Chapter 7 Slideshow 1

7/31/2019 Chapter 7 Slideshow 1

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Chapter 7 - The Ways in which ICT

is used IGCSE ICT Option 3


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ICT in Everyday life

This chapter looks at how ICT is used in

everyday life and discusses the many

advantages and drawbacks

of

using a computer system to replace or

enhance applications that were previously

manual or paper based.


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Most people use ICT in some ways to

communicate with other people.

This could be personal or for businesscommunication


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Interactive Communication

Applications Organizations and Individuals use these to

communicate.

How does IAK use ICT to communicate withyou?

Blogs,

WIKI's Social Networking Web Sites


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Different ways of communicating

information Multimedia Presentations

Printing flyers and posters

Using a website

Music productions

Cartoon animations (using Flash on a PC for

example)


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Your job! A round robin Activity

In a group 5 minutes to think of the

advantages and disadvantages of your

nominated method of presenting information.

Make a list.

Nominate a speaker to tell the rest of the class

what you came up with. The job of the listener is to listen and write

down what is said......unless of course if you

disagree! Then you politely say so.


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Homework:

Find one example of a job that has completely changed because of

the introduction of ICT. You must use 4 words. Enhanced,

replaced, manually and paper based!

Create a new page on your WIKI, called, 'Homework'. You willadd your answer to your WIKI.

State the job

Describe briefly how the job has changed

Example, a bank clerk used to keep paper based records. He used

to do these records manually. Now s/he keeps these records on

a computer system which can be seen in any branch all over the

country. The paper based side of the job has almost vanished

completely.


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L2 Chapter 7 How ICT is used in

all sorts of common jobs ICT is now used in allsorts of common jobs

Surveys used to collect information from lots of different people.

Traditionally there were done by pen and paper.

Now the survey can be completed online and submitted to the

organizer electronically.

The surveys are written or designed by computer

Or, completed by hand and read by an OMR device.

Can you think of the ICT used in a tuck shop?


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Batch Processing, Online Processing

& Real Time Processing

Data can be processed by a computer in different ways.

Batch ProcessingOnline Processing

Real Time Processing


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Batch Processing

Used when a job needs doing in one go.

All relevant data is processed together in one batch.

Once started, no human intervention is needed.

Ideal for

Marking multiple choice papers

Applying the same changes to hundreds of photos Producing attendance statistics recorded on OMR forms


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Online Processing

With online processing, the system is automatically updated

when a transaction or change is made.

This means that the system is always up to date.

Airlines are a perfect example of this. When a seat is booked,

the number of seats reduces by one.

Ideal for Airlines

Holiday companies

Banking transactions


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Real time processing

Here, it is essential that you have up to the second informationand no delays.

The system responds immediately without any delay.

Sensors are used to collect the data and the processor sends

signals to actuators which will turn the devices on or off.

This is ideal for

Flood warning systems Autopilots for aircrafts

Traffic lights control


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Online booking system

All online booking systems use online Processing, this means

that the user is entering their details, the seats are saved for them.

If the customer does not want to go ahead with the transaction,

then the seats are released to another buyer.

Things are immediately updated. This prevents double booking.

Online booking system can be used for

cinema tickets, theatre seats,

flights, train tickets


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Your job

3 minutes to think of the advantages and disadvantages of online

booking system. Work in pairs.


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Homework: Find one example of a job that has completely

changed because of the introduction of ICT. Youmust use 4 words. Enhanced, replaced, manually

and paper based!

Create a new page on your WIKI, called, 'Homework'.

You will add your answer to your WIKI.

State the job






completely.


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ICT in Ordinary Jobs / Processes


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Write these down


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Homework: Find one example of a job that has completely

changed because of the introduction of ICT. Youmust use 4 words. Enhanced, replaced, manually

and paper based!

Create a new page on your WIKI, called, 'Homework'.

You will add your answer to your WIKI.

State the job






completely.


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L3 Recap Questions


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Recap questions Name 3 types of Processing

What is an online booking system?

State 3 examples of an online booking system.

Draw a flow diagram with arrows to show all the steps

of an Online Booking System.

State 2 advantages and two disadvantages of an OBS.

A website is being created that enables customers to

place orders for groceries online and have them

delivered.

Give the name of the type of processing

Why is this type of processing appropriate?


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Measurement Applications Computers are used in conjunction with sensors to measure physical

quantities such as temperature, light, pressure and infra red radiation.Because most of these quantities are analogue, you must have an

analogue to digital convertor to change the data into digital data than

can be processed and stored by a computer.

Monitoring

Monitoring involves taking readings, measurements regularly or

continuously over a period of time using sensors. 3 things can happen

1.) Readings can be stored for later and output in some way,

maybe graphically. 2.) Set off alerts raising an alarm if a patients HR raises above

a set level.

3.) Auto control readings are used to control a device in some

way. For example, a heating system for air conditioning.


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Main features of monitoring (top of 69) Readings are taken

You can

You can set how often.

Sensors can be put in remote.

The sent data can be..

The data can be

Describe what sensor you would have for measuring waves off

Hawaii. How would having a sensor be a benefit?

If we didnt have sensors at traffic lights, describe an alternative.

A


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AnswersDescribe what sensor you would have for measuring waves

off Hawaii. How would having a sensor be a benefit?

You could use a pressure sensor for measuring the force

of the waves pressing on them. Whilst expensive to install,

you would not have to be present at the location. This means

you could monitor for weeks on end and have the data sent

wirelessly for analysis with computer software.

If we didnt have sensors at traffic lights, describe an

alternative.

Without sensors detecting movement and pressure, we wouldhave to rely on a person to direct the traffic. This would be

expensive, boring and potentially dangerous. The sensor is

automated, the settings can be changed to suit the traffic.

Again, data can be analysed from the sensor.


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An example of each type of sensor

Can you think of an example of how each

sensor could be used?

Temperature / heat Light

Sound

Pressure Humidity

Passive infra red

Advantages and Disadvantages of


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Advantages and Disadvantages of

Monitoring using ICT


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Homework for today Anyway, Page 73, Green Box, Questions 1,2,3

& 4.

Si l C t l A li ti


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Simple Control Applications Burglar Alarms work in a similar way to a

security light, using passive infra red (PIR).

Here the output device is an alarm.

Automatic cookers temperature sensors relay

information to the microprocessor to control

the heater and make the temperature correct.

NEW BIG TITLE BELOW

Computer Controlled Greenhouses

In order to grow plants, successfully, you need

optimal conditions. You can use sensors and

computers to monitor the conditions and keep the

conditions constant.


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The out put devices that help to control the

greenhouse are Lamps (artificial light)

Heater (You dont need this in Kuwait)

Motor (to turn off and on the water)

Sensors used

Light Temperature

Moisture

Yalla Shabab draw dia ram at bottom of 71!


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In practice, this is what happens Microprocessor compares the sensor reading to

the present value. The microprocessor sends a signal to the

actuator

If temperature is bigger than the present value,the microprocessor switches on the heater

and opens the window!

If the humidity reading is less than the presentvalue, the microprocessor switches on the

sprinkler.


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Documents

Chapter 7 Slideshow 1