7
County School Enrollment Share of high-need
students (%) Funding per pupil ($) Difference
School District With cap Without cap
Los Angeles Fenton Avenue Charter 746 86 84 9,672 9,768 95
Los Angeles Fenton Primary Center 800 91 84 10,414 10,712 298
Los Angeles
Fenton STEM Academy: Elementary Center for Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics
145 90 84 10,296 10,550 253
Los Angeles Gabriella Charter 433 89 84 9,597 9,784 187
Los Angeles Gifted Academy of Mathematics and Entrepreneurial Studies
221 98 84 9,138 9,633 494
Los Angeles Global Education Academy 236 99 84 9,846 10,414 568
Los Angeles Global Education Academy 2 78 93 84 9,504 9,829 325
Los Angeles Global Education Academy Middle 133 100 84 9,206 9,760 554
Los Angeles ICEF Inglewood Elementary Charter Academy 394 92 85 9,500 9,747 246
Los Angeles ICEF Inglewood Middle Charter Academy 216 88 85 9,651 9,782 131
Los Angeles ICEF Innovation Los Angeles Charter 193 93 84 9,457 9,787 330
Los Angeles ICEF Vista Elementary Academy 365 98 84 9,634 10,158 524
Los Angeles ICEF Vista Middle Academy 241 97 84 9,448 9,918 470
Los Angeles Ingenium Charter Middle 151 89 84 9,009 9,196 187
Los Angeles Insight @ Los Angeles 259 76 74 10,285 10,377 93
Los Angeles James Jordan Middle 386 92 84 9,411 9,707 296
Los Angeles Jardin de la Infancia 36 100 84 10,455 11,085 629
Los Angeles KIPP Academy of Innovation 252 92 84 9,214 9,503 289
Los Angeles KIPP Academy of Opportunity 367 85 84 8,943 8,980 37
Los Angeles KIPP Comienza Community Prep 552 94 84 9,940 10,312 371
Los Angeles KIPP Empower Academy 570 90 84 9,573 9,780 207
Los Angeles KIPP Ignite Academy 111 95 84 9,821 10,218 397
Los Angeles KIPP Iluminar Academy 448 90 84 9,995 10,219 224
Los Angeles KIPP Los Angeles College Preparatory 497 94 84 9,453 9,810 357
Los Angeles KIPP Philosophers Academy 363 95 84 9,097 9,483 387
Los Angeles KIPP Promesa Prep 117 97 84 9,762 10,228 466
Los Angeles KIPP Raices Academy 548 94 84 9,864 10,237 373
Los Angeles KIPP Scholar Academy 391 94 84 9,182 9,536 354
Los Angeles KIPP Sol Academy 390 93 84 9,375 9,685 310
Los Angeles KIPP Vida Preparatory Academy 335 94 84 9,526 9,900 374
Los Angeles La Verne Science and Technology Charter 265 87 85 9,065 9,143 78
Los Angeles Lashon Academy 183 89 84 9,905 10,106 201
Los Angeles Learning Works 276 95 69 9,562 10,527 965
PPIC.ORG Technical Appendices Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula 8
County School Enrollment Share of high-need
students (%) Funding per pupil ($) Difference
School District With cap Without cap
Los Angeles Libertas College Preparatory Charter 89 93 84 9,234 9,561 328
Los Angeles Los Angeles Academy of Arts & Enterprise Charter 382 99 84 10,432 11,010 578
Los Angeles Los Angeles Leadership Academy 538 85 84 9,923 9,966 43
Los Angeles Los Angeles Leadership Primary Academy 350 90 84 9,551 9,758 208
Los Angeles Lou Dantzler Preparatory Charter Elementary 337 92 84 9,121 9,411 290
Los Angeles Lou Dantzler Preparatory Charter Middle 289 90 84 9,380 9,584 204
Los Angeles Magnolia Science Academy 540 92 84 10,298 10,610 311
Los Angeles Magnolia Science Academy 3 455 85 84 10,003 10,051 48
Los Angeles Magnolia Science Academy 5 148 93 84 9,410 9,746 336
Los Angeles Magnolia Science Academy Bell 493 94 84 9,498 9,875 377
Los Angeles Math and Science College Preparatory 396 91 84 10,977 11,293 316
Los Angeles Mission View Public 1574 86 85 12,941 12,991 50
Los Angeles Monsenor Oscar Romero Charter Middle 337 98 84 9,532 10,035 503
Los Angeles Montague Charter Academy 969 97 84 9,812 10,309 498
Los Angeles Mosaica Online Academy of Los Angeles 25 68 55 8,453 8,936 484
Los Angeles N.E.W. Academy Canoga Park 499 97 84 9,728 10,201 473
Los Angeles N.E.W. Academy of Science and Arts 349 100 84 9,922 10,515 594
Los Angeles New Designs Charter 838 95 84 10,222 10,634 412
Los Angeles New Designs Charter School-Watts 438 94 84 9,670 10,047 377
Los Angeles New Heights Charter 431 98 84 9,558 10,071 514
Los Angeles New Horizons Charter Academy 250 85 84 9,283 9,326 43
Los Angeles New Village Girls Academy 126 96 84 8,879 9,295 416
Los Angeles North Valley Military Institute College Preparatory Academy 495 86 84 10,134 10,201 67
Los Angeles Opportunities for Learning - Duarte 365 81 78 27,532 27,803 272
Los Angeles Optimist Charter 119 99 84 11,742 12,418 676
Los Angeles Oscar De La Hoya Animo Charter High 620 95 84 11,164 11,638 474
Los Angeles Pacoima Charter Elementary 1350 90 84 9,781 9,991 210
Los Angeles Para Los Ninos - Evelyn Thurman Gratts Primary 333 99 84 9,756 10,311 555
Los Angeles Para Los Ninos Charter 378 99 84 9,628 10,159 531
Los Angeles Para Los Ninos Middle 357 96 84 9,515 9,943 428
Los Angeles Pathways Community 183 99 84 11,241 11,890 649
Los Angeles PREPA TEC - Los Angeles 373 97 84 9,324 9,799 474
Los Angeles Public Policy Charter 92 100 84 9,417 9,984 567
PPIC.ORG Technical Appendices Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula 9
County School Enrollment Share of high-need
students (%) Funding per pupil ($) Difference
School District With cap Without cap
Los Angeles PUC CALS Middle and Early College High 571 85 84 9,994 10,050 56
Los Angeles PUC Excel Charter Academy 321 98 84 9,323 9,803 479
Los Angeles PUC Lakeview Charter Academy 351 87 84 9,193 9,297 105
Los Angeles PUC Milagro Charter 287 89 84 9,649 9,855 206
Los Angeles PUC Santa Rosa Charter Academy 193 92 84 9,233 9,520 287
Los Angeles Puente Charter 116 100 84 9,597 10,164 567
Los Angeles Resolute Academy Charter 98 99 84 9,196 9,716 519
Los Angeles Rise Ko Hyang Middle 370 90 84 9,455 9,668 213
Los Angeles Santa Monica Boulevard Community Charter 937 98 84 10,159 10,712 552
Los Angeles Soledad Enrichment Action Charter High 1127 93 89 10,550 10,705 155
Los Angeles Stella Middle Charter Academy 523 98 84 9,310 9,800 490
Los Angeles Student Empowerment Academy 257 94 84 10,712 11,132 421
Los Angeles Summit Preparatory Charter 65 97 84 9,682 10,156 474
Los Angeles Synergy Charter Academy 313 94 84 9,934 10,326 392
Los Angeles Synergy Kinetic Academy 477 96 84 9,507 9,949 442
Los Angeles Synergy Quantum Academy 582 97 84 11,164 11,695 530
Los Angeles TEACH Academy of Technologies 272 95 84 9,027 9,421 395
Los Angeles TEACH Tech Charter High 162 94 84 11,106 11,522 416
Los Angeles The Accelerated 762 98 84 9,676 10,199 523
Los Angeles Today's Fresh Start Charter School Inglewood 434 90 85 9,838 10,014 176
Los Angeles Today's Fresh Start-Compton 694 90 89 9,525 9,586 61
Los Angeles University Preparatory Value High 111 91 84 10,980 11,277 297
Los Angeles USC East College Prep 97 93 84 11,679 12,073 394
Los Angeles USC Hybrid High 466 84 84 10,900 10,926 25
Los Angeles Valiente College Preparatory Charter 88 89 84 7,852 7,995 143
Los Angeles Valor Academy High 344 88 84 10,865 11,020 156
Los Angeles Valor Academy Middle 486 89 84 9,346 9,537 191
Los Angeles Vaughn Next Century Learning Center 2831 98 84 10,260 10,808 548
Los Angeles Vista Charter Middle 407 95 84 9,348 9,733 385
Los Angeles Wallis Annenberg High 482 97 84 10,859 11,375 515
Los Angeles Watts Learning Center 392 94 84 9,618 9,968 350
Los Angeles Watts Learning Center Charter Middle 368 97 84 9,410 9,886 476
Los Angeles YPI Valley Public Charter High 64 91 84 11,690 11,990 300
Madera Ezequiel Tafoya Alvarado Academy 471 97 89 10,118 10,390 271
PPIC.ORG Technical Appendices Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula 10
County School Enrollment Share of high-need
students (%) Funding per pupil ($) Difference
School District With cap Without cap
Madera Madera County Independent Academy 384 94 89 10,688 10,883 195
Madera Pioneer Technical Center 160 94 89 10,094 10,269 174
Madera Yosemite-Wawona Elementary Charter 10 63 60 8,913 9,000 87
Mendocino Accelerated Achievement Academy 160 80 77 9,099 9,206 107
Mendocino Eel River Charter 69 96 92 8,467 8,601 135
Mono California Heritage Youthbuild Academy 70 88 74 8,979 9,479 500
Mono Orange County Conservation Corps Charter 124 86 55 7,026 7,965 938
Mono Urban Corps of San Diego County Charter 298 100 63 8,925 10,240 1,315
Monterey Dual Language Academy of the Monterey Peninsula 416 75 71 8,971 9,150 179
Napa Napa Valley Language Academy 698 57 55 8,100 8,189 89
Nevada EPIC de Cesar Chavez 281 96 96 8,714 8,722 8
Nevada Vantage Point Charter 45 59 55 9,726 9,892 166
Orange Edward B. Cole Academy 433 98 95 10,369 10,474 105
Orange Ralph A. Gates Elementary 1039 67 55 8,308 8,756 448
Orange Santiago Middle 1031 63 55 8,083 8,361 278
Plumas Plumas Charter 331 66 55 8,635 9,058 423
Riverside California Military Institute 1041 87 73 9,794 10,348 554
Riverside Gateway College and Career Academy 167 66 66 8,706 8,722 16
Riverside Moreno Valley Community Learning Center 34 92 84 9,450 9,718 268
Riverside Riverside County Education Academy 271 91 84 10,728 11,020 292
Sacramento Aspire Alexander Twilight College Preparatory Academy 429 79 55 8,371 9,222 851
Sacramento Aspire Alexander Twilight Secondary Academy 392 80 55 8,606 9,520 914
Sacramento Aspire Capitol Heights Academy 292 87 72 9,271 9,841 570
Sacramento Bowling Green Elementary 877 85 72 8,816 9,280 463
Sacramento Capitol Collegiate Academy 253 87 72 9,187 9,736 550
Sacramento Community Collaborative Charter 482 90 87 10,592 10,693 101
Sacramento Community Outreach Academy 1520 94 87 9,836 10,080 244
Sacramento Futures High 424 87 87 11,440 11,452 12
Sacramento Gateway International 477 91 55 8,479 9,776 1,297
Sacramento Global Youth Charter 59 65 64 9,728 9,786 59
Sacramento Higher Learning Academy 235 91 87 9,587 9,742 155
Sacramento Highlands Community Charter 518 90 87 8,682 8,782 99
Sacramento New Joseph Bonnheim (NJB) Community Charter 263 94 72 8,969 9,738 769
PPIC.ORG Technical Appendices Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula 11
County School Enrollment Share of high-need
students (%) Funding per pupil ($) Difference
School District With cap Without cap
Sacramento Oak Park Preparatory Academy 124 85 72 8,767 9,215 448
Sacramento Paramount Collegiate Academy 55 65 55 8,182 8,560 378
Sacramento Paseo Grande Charter 7 100 94 41,281 42,229 948
Sacramento Sacramento Charter High 952 73 72 9,975 10,038 63
Sacramento Smythe Academy of Arts and Sciences 1091 92 87 9,653 9,831 178
Sacramento St. HOPE Public School 7 601 83 72 8,589 8,956 368
Sacramento The Language Academy of Sacramento 541 80 72 9,096 9,376 279
Sacramento Yav Pem Suab Academy - Preparing for the Future Charter
423 85 72 9,193 9,676 483
San Benito Hollister Prep 301 81 69 9,111 9,558 447
San Bernardino Alta Vista South Public Charter 473 93 92 12,657 12,665 8
San Bernardino Casa Ramona Academy for Technology, Community, and Education
197 97 92 9,680 9,856 176
San Bernardino Desert Trails Preparatory Academy 524 94 89 9,979 10,169 191
San Bernardino Hardy Brown College Prep 367 94 92 9,752 9,812 59
San Bernardino Independence Charter Academy 88 70 55 10,664 11,346 682
San Bernardino Mirus Secondary 244 78 75 12,733 12,905 172
San Bernardino Pathways to College 329 90 75 9,336 9,876 539
San Bernardino Provisional Accelerated Learning Academy 167 94 92 11,835 11,884 49
San Bernardino Summit Leadership Academy-High Desert 178 76 75 9,754 9,789 35
San Bernardino Taft T. Newman Leadership Academy 108 94 92 9,401 9,463 62
San Diego All Tribes Charter 44 100 82 10,654 11,357 703
San Diego All Tribes Elementary Charter 25 97 82 14,325 15,138 813
San Diego America's Finest Charter 277 96 63 9,815 11,128 1,313
San Diego Arroyo Paseo Charter High 124 90 63 9,237 10,256 1,019
San Diego Beacon Classical Academy National City 180 88 88 9,226 9,252 26
San Diego California Virtual Academy @ San Diego 2533 57 55 8,435 8,496 61
San Diego Charter School of San Diego 2226 74 63 9,973 10,415 441
San Diego Chula Vista Learning Community Charter 1444 76 60 8,914 9,511 597
San Diego City Heights Preparatory Charter 162 100 63 8,680 9,959 1,279
San Diego Darnall Charter 661 93 63 8,794 9,845 1,051
San Diego Diego Hills Charter 1037 84 80 12,580 12,764 184
San Diego Diego Springs Academy 280 93 88 13,720 13,967 248
San Diego Diego Valley Charter 642 86 78 11,987 12,353 367
San Diego e3 Civic High 405 71 63 9,811 10,143 332
PPIC.ORG Technical Appendices Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula 12
County School Enrollment Share of high-need
students (%) Funding per pupil ($) Difference
School District With cap Without cap
San Diego EJE Elementary Academy Charter 524 87 72 9,214 9,778 564
San Diego EJE Middle Academy 182 86 72 8,904 9,400 496
San Diego Empower Charter 108 78 63 8,238 8,735 497
San Diego Epiphany Prep Charter 247 90 63 8,384 9,305 921
San Diego Evangeline Roberts Institute of Learning 185 86 63 8,512 9,303 791
San Diego Feaster (Mae L.) Charter 1223 93 60 8,768 9,976 1,208
San Diego Gompers Preparatory Academy 1192 94 63 9,504 10,675 1,171
San Diego Harriet Tubman Village Charter 401 87 63 8,487 9,320 833
San Diego Health Sciences High 593 76 63 9,586 10,084 498
San Diego Health Sciences Middle 164 68 63 8,031 8,204 173
San Diego High Tech Elementary Chula Vista 400 61 61 8,256 8,260 4
San Diego High Tech Elementary North County 338 57 55 7,957 8,031 74
San Diego Holly Drive Leadership Academy 142 89 63 8,719 9,638 919
San Diego Howard Gardner Community Charter 204 81 60 8,464 9,204 740
San Diego Iftin Charter 426 100 63 8,707 9,981 1,274
San Diego Ingenuity Charter 23 100 63 31,371 35,995 4,624
San Diego Insight @ San Diego 158 57 55 8,950 9,048 97
San Diego Integrity Charter 319 96 88 9,686 10,001 315
San Diego Keiller Leadership Academy 556 89 63 8,579 9,484 905
San Diego King-Chavez Academy of Excellence 329 99 63 8,773 10,022 1,249
San Diego King-Chavez Arts Academy 198 100 63 8,824 10,119 1,295
San Diego King-Chavez Athletics Academy 199 99 63 8,812 10,092 1,281
San Diego King-Chavez Community High 571 90 63 9,787 10,837 1,050
San Diego King-Chavez Preparatory Academy 370 100 63 8,539 9,791 1,252
San Diego King-Chavez Primary Academy 419 100 63 9,105 10,441 1,336
San Diego KIPP Adelante Preparatory Academy 344 98 63 8,494 9,693 1,200
San Diego Leonardo da Vinci Health Sciences Charter 327 67 60 8,280 8,535 254
San Diego MAAC Community Charter 298 94 61 8,654 9,839 1,185
San Diego McGill School of Success 147 96 63 9,077 10,290 1,213
San Diego Mosaica Online Academy of Southern California 29 66 56 7,882 8,241 359
San Diego Mueller Charter (Robert L.) 1297 91 60 8,934 10,079 1,145
San Diego Preuss School UCSD 840 96 63 9,846 11,146 1,300
San Diego San Diego Global Vision Academy 242 72 63 8,530 8,823 293
San Diego San Diego Global Vision Academy Middle 85 75 63 8,305 8,699 395
PPIC.ORG Technical Appendices Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula 13
County School Enrollment Share of high-need
students (%) Funding per pupil ($) Difference
School District With cap Without cap
San Diego SIATech 1122 97 92 10,590 10,778 188
San Diego Stephen W. Hawking Charter 392 79 61 8,751 9,432 680
San Diego
Stephen W. Hawkings II Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Math Charter
340 92 61 8,931 10,100 1,169
San Diego The O'Farrell Charter 1578 82 63 9,062 9,744 682
San Diego Vivian Banks Charter 110 89 55 8,236 9,436 1,200
San Francisco City Arts and Tech High 340 74 67 9,892 10,171 279
San Francisco Edison Charter Academy 693 79 67 8,726 9,153 427
San Francisco KIPP Bayview Academy 288 81 67 8,690 9,184 494
San Francisco KIPP San Francisco Bay Academy 374 81 67 8,457 8,925 468
San Francisco KIPP San Francisco College Preparatory 312 81 67 10,037 10,588 552
San Francisco Leadership High 268 83 67 10,023 10,636 613
San Francisco Life Learning Academy Charter 22 87 67 17,222 18,555 1,333
San Francisco Mission Preparatory 231 90 67 9,206 10,052 846
San Francisco OnePurpose 71 90 67 8,950 9,766 816
San Joaquin Acacia Elementary Charter 421 91 86 9,290 9,431 141
San Joaquin Acacia Middle Charter 127 91 86 9,634 9,794 159
San Joaquin Aspire Rosa Parks Academy 383 93 86 9,840 10,080 240
San Joaquin Delta Bridges Charter 130 89 86 8,720 8,810 90
San Joaquin Dr. Lewis Dolphin Stallworth Sr. Charter 216 100 86 10,095 10,598 503
San Joaquin Humphreys College Academy of Business, Law and Education
375 80 71 10,421 10,793 372
San Joaquin Joe Serna Jr. Charter 331 71 70 8,955 8,989 34
San Joaquin Nightingale Charter 360 89 86 9,614 9,716 102
San Joaquin Pittman Charter 669 91 86 9,467 9,640 173
San Joaquin San Joaquin Building Futures Academy 140 91 86 8,857 8,998 142
San Joaquin TEAM Charter 529 89 86 9,860 9,952 92
San Luis Obispo Grizzly ChalleNGe Charter 240 73 55 9,878 10,654 776
San Mateo Connect Community Charter 239 75 67 8,667 8,925 257
San Mateo KIPP Excelencia Community Preparatory 212 91 78 9,391 9,843 453
San Mateo Rocketship Redwood City 242 91 67 9,242 10,130 889
Santa Barbara Adelante Charter 274 73 55 8,185 8,819 634
Santa Clara ACE Alum Rock 98 98 89 9,052 9,338 286
Santa Clara ACE Charter High 267 99 89 11,087 11,482 394
Santa Clara ACE Empower Academy 351 96 89 9,417 9,656 240
Santa Clara ACE Franklin McKinley 224 99 87 9,296 9,699 403
PPIC.ORG Technical Appendices Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula 14
County School Enrollment Share of high-need
students (%) Funding per pupil ($) Difference
School District With cap Without cap
Santa Clara ACE Inspire Academy 111 92 55 8,078 9,336 1,259
Santa Clara Alpha Cindy Avitia High 147 93 55 9,872 11,461 1,589
Santa Clara Alpha: Blanca Alvarado Middle 439 95 89 9,522 9,743 221
Santa Clara Alpha: Jose Hernandez Middle 328 97 89 9,292 9,577 285
Santa Clara Aptitud Community Academy at Goss 442 97 89 9,878 10,181 303
Santa Clara B. Roberto Cruz Leadership Academy 81 99 85 11,198 11,781 583
Santa Clara Bachrodt Charter Academy 739 72 55 8,361 8,981 619
Santa Clara Blackford Elementary 543 79 73 9,060 9,288 228
Santa Clara Downtown College Preparatory 334 86 55 9,608 10,862 1,254
Santa Clara Downtown College Preparatory Middle 214 89 55 8,123 9,296 1,174
Santa Clara Escuela Popular Accelerated Family Learning 391 97 89 9,962 10,236 274
Santa Clara Escuela Popular/Center for Training and Careers, Family Learning
812 99 89 9,791 10,147 356
Santa Clara Gilroy Prep School (Navigators School) 416 63 59 8,443 8,586 143
Santa Clara Latino College Preparatory Academy 422 96 85 11,134 11,606 472
Santa Clara Leadership Public Schools - San Jose 199 90 89 11,721 11,768 48
Santa Clara Luis Valdez Leadership Academy 193 88 87 11,486 11,539 53
Santa Clara Rocketship Academy Brilliant Minds 584 90 89 9,896 9,924 29
Santa Clara Rocketship Alma Academy 562 93 55 8,608 9,989 1,381
Santa Clara Rocketship Discovery Prep 513 93 55 8,405 9,742 1,336
Santa Clara Rocketship Fuerza Community Prep 589 89 89 9,971 9,976 5
Santa Clara Rocketship Los Suenos Academy 581 93 89 9,914 10,061 147
Santa Clara Rocketship Mateo Sheedy Elementary 623 91 55 8,588 9,885 1,297
Santa Clara Rocketship Mosaic Elementary 604 93 87 9,779 9,994 214
Santa Clara Rocketship Si Se Puede Academy 581 94 89 9,861 10,037 176
Santa Clara Rocketship Spark Academy 613 91 87 9,858 9,984 126
Santa Clara Rosemary Elementary 501 94 73 9,501 10,288 787
Santa Clara San Jose Conservation Corps Charter 288 88 87 8,722 8,753 31
Santa Clara Sherman Oaks Elementary 531 79 73 9,207 9,445 238
Santa Clara Sunrise Middle 148 99 55 8,499 10,048 1,550
Santa Clara Voices College-Bound Language Academy at Morgan Hill
72 89 55 9,462 10,824 1,361
Santa Clara Voices College-Bound Language Academy at Mt. Pleasant
95 88 85 10,086 10,225 140
PPIC.ORG Technical Appendices Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula 15
County School Enrollment Share of high-need
students (%) Funding per pupil ($) Difference
School District With cap Without cap
Santa Cruz Alianza Charter 661 87 79 9,420 9,686 266
Santa Cruz Ceiba College Preparatory Academy 526 84 79 10,058 10,230 172
Santa Cruz Diamond Technology Institute 50 91 79 10,549 11,034 485
Shasta Monarch Learning Center 80 68 62 8,378 8,614 235
Shasta Shasta County Independent Study Charter 118 64 62 8,783 8,873 89
Siskiyou Golden Eagle Charter 389 69 67 9,680 9,765 86
Solano Fairmont Charter Elementary 549 73 55 8,257 8,896 639
Sonoma Abraxis Charter 41 93 55 8,756 10,156 1,399
Sonoma Cali Calmecac Language Academy 1081 58 55 8,136 8,259 122
Sonoma California Virtual Academy @ Sonoma 638 55 55 8,251 8,257 6
Sonoma Kawana Elementary 405 94 93 9,766 9,796 31
Sonoma Kid Street Learning Center Charter 94 89 77 9,133 9,555 422
Sonoma Loma Vista Immersion Academy 258 65 59 8,373 8,582 209
Sonoma Miwok Valley Language Academy Charter 367 78 59 8,487 9,184 697
Sonoma Morrice Schaefer Charter 448 62 55 8,141 8,383 242
Sonoma Northwest Prep Charter 95 59 55 9,260 9,439 180
Sonoma Petaluma Accelerated Charter 48 60 55 7,784 7,972 188
Stanislaus Denair Elementary Charter Academy 494 66 61 8,477 8,664 187
Stanislaus Fusion Charter 115 98 66 10,228 11,547 1,319
Stanislaus Grayson Charter 278 97 74 8,522 9,281 759
Stanislaus Paradise Charter 114 59 58 8,823 8,868 45
Stanislaus Shiloh Charter 116 84 80 8,941 9,098 157
Stanislaus Stanislaus Alternative Charter 380 86 73 13,234 13,956 722
Sutter Yuba City Charter 213 85 70 10,177 10,762 585
Tulare Burton Horizon Academy 79 90 81 9,530 9,839 309
Tulare Charter Alternatives Academy 87 77 67 7,449 7,766 317
Tulare Charter Home School Academy 108 71 67 9,040 9,192 152
Tulare La Sierra High 232 82 67 9,680 10,271 591
Tulare Loma Vista Charter 34 92 90 11,851 11,959 107
Tulare Sierra Vista Charter High 186 85 73 8,901 9,339 438
Tulare Visalia Charter Independent Study 525 74 67 10,595 10,923 327
Yolo Empowering Possibilities International Charter 322 94 69 9,067 9,957 889
SOURCE: California Department of Education. Authors’ calculations.
PPIC.ORG Technical Appendices Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula 16
Appendix B: Regression Methodology for Analysis of Student Outcomes
Having discussed the LCFF provision that restricts the amount of funding that some charter schools receive, we thought it would be useful to examine whether the funding differences that arise from this provision are related to differences in outcomes for high-need students at the charter schools affected by it and those that were not.
The amount that the LCFF generates through the concentration grant is typically determined by the difference in the share of high-need students at a district or charter school and the 55 percent threshold—a district with a 75 percent share of high-need students receives concentration grant funding for 20 percent of its students. However, for charter schools the share of high-need students used to the calculate the concentration grant is capped at lower of the charter school’s share and its local district so if the share of high-need students at a charter school located in the district mentioned above was 85 percent, that school would only receive concentration grant funding for 20 percent of its students rather than the full 30. Altogether, the total funding loss due to this cap is substantial. On average, charter schools affected by the cap receive $450 less in per pupil funding—about 23 percent of the total amount of additional funding for high-need students they get from the supplemental and concentration grants.
In comparing charter schools that were and were not affected by the cap, we look at three different student outcomes: English and math on the Smarter Balanced test, and English Learner progress. All three measures are included in the state’s new accountability system. The outcome for English and math measures the average number scale score points from the state standard for grades 3 through 8. Students in the 11th grade are also tested using the Smarter Balanced tests, but that outcome is used to measure college readiness rather than academic performance. High-need students were, on average, 40 points below the standard in English and 63 points below the standard in math. The measure of English Learner (EL) progress is the share of ELs that advanced to higher levels of English language fluency or were reclassified as fluent in English. Students averaged a progress rate of just under 70 percent.
We first compared student outcomes between capped charter schools and those that were not affected using a simple regression of a dummy variable (capped = 1, non-capped = 0) for the two types of schools on the different outcomes. The results of this regression are similar to a t-test of the difference in the average outcomes for the two kinds of schools. The results of these regression are shown in Table B1 below. We found that there was a significant difference in the average outcomes at capped schools in math and EL progress. High-need students at capped charter schools did 7.8 points better than those at schools that were not capped, but they had an EL progress rate that was 3.6 percentage points lower. On English, the difference in average outcomes for the two kinds of schools was not significantly different.
TABLE B1 Simple regression of capped status on student outcomes shows that capped schools did better on math, worse on EL progress
English Math EL Progress
Cap only -2.3 7.8* -3.5%*
p-value 0.45 0.03 0.00
*statistically significant
SOURCE: California Department of Education. Authors’ calculations.
PPIC.ORG Technical Appendices Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula 17
Focusing solely on whether a charter school is capped or not misses some important differences between the two kinds of schools. One of the most relevant differences is that capped charter schools have, on average, higher shares of high-need students that other charter schools that are above the 55 percent threshold, but are not subject to the cap. As mentioned in the report, the difference is about 18 percentage points—about 89 percent of students at capped charters are high need compared to an average of 71 percent of students at charters that are not affected by the cap. Given that the share of high-need students at a school is strongly related to student outcomes—a 10 percent difference in high-need share corresponds to a 13 point difference in English scores, for example—this difference in the demographics at capped and non-capped charter schools is significant.
We control for the share of high-need students at in a similar regression to the one used in Table B1, again using a dummy variable for a charter schools capped status, but this time adding in the school share of high-need students as a second variable. We are not particularly interested in the value of the coefficient, we only want to hold it constant as we again look at the relationship between the cap and student outcomes. The results from this second set of regressions are shown in Table B2 below. We found that the regression coefficient was not statistically significant for English again, but it was for math and for EL progress (at the 10% level). For both measures, controlling for the share of high-need students, improved the outcomes for capped charter schools relative to non-capped charters. Capped charters did even better on math, with the gap rising to 9.9 points. On EL progress, capped charters still did worse, but the gap shrank to 2.9 percentage points below.
TABLE B2 Controlling for the size of the gap, results at capped charter schools improve relative to non-capped charters
English Math English Learner Progress
Cap, controlling for school high-need share 0.8 9.9* -2.7%*
p-value 0.83 0.03 0.10
*statistically significant
SOURCE: California Department of Education. Authors’ calculations.
Further expanding on our analysis, we wanted to look not only at the cap alone, but also whether the student outcomes were related to the size of the gap between a capped charter school’s share of high-need students and the share at their local district. As explored in the report, the amount of funding lost to the cap can range from almost nothing, all the way up to over $1,200 per pupil for the most severely capped charter schools.
In order to assess the whether the student outcomes varied with the size of the gap between the school and the district, we ran a third set of regressions. We did not use the capped status dummy variable this time because our focus was only on capped schools. Instead we looked at the difference between the school’s share of high-need students and the district’s, regressing the difference between the two—as a single variable—on the various student outcomes. The results below in Figure B1 show that the relationship between outcomes and an increasing gap between school and district was not statistically significant.
PPIC.ORG Technical Appendices Charter Schools and California’s Local Control Funding Formula 18
FIGURE B1 There was no statistically significant difference in outcomes for capped charter schools with much larger shares of high-need students
SOURCE: California Department of Education. Authors’ calculations.
NOTE: Results show the effect of a 10 percentage point increase in the difference in the school share of high-need students and the district’s. The regression coefficients were not significant for any of the measures.
As a robustness check, we considered whether charter schools were directly funded by the state, or indirectly funded, with money first flowing to the school district, and then to the charter. Most charter schools are directly funded and about one in four charter schools is locally funded. Directly funded charter schools are relatively independent compared to locally funded charter schools so we suspected that the effect of the cap on the concentration grant may be more pronounced since these schools would have less latitude to work with their district to mitigate the effects of the lost funding. We ran the same series of regressions detailed above among directly funded charter schools only and found that while the results were largely the same in terms of the significance of coefficients, their magnitudes were larger. The regression results are shown in Table B4 below. We concluded that the cap is associated with largely similar outcomes whether charters are directly or indirectly funded.
TABLE B4 Regression results for directly funded charter schools
English Math EL Progress
Cap only 1.2 13.4* -4.3*
p-value 0.73 0.00 0.01
Cap, controlling for school high-need share 6.4 16.3* -2.9
p-value 0.16 0.00 0.16
Size of the cap (per 10 percentage point increase in difference between school and district share of high-need students) -0.2 -0.7 -0.6
p-value 0.92 0.80 0.52
* statistically significant
SOURCE: California Department of Education. Authors’ calculations.
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