CHAPTER 7 Crisis and Absolutism in Europe

Chapter 7 Section 1

Europe in Crisis The Wars of

Religion

French Wars of Religion

bullCalvinists vs Christians

bullWhat were they doing Aggressively trying to win converts and eliminate each others authority

bullTwo Groups Huguenots

Who are they French Protestants influenced by John CalvinUsually nobles ndash higher classPowerful threat to the crown

WhyMade up of the powerful and rich who have a huge influence

Problem for the Huguenots Catholics still outnumbered them

Chapter 7 Section 1

Europe in Crisis The Wars of

Religion

French Wars of Religion

bullCalvinists vs Christians

bullWhat were they doing Aggressively trying to win converts and eliminate each others authority

bullTwo Groups Huguenots

Who are they French Protestants influenced by John CalvinUsually nobles ndash higher classPowerful threat to the crown

WhyMade up of the powerful and rich who have a huge influence

Problem for the Huguenots Catholics still outnumbered them

French Wars of Religion

bullCalvinists vs Christians

bullWhat were they doing Aggressively trying to win converts and eliminate each others authority

bullTwo Groups Huguenots

Who are they French Protestants influenced by John CalvinUsually nobles ndash higher classPowerful threat to the crown

WhyMade up of the powerful and rich who have a huge influence

Problem for the Huguenots Catholics still outnumbered them

bullTwo Groups Huguenots

Who are they French Protestants influenced by John CalvinUsually nobles ndash higher classPowerful threat to the crown

WhyMade up of the powerful and rich who have a huge influence

Problem for the Huguenots Catholics still outnumbered them

Ultra-CatholicsWho are they

Catholic extreme group

Strongly disliked the Huguenots

Absolute Monarch 1 ndash Henry IV aka Henry of Navarre

Reigned from 1594-1610

Absolute Monarch 1 ndash Henry IV aka Henry of Navarre

Reigned from 1594-1610

bullHuguenots and Catholics were at warHenry IV becomes King and gives up

Protestantism for Catholicism

He declares that Huguenots can live in Paris peacefully and have their own houses of worship This is known as the Edict of Nantes signed in 1598

Catholicism was seen as the French religion and Huguenots still had the right to worship and enjoy all political privileges

Many loved the idea of peace but some hated Henry for his compromises of religion

He was assassinated in 1610

Spain Phillip II and Militant Catholicism

bullCharles V was Holy Roman Emperor inherited Spain Spainrsquos American colonies parts of Italy and lands in Austria and the Netherlands

Charles V divided his empire in 1556 and gave his son Philip II Spain the Spanish Netherlands and the American Colonies

Philip II would go on to be the most powerful ruler in Europe

Charles V

Absolute Monarch 2 ndash King Philip II

King from 1556 ndash 1598

bullUshered in an age of Spanish greatness both politically and culturally

In 1580 Philip seized the Portuguese kingdom which had strong holds in Africa India and East Indies

Who and how did he unite everyone politically and culturallyWhoSpainNetherlandsAmericasPossessions in Italy

HowHad to be Catholic Had to follow the monarchy

bullProblem in the Netherlands

Spain = Catholic Dutch = Calvinists

Philip raised taxes in Spanish Netherlands and tried to destroy the Protestants by taking away their privileges

Problem in 1566Calvinists destroy Catholic statues in churches

What social class did this Nobles

What did Philip do Sent thousands of troops over to crush the rebellion

bullThe Dutch fought back declared their independence from Spain

bullWhen King Philip ended his reign in 1598 Spain had the largest population in the worldSeen as the greatest power of the age

Was this really the case Was Spain the greatest and the most prosperous NO

Treasury was emptyPhilip spent too much money on the wars = bankrupt

Armed forces were out of dateInefficient government

Who was really the most powerful

ENGLAND

FRANCE

Absolute Monarch 3 ndash Queen Elizabeth I

Reigned 1558 -1603

2 Goals of ElizabethRELIGION

PROTECTION

ReligionbullDuring her reign England became the

leader of the Protestant nations of Europe and laid the foundation for a world empire

bullShe got rid of many of the laws that favored Catholicism set by her half-sister Mary

bullElizabeth created an Act of Supremacy and named herself the ldquoonly supreme governorrdquo of both the church and state

The Church of England under her remained mostly Protestant

Protectionbull Felt that war would be disastrous

for England

bull She wanted to keep Spain and France from being too powerful How did she do this

She would support the weaker of the 2 countries Ex If Spain was becoming

too powerful she would support France and vice versa

bull Plunder Spanish ships Sir Francis Drake would plunder

Spanish ships sailing the Caribbean

bullProblems with SpainPhilip II always wanted to take over

England 2 reasons

Power and influence Restate Catholicism as the religion over Protestantism

ReligionbullDuring her reign England became the

leader of the Protestant nations of Europe and laid the foundation for a world empire

bullShe got rid of many of the laws that favored Catholicism set by her half-sister Mary

bullElizabeth created an Act of Supremacy and named herself the ldquoonly supreme governorrdquo of both the church and state

The Church of England under her remained mostly Protestant

Protectionbull Felt that war would be disastrous

for England

bull She wanted to keep Spain and France from being too powerful How did she do this

She would support the weaker of the 2 countries Ex If Spain was becoming

too powerful she would support France and vice versa

bull Plunder Spanish ships Sir Francis Drake would plunder

Spanish ships sailing the Caribbean

bullProblems with SpainPhilip II always wanted to take over

England 2 reasons

Power and influence Restate Catholicism as the religion over Protestantism

Protectionbull Felt that war would be disastrous

for England

bull She wanted to keep Spain and France from being too powerful How did she do this

She would support the weaker of the 2 countries Ex If Spain was becoming

too powerful she would support France and vice versa

bull Plunder Spanish ships Sir Francis Drake would plunder

Spanish ships sailing the Caribbean

bullProblems with SpainPhilip II always wanted to take over

England 2 reasons

Power and influence Restate Catholicism as the religion over Protestantism

bullProblems with SpainPhilip II always wanted to take over

England 2 reasons

Power and influence Restate Catholicism as the religion over Protestantism

Problems with Spain

bullPhilip II always wanted to take over England 2 reasons Power and influence

Restate Catholicism as the religion over Protestantism

bullWhat did he do1588 - Created an armadaWhat is an armada Fleet of warships

Problems with Philiprsquos PlanDidnrsquot have the manpowerDidnrsquot have the ships that would compare to England

bullWho wonThe English

It was a very unsuccessful attack for the Spanish

Very successful for Elizabeth ndash raising her approval prestige and power- and humiliating Philip II

ElizabethrsquosSecond Great Seal

bullWhat did he do1588 - Created an armadaWhat is an armada Fleet of warships

Problems with Philiprsquos PlanDidnrsquot have the manpowerDidnrsquot have the ships that would compare to England

bullWho wonThe English

It was a very unsuccessful attack for the Spanish

Very successful for Elizabeth ndash raising her approval prestige and power- and humiliating Philip II

ElizabethrsquosSecond Great Seal

bullWho wonThe English

It was a very unsuccessful attack for the Spanish

Very successful for Elizabeth ndash raising her approval prestige and power- and humiliating Philip II

ElizabethrsquosSecond Great Seal

Historical TWEETS

bullYou will create a total of TWO historical tweets about TWO of the following absolute rulersbull Henry IV (aka Henry of Navarre)bull Charles Vbull King Phillip II bull Queen Elizabeth I

bullYour tweets must be about a significant event in the rulerrsquos reign bullRemember that a tweet is short and to the point

An example would be

See KingPhillipII girls really can rule land AND sea

Ch 7-Sect 2Social Crises War

and Revolution

Is There Honor In The Honor CodebullOn your half sheet please answer the Pre-Reading Question

bullAs I am reading the situation please answer the Reflection On Reading section questions

bullWe will discuss this as a classRemember to hand in your reading

Back to Notes

bullFrom 1560 to 1650 Europe witnessed severe economic and social crisis

bullOne major problem they faced was inflationWhat is it Rising prices

bullWhat caused this The great influx of gold and silver from the

Americas was one factor

Growing population in the 16th century increased the demand of land and food and drove up prices for both

Mines were producing less silver

Fleets were being pirated

Trade was declining as well

bullPopulations were increasing at 1600s ndash then began to falter in the 1650s Why

Warfare Plague Famine

Problem Caused more social tensions between the people

Loss of population led to a loss of specialized goods and crafts which led to the falling of the economy

The Witchcraft Trials

>

bullWhat is witchcraftThe practice of magic by people supposedly in league with the devil

bullWhere did it take placeVillages in Europe

bullWhat was the problemDuring the Inquisition they hunted for heretics now added witchcraft because it was seen as a devil religion

The Process of the Inquisition ActivitybullGet into groups of 4 (no groups over 4

members)Take your half sheet with you

bullComplete the half sheet using the information on the cards in your group

bullYou will have less than 10 min to complete this activity

Back to Notes

bullWho were the victimsCommon people Poor No propertyWomen SingleWidowedOver the age of 50

Return to ldquoThe Honor Coderdquo

bullI need 3 hard workers

bullAs I give you your task sheets be conscious of what I am asking you to do (READ carefully)

bullYou will only have 5 min to prepare your first task

The InvestigationbullThe Administration will question each accused

student The interview will last 2 minStudents- You do not have much time to make

your caseAmin- You do not have much time to question

your suspect

bullThe students will have a few seconds at the end of the round of questioning to make any final statementsAdmin amp Students- You should take notes during

the trial so you can prepare a closing statement

Activity Breakdown DiscussionbullWhat was your overall experience with the

investigation Positive Negative

bullWas justice done in any of the cases

bull Did the accused students provided decent defenses for themselves

bull Do you think the Administration had preconceived notions about the students before going into the investigationDo you think these influenced the trial

Back to Notes

bullWhat did they confess to doingSworn allegiance to the devil

Attended nightly ceremonies

Used evil spells

Putting spells on their neighbors

Why did they confessThey were being tortured

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

Ch 7-Sect 2Social Crises War

and Revolution

Is There Honor In The Honor CodebullOn your half sheet please answer the Pre-Reading Question

bullAs I am reading the situation please answer the Reflection On Reading section questions

bullWe will discuss this as a classRemember to hand in your reading

Back to Notes

bullFrom 1560 to 1650 Europe witnessed severe economic and social crisis

bullOne major problem they faced was inflationWhat is it Rising prices

bullWhat caused this The great influx of gold and silver from the

Americas was one factor

Growing population in the 16th century increased the demand of land and food and drove up prices for both

Mines were producing less silver

Fleets were being pirated

Trade was declining as well

bullPopulations were increasing at 1600s ndash then began to falter in the 1650s Why

Warfare Plague Famine

Problem Caused more social tensions between the people

Loss of population led to a loss of specialized goods and crafts which led to the falling of the economy

The Witchcraft Trials

>

bullWhat is witchcraftThe practice of magic by people supposedly in league with the devil

bullWhere did it take placeVillages in Europe

bullWhat was the problemDuring the Inquisition they hunted for heretics now added witchcraft because it was seen as a devil religion

The Process of the Inquisition ActivitybullGet into groups of 4 (no groups over 4

members)Take your half sheet with you

bullComplete the half sheet using the information on the cards in your group

bullYou will have less than 10 min to complete this activity

Back to Notes

bullWho were the victimsCommon people Poor No propertyWomen SingleWidowedOver the age of 50

Return to ldquoThe Honor Coderdquo

bullI need 3 hard workers

bullAs I give you your task sheets be conscious of what I am asking you to do (READ carefully)

bullYou will only have 5 min to prepare your first task

The InvestigationbullThe Administration will question each accused

student The interview will last 2 minStudents- You do not have much time to make

your caseAmin- You do not have much time to question

your suspect

bullThe students will have a few seconds at the end of the round of questioning to make any final statementsAdmin amp Students- You should take notes during

the trial so you can prepare a closing statement

Activity Breakdown DiscussionbullWhat was your overall experience with the

investigation Positive Negative

bullWas justice done in any of the cases

bull Did the accused students provided decent defenses for themselves

bull Do you think the Administration had preconceived notions about the students before going into the investigationDo you think these influenced the trial

Back to Notes

bullWhat did they confess to doingSworn allegiance to the devil

Attended nightly ceremonies

Used evil spells

Putting spells on their neighbors

Why did they confessThey were being tortured

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

Is There Honor In The Honor CodebullOn your half sheet please answer the Pre-Reading Question

bullAs I am reading the situation please answer the Reflection On Reading section questions

bullWe will discuss this as a classRemember to hand in your reading

Back to Notes

bullFrom 1560 to 1650 Europe witnessed severe economic and social crisis

bullOne major problem they faced was inflationWhat is it Rising prices

bullWhat caused this The great influx of gold and silver from the

Americas was one factor

Growing population in the 16th century increased the demand of land and food and drove up prices for both

Mines were producing less silver

Fleets were being pirated

Trade was declining as well

bullPopulations were increasing at 1600s ndash then began to falter in the 1650s Why

Warfare Plague Famine

Problem Caused more social tensions between the people

Loss of population led to a loss of specialized goods and crafts which led to the falling of the economy

The Witchcraft Trials

>

bullWhat is witchcraftThe practice of magic by people supposedly in league with the devil

bullWhere did it take placeVillages in Europe

bullWhat was the problemDuring the Inquisition they hunted for heretics now added witchcraft because it was seen as a devil religion

The Process of the Inquisition ActivitybullGet into groups of 4 (no groups over 4

members)Take your half sheet with you

bullComplete the half sheet using the information on the cards in your group

bullYou will have less than 10 min to complete this activity

Back to Notes

bullWho were the victimsCommon people Poor No propertyWomen SingleWidowedOver the age of 50

Return to ldquoThe Honor Coderdquo

bullI need 3 hard workers

bullAs I give you your task sheets be conscious of what I am asking you to do (READ carefully)

bullYou will only have 5 min to prepare your first task

The InvestigationbullThe Administration will question each accused

student The interview will last 2 minStudents- You do not have much time to make

your caseAmin- You do not have much time to question

your suspect

bullThe students will have a few seconds at the end of the round of questioning to make any final statementsAdmin amp Students- You should take notes during

the trial so you can prepare a closing statement

Activity Breakdown DiscussionbullWhat was your overall experience with the

investigation Positive Negative

bullWas justice done in any of the cases

bull Did the accused students provided decent defenses for themselves

bull Do you think the Administration had preconceived notions about the students before going into the investigationDo you think these influenced the trial

Back to Notes

bullWhat did they confess to doingSworn allegiance to the devil

Attended nightly ceremonies

Used evil spells

Putting spells on their neighbors

Why did they confessThey were being tortured

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

Back to Notes

bullFrom 1560 to 1650 Europe witnessed severe economic and social crisis

bullOne major problem they faced was inflationWhat is it Rising prices

bullWhat caused this The great influx of gold and silver from the

Americas was one factor

Growing population in the 16th century increased the demand of land and food and drove up prices for both

Mines were producing less silver

Fleets were being pirated

Trade was declining as well

bullPopulations were increasing at 1600s ndash then began to falter in the 1650s Why

Warfare Plague Famine

Problem Caused more social tensions between the people

Loss of population led to a loss of specialized goods and crafts which led to the falling of the economy

The Witchcraft Trials

>

bullWhat is witchcraftThe practice of magic by people supposedly in league with the devil

bullWhere did it take placeVillages in Europe

bullWhat was the problemDuring the Inquisition they hunted for heretics now added witchcraft because it was seen as a devil religion

The Process of the Inquisition ActivitybullGet into groups of 4 (no groups over 4

members)Take your half sheet with you

bullComplete the half sheet using the information on the cards in your group

bullYou will have less than 10 min to complete this activity

Back to Notes

bullWho were the victimsCommon people Poor No propertyWomen SingleWidowedOver the age of 50

Return to ldquoThe Honor Coderdquo

bullI need 3 hard workers

bullAs I give you your task sheets be conscious of what I am asking you to do (READ carefully)

bullYou will only have 5 min to prepare your first task

The InvestigationbullThe Administration will question each accused

student The interview will last 2 minStudents- You do not have much time to make

your caseAmin- You do not have much time to question

your suspect

bullThe students will have a few seconds at the end of the round of questioning to make any final statementsAdmin amp Students- You should take notes during

the trial so you can prepare a closing statement

Activity Breakdown DiscussionbullWhat was your overall experience with the

investigation Positive Negative

bullWas justice done in any of the cases

bull Did the accused students provided decent defenses for themselves

bull Do you think the Administration had preconceived notions about the students before going into the investigationDo you think these influenced the trial

Back to Notes

bullWhat did they confess to doingSworn allegiance to the devil

Attended nightly ceremonies

Used evil spells

Putting spells on their neighbors

Why did they confessThey were being tortured

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

bullFrom 1560 to 1650 Europe witnessed severe economic and social crisis

bullOne major problem they faced was inflationWhat is it Rising prices

bullWhat caused this The great influx of gold and silver from the

Americas was one factor

Growing population in the 16th century increased the demand of land and food and drove up prices for both

Mines were producing less silver

Fleets were being pirated

Trade was declining as well

bullPopulations were increasing at 1600s ndash then began to falter in the 1650s Why

Warfare Plague Famine

Problem Caused more social tensions between the people

Loss of population led to a loss of specialized goods and crafts which led to the falling of the economy

The Witchcraft Trials

>

bullWhat is witchcraftThe practice of magic by people supposedly in league with the devil

bullWhere did it take placeVillages in Europe

bullWhat was the problemDuring the Inquisition they hunted for heretics now added witchcraft because it was seen as a devil religion

The Process of the Inquisition ActivitybullGet into groups of 4 (no groups over 4

members)Take your half sheet with you

bullComplete the half sheet using the information on the cards in your group

bullYou will have less than 10 min to complete this activity

Back to Notes

bullWho were the victimsCommon people Poor No propertyWomen SingleWidowedOver the age of 50

Return to ldquoThe Honor Coderdquo

bullI need 3 hard workers

bullAs I give you your task sheets be conscious of what I am asking you to do (READ carefully)

bullYou will only have 5 min to prepare your first task

The InvestigationbullThe Administration will question each accused

student The interview will last 2 minStudents- You do not have much time to make

your caseAmin- You do not have much time to question

your suspect

bullThe students will have a few seconds at the end of the round of questioning to make any final statementsAdmin amp Students- You should take notes during

the trial so you can prepare a closing statement

Activity Breakdown DiscussionbullWhat was your overall experience with the

investigation Positive Negative

bullWas justice done in any of the cases

bull Did the accused students provided decent defenses for themselves

bull Do you think the Administration had preconceived notions about the students before going into the investigationDo you think these influenced the trial

Back to Notes

bullWhat did they confess to doingSworn allegiance to the devil

Attended nightly ceremonies

Used evil spells

Putting spells on their neighbors

Why did they confessThey were being tortured

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

bullWhat caused this The great influx of gold and silver from the

Americas was one factor

Growing population in the 16th century increased the demand of land and food and drove up prices for both

Mines were producing less silver

Fleets were being pirated

Trade was declining as well

bullPopulations were increasing at 1600s ndash then began to falter in the 1650s Why

Warfare Plague Famine

Problem Caused more social tensions between the people

Loss of population led to a loss of specialized goods and crafts which led to the falling of the economy

The Witchcraft Trials

>

bullWhat is witchcraftThe practice of magic by people supposedly in league with the devil

bullWhere did it take placeVillages in Europe

bullWhat was the problemDuring the Inquisition they hunted for heretics now added witchcraft because it was seen as a devil religion

The Process of the Inquisition ActivitybullGet into groups of 4 (no groups over 4

members)Take your half sheet with you

bullComplete the half sheet using the information on the cards in your group

bullYou will have less than 10 min to complete this activity

Back to Notes

bullWho were the victimsCommon people Poor No propertyWomen SingleWidowedOver the age of 50

Return to ldquoThe Honor Coderdquo

bullI need 3 hard workers

bullAs I give you your task sheets be conscious of what I am asking you to do (READ carefully)

bullYou will only have 5 min to prepare your first task

The InvestigationbullThe Administration will question each accused

student The interview will last 2 minStudents- You do not have much time to make

your caseAmin- You do not have much time to question

your suspect

bullThe students will have a few seconds at the end of the round of questioning to make any final statementsAdmin amp Students- You should take notes during

the trial so you can prepare a closing statement

Activity Breakdown DiscussionbullWhat was your overall experience with the

investigation Positive Negative

bullWas justice done in any of the cases

bull Did the accused students provided decent defenses for themselves

bull Do you think the Administration had preconceived notions about the students before going into the investigationDo you think these influenced the trial

Back to Notes

bullWhat did they confess to doingSworn allegiance to the devil

Attended nightly ceremonies

Used evil spells

Putting spells on their neighbors

Why did they confessThey were being tortured

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

bullPopulations were increasing at 1600s ndash then began to falter in the 1650s Why

Warfare Plague Famine

Problem Caused more social tensions between the people

Loss of population led to a loss of specialized goods and crafts which led to the falling of the economy

The Witchcraft Trials

>

bullWhat is witchcraftThe practice of magic by people supposedly in league with the devil

bullWhere did it take placeVillages in Europe

bullWhat was the problemDuring the Inquisition they hunted for heretics now added witchcraft because it was seen as a devil religion

The Process of the Inquisition ActivitybullGet into groups of 4 (no groups over 4

members)Take your half sheet with you

bullComplete the half sheet using the information on the cards in your group

bullYou will have less than 10 min to complete this activity

Back to Notes

bullWho were the victimsCommon people Poor No propertyWomen SingleWidowedOver the age of 50

Return to ldquoThe Honor Coderdquo

bullI need 3 hard workers

bullAs I give you your task sheets be conscious of what I am asking you to do (READ carefully)

bullYou will only have 5 min to prepare your first task

The InvestigationbullThe Administration will question each accused

student The interview will last 2 minStudents- You do not have much time to make

your caseAmin- You do not have much time to question

your suspect

bullThe students will have a few seconds at the end of the round of questioning to make any final statementsAdmin amp Students- You should take notes during

the trial so you can prepare a closing statement

Activity Breakdown DiscussionbullWhat was your overall experience with the

investigation Positive Negative

bullWas justice done in any of the cases

bull Did the accused students provided decent defenses for themselves

bull Do you think the Administration had preconceived notions about the students before going into the investigationDo you think these influenced the trial

Back to Notes

bullWhat did they confess to doingSworn allegiance to the devil

Attended nightly ceremonies

Used evil spells

Putting spells on their neighbors

Why did they confessThey were being tortured

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

The Witchcraft Trials

>

bullWhat is witchcraftThe practice of magic by people supposedly in league with the devil

bullWhere did it take placeVillages in Europe

bullWhat was the problemDuring the Inquisition they hunted for heretics now added witchcraft because it was seen as a devil religion

The Process of the Inquisition ActivitybullGet into groups of 4 (no groups over 4

members)Take your half sheet with you

bullComplete the half sheet using the information on the cards in your group

bullYou will have less than 10 min to complete this activity

Back to Notes

bullWho were the victimsCommon people Poor No propertyWomen SingleWidowedOver the age of 50

Return to ldquoThe Honor Coderdquo

bullI need 3 hard workers

bullAs I give you your task sheets be conscious of what I am asking you to do (READ carefully)

bullYou will only have 5 min to prepare your first task

The InvestigationbullThe Administration will question each accused

student The interview will last 2 minStudents- You do not have much time to make

your caseAmin- You do not have much time to question

your suspect

bullThe students will have a few seconds at the end of the round of questioning to make any final statementsAdmin amp Students- You should take notes during

the trial so you can prepare a closing statement

Activity Breakdown DiscussionbullWhat was your overall experience with the

investigation Positive Negative

bullWas justice done in any of the cases

bull Did the accused students provided decent defenses for themselves

bull Do you think the Administration had preconceived notions about the students before going into the investigationDo you think these influenced the trial

Back to Notes

bullWhat did they confess to doingSworn allegiance to the devil

Attended nightly ceremonies

Used evil spells

Putting spells on their neighbors

Why did they confessThey were being tortured

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

bullWhat is witchcraftThe practice of magic by people supposedly in league with the devil

bullWhere did it take placeVillages in Europe

bullWhat was the problemDuring the Inquisition they hunted for heretics now added witchcraft because it was seen as a devil religion

The Process of the Inquisition ActivitybullGet into groups of 4 (no groups over 4

members)Take your half sheet with you

bullComplete the half sheet using the information on the cards in your group

bullYou will have less than 10 min to complete this activity

Back to Notes

bullWho were the victimsCommon people Poor No propertyWomen SingleWidowedOver the age of 50

Return to ldquoThe Honor Coderdquo

bullI need 3 hard workers

bullAs I give you your task sheets be conscious of what I am asking you to do (READ carefully)

bullYou will only have 5 min to prepare your first task

The InvestigationbullThe Administration will question each accused

student The interview will last 2 minStudents- You do not have much time to make

your caseAmin- You do not have much time to question

your suspect

bullThe students will have a few seconds at the end of the round of questioning to make any final statementsAdmin amp Students- You should take notes during

the trial so you can prepare a closing statement

Activity Breakdown DiscussionbullWhat was your overall experience with the

investigation Positive Negative

bullWas justice done in any of the cases

bull Did the accused students provided decent defenses for themselves

bull Do you think the Administration had preconceived notions about the students before going into the investigationDo you think these influenced the trial

Back to Notes

bullWhat did they confess to doingSworn allegiance to the devil

Attended nightly ceremonies

Used evil spells

Putting spells on their neighbors

Why did they confessThey were being tortured

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

The Process of the Inquisition ActivitybullGet into groups of 4 (no groups over 4

members)Take your half sheet with you

bullComplete the half sheet using the information on the cards in your group

bullYou will have less than 10 min to complete this activity

Back to Notes

bullWho were the victimsCommon people Poor No propertyWomen SingleWidowedOver the age of 50

Return to ldquoThe Honor Coderdquo

bullI need 3 hard workers

bullAs I give you your task sheets be conscious of what I am asking you to do (READ carefully)

bullYou will only have 5 min to prepare your first task

The InvestigationbullThe Administration will question each accused

student The interview will last 2 minStudents- You do not have much time to make

your caseAmin- You do not have much time to question

your suspect

bullThe students will have a few seconds at the end of the round of questioning to make any final statementsAdmin amp Students- You should take notes during

the trial so you can prepare a closing statement

Activity Breakdown DiscussionbullWhat was your overall experience with the

investigation Positive Negative

bullWas justice done in any of the cases

bull Did the accused students provided decent defenses for themselves

bull Do you think the Administration had preconceived notions about the students before going into the investigationDo you think these influenced the trial

Back to Notes

bullWhat did they confess to doingSworn allegiance to the devil

Attended nightly ceremonies

Used evil spells

Putting spells on their neighbors

Why did they confessThey were being tortured

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

Back to Notes

bullWho were the victimsCommon people Poor No propertyWomen SingleWidowedOver the age of 50

Return to ldquoThe Honor Coderdquo

bullI need 3 hard workers

bullAs I give you your task sheets be conscious of what I am asking you to do (READ carefully)

bullYou will only have 5 min to prepare your first task

The InvestigationbullThe Administration will question each accused

student The interview will last 2 minStudents- You do not have much time to make

your caseAmin- You do not have much time to question

your suspect

bullThe students will have a few seconds at the end of the round of questioning to make any final statementsAdmin amp Students- You should take notes during

the trial so you can prepare a closing statement

Activity Breakdown DiscussionbullWhat was your overall experience with the

investigation Positive Negative

bullWas justice done in any of the cases

bull Did the accused students provided decent defenses for themselves

bull Do you think the Administration had preconceived notions about the students before going into the investigationDo you think these influenced the trial

Back to Notes

bullWhat did they confess to doingSworn allegiance to the devil

Attended nightly ceremonies

Used evil spells

Putting spells on their neighbors

Why did they confessThey were being tortured

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

bullWho were the victimsCommon people Poor No propertyWomen SingleWidowedOver the age of 50

Return to ldquoThe Honor Coderdquo

bullI need 3 hard workers

bullAs I give you your task sheets be conscious of what I am asking you to do (READ carefully)

bullYou will only have 5 min to prepare your first task

The InvestigationbullThe Administration will question each accused

student The interview will last 2 minStudents- You do not have much time to make

your caseAmin- You do not have much time to question

your suspect

bullThe students will have a few seconds at the end of the round of questioning to make any final statementsAdmin amp Students- You should take notes during

the trial so you can prepare a closing statement

Activity Breakdown DiscussionbullWhat was your overall experience with the

investigation Positive Negative

bullWas justice done in any of the cases

bull Did the accused students provided decent defenses for themselves

bull Do you think the Administration had preconceived notions about the students before going into the investigationDo you think these influenced the trial

Back to Notes

bullWhat did they confess to doingSworn allegiance to the devil

Attended nightly ceremonies

Used evil spells

Putting spells on their neighbors

Why did they confessThey were being tortured

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

Return to ldquoThe Honor Coderdquo

bullI need 3 hard workers

bullAs I give you your task sheets be conscious of what I am asking you to do (READ carefully)

bullYou will only have 5 min to prepare your first task

The InvestigationbullThe Administration will question each accused

student The interview will last 2 minStudents- You do not have much time to make

your caseAmin- You do not have much time to question

your suspect

bullThe students will have a few seconds at the end of the round of questioning to make any final statementsAdmin amp Students- You should take notes during

the trial so you can prepare a closing statement

Activity Breakdown DiscussionbullWhat was your overall experience with the

investigation Positive Negative

bullWas justice done in any of the cases

bull Did the accused students provided decent defenses for themselves

bull Do you think the Administration had preconceived notions about the students before going into the investigationDo you think these influenced the trial

Back to Notes

bullWhat did they confess to doingSworn allegiance to the devil

Attended nightly ceremonies

Used evil spells

Putting spells on their neighbors

Why did they confessThey were being tortured

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

The InvestigationbullThe Administration will question each accused

student The interview will last 2 minStudents- You do not have much time to make

your caseAmin- You do not have much time to question

your suspect

bullThe students will have a few seconds at the end of the round of questioning to make any final statementsAdmin amp Students- You should take notes during

the trial so you can prepare a closing statement

Activity Breakdown DiscussionbullWhat was your overall experience with the

investigation Positive Negative

bullWas justice done in any of the cases

bull Did the accused students provided decent defenses for themselves

bull Do you think the Administration had preconceived notions about the students before going into the investigationDo you think these influenced the trial

Back to Notes

bullWhat did they confess to doingSworn allegiance to the devil

Attended nightly ceremonies

Used evil spells

Putting spells on their neighbors

Why did they confessThey were being tortured

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

Activity Breakdown DiscussionbullWhat was your overall experience with the

investigation Positive Negative

bullWas justice done in any of the cases

bull Did the accused students provided decent defenses for themselves

bull Do you think the Administration had preconceived notions about the students before going into the investigationDo you think these influenced the trial

Back to Notes

bullWhat did they confess to doingSworn allegiance to the devil

Attended nightly ceremonies

Used evil spells

Putting spells on their neighbors

Why did they confessThey were being tortured

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

Back to Notes

bullWhat did they confess to doingSworn allegiance to the devil

Attended nightly ceremonies

Used evil spells

Putting spells on their neighbors

Why did they confessThey were being tortured

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

bullWhat did they confess to doingSworn allegiance to the devil

Attended nightly ceremonies

Used evil spells

Putting spells on their neighbors

Why did they confessThey were being tortured

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

bullBy the 1650s the hysteria had slowed down

bullGovernments no longer wanted to deal with the trials (they were expensive and no one cared anymore)

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

SS 2 February 16th

On your deskAbsolutism Notes (Ch 7)

Be sure to review your notes each night

Bellringer

Please define the following termsTerroristfreedom fighter

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

Thirty Years WarbullPeace of Augsburg caused many problems

with the Calvinists

bullWhat was the Peace of AugsburgbullAllowed German princes to select

either Lutheranism or Catholicism within the lands they controlled

bullWhy is there a problemThe Calvinism had not been recognized in the settlements yet

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

bullWar Duration(Years) 1618-1648

bullWho did it involve Hapsburg Holy Roman

emperors ndash Catholic

Bohemian nobles - Protestants (Calvinists) Rebelled against the Catholic authority

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

bullWhere was it fought in EuropeGermany

But all of Europe was fighting at one time except for England

bullWhich country suffered the mostGermany

bullWhyThatrsquos where all the fighting was concentrated

bullWhat ended the warThe Peace of Westphalia ndash German states including

Calvinists ones could determine their own religion recognized as independent states because each received power to conduct its own foreign policy

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

Revolutions in England

bullDuring the 17th century there were made rebellions and civil problems

bullThe largest in England was the English Revolution

bullHow did it startStruggle between the king and Parliament to determine who had the most power

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

bullElizabeth I died in 1603 and brought the Tudor line to an end

bullThe Stuarts picked up the legacy ndash they were related to the Tudors (cousins to Elizabeth)

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

Absolute Monarch 4 ndash James I

Reigned 1603-1625

bullJames I took over England

Problems James believed in the Divine Right of KingsThe king ruled all and the Parliament had no say in the behavior

James was a Protestant and even harsher on the Catholics than ElizabethThe Catholics have had just about enough

The Gunpowder PlotbullThe failed plot to assassinate James I

and the Protestant Parliament

bullThis act would taint English Catholics with treason for centuries to come

bullWhy is this act significantShowed how upset an English minority

was with their king and the parliament

Gunpowder Plot Terrorism OR Freedom Fighting

bull Introduction- Rundown as to what the ldquoplotrdquo is

bull Article Summary- The Gunpowder Plot

bull The Gunpowder Plot Video Clips (create six squares on the back of your discussion webmdashwrite the following questions in each box) Act of Uniformity-Why were the Catholics upset with the laws of the

time The 5 Conspirators-Who were the conspirators involved What was

their purpose A Simple Plan-What was the conspiratorsrsquo plan Sourcing the Gunpowder-How close did the conspirators come to

blowing up Parliament Disaster Averted -How was disaster averted Treason and Torture ndashAfter the plot fails what happens to the

conspirators involved

bull Graphic Organizer- Terrorist or Freedom Fighter

You have until 1140 to get your article read and two facts for each heading complete

Legacy of James IbullAfter the gunpowder plot James tried to control

the Catholics even more

bullFor all his flaws James had never completely lost the affection of his people

bull Jamesrsquo successor held a fatal belief in the divine right of kings and a disdain for Parliament which will start the English Civil War

bullUnder James the English colonized North America In 1607Jamestown was founded in Virginia

Absolute Monarch 5 ndash Charles I

Reigned 1625-1649

bullCharles and Parliament hate each other and constantly try to limit the power of the otherParliament passed a law which prohibited the

king from passing any taxes without their consent

bullCharles wanted everyone to become CatholicParliament is filled with ProtestantsWith that thousands of Puritans left for the America

bullCharles wanted to imprison Parliament instead a revolt in sues

The English Civil Warbull The Civil War started in 1642

Fought between the Cavaliers who supported the king and the Roundheads who supported the Parliament

Who won Roundheads

Why Oliver Cromwell took over and created

the New Model Army made up of extreme Puritans who are known as the Independents who believed they were doing battle for God

bullWhyHow was he successfulHe got rid of all of the Parliament

members who did not support the Roundheads These non-supporters were called the Rump

Party

Cromwell executed Charles I in 1649 This action was important because it sent a message to Europe With the execution Parliament got rid of the monarchy and declared England a commonwealthA commonwealth is a republic

The Restoration

bullCromwell died in 1658

Within a year Parliament took over and restored the monarchy to Charles II

Oliver Cromwell and the English Civil War

Taken from BBC Monarchy with David Starkey

bullBackground

bullCromwell is Victorious

bullLife After the King is Beheaded

bullLord Protector Cromwell

Absolute Monarch 6 - Charles II

Reigned 1658-1685

bullSigns Habeas Corpus ndash document requiring that a prisoner be brought before a court or judge so they can decide whether imprisonment is legal

bullCharles II was sympathetic to Catholicism and his brother James II was a proud Catholic and heir to the throne

Why is that a problem Parliament was still wary about having

a proud Catholic as a king and wanted to pass the Exclusion Bill which would barred James from the throne because he was a devout Catholic

bullHuge debate between the 2 groupsWhigs ndash exclude JamesTories ndash did not want to interfere with the principle law of succession to the throne

bullCharles died in 1685 and James II became king ndash gave Catholics high position in the government army navy and universities

bullParliament did not fight with James II ndash whyHe was old and his daughters Mary and Anne were both protestant (1st wife)

Problem 1688 he had a son with his 2nd wife who was a Catholic

A Glorious RevolutionbullA group of English noblemen asked Mary and

William of Orange ndash leader of the Dutch to invade England

bull1688 they ldquoinvadedrdquo England

bullJames his wife and their son all fled to France

Why was it called a ldquoGlorious RevolutionrdquoThere was no blood spilled at all

bullParliament gave the monarch over to William and Mary but only if they would sign The English Bill of RightsWhat did it give Parliament

Parliamentrsquos rights to makes laws and levy taxes Standing armies could only be raised with the

Parliamentrsquos consent Citizens could keep arms Right to a jury trial

Impossible for a king to do anything without the aid of Parliament

Based on the Rule of Law and the freely elected Parliament

Foundation was based for a constitutional monarchy

bullAlso passed the Toleration Act of 1689 ndash Granted Puritans but not Catholics the right of free public worshipBasically stopped the religious persecutions

Destroyed the divine right theory because Parliament dethroned a king and created another

bullCabinet- group of ministers chosen by the head of a country to help make government decisions Link between the ruler and parliament Leader of the majority party in parliament heads the cabinet and is known as the Prime Minister

Flash Forward Bridging the GapbullUS would adopt many of Englandrsquos ideas during the 17th century including Habeas CorpusBill of RightsCabinet Strong legislature and strong executive branches along with 2 dominant political parties

7-3Response to

Crisis Absolutism

bullTo make the monarch more stable they needed to increase the power of the monarch in the 17th Century

bullCreated the idea of Absolutism

bullWhat is Absolutism A system in which the ruler holds total power Tied to the divine right of kings

The reign of Louis XIV was a prime example of absolutism

bull50 years before the reign of Louis in France the government was a mess

bullBoth Louis XIII and Louis XIV (4 years old) were both boys when they came to the throne

bull2 ministers that played a major role in preserving the monarchy

Cardinal Richelieubull Louis XIIIrsquos chief minister

bull What did he do

bull Took away the political and military rights of the Huguenots but still passed on the religious rights

bull Tamed nobles who were conspiring against those in power

bull Stopped conspirators by executing them

MazarinbullLouis XIV chief

minister

What did he do

Stopped a revolt held by nobles who were unhappy with the power the monarch had

bullImportance These 2 men proved to the French that the best chance of having a stable government was to give power to the monarchy

Absolute Monarch 7 Louis XIV

Reigned 1643-1715

bullAt the age of 23 and after the death of Cardinal Mazarin Louis became king

bullHe quit playing around and matured

bullHe created a strict and serious routine from which he hardly ever moved from

Government and Religion

bullLouis was the key to policymaking ndash Created the Royal Court at Versailles

Served 3 purposesPersonal household of the kingChief offices of the state were held

He could watch over them

bullAlso had a Royal CouncilChief administrative body of the king

Supervised the government

bullHe used religion keep the country united

bullWhat position did he take Anti-protestant position he wanted the Huguenots to accept Catholicism

When he 1st took the throne he destroyed Huguenot churches and destroyed their schools ndash roughly 2000 fled to England the United States and German States

FinancesbullDealing with the building of palaces

fighting wars and maintaining his courts Louis needed money

How was he going to get it Increase his exports and decrease his imports

Granted subsidies to new businesses

Built better canals and roads

Raised tariffs on foreign goods

MilitarybullLouis wanted a strong and powerful militaryHow did he get it Created wars with other countriesFought 4 wars between 1667 amp 1713

What did he get from the wars Added some territory to the Northwest of France

Had a member of his own dynasty on the throne of Spain

LegacybullWhat did he leave France with when he died in 1715 at the age of 76Huge debtSurrounded by enemies

bullWhy Wars and too great of an ambition

Describe the lifestyle of Louis XIVbullWhat was his childhood like

bullWhere did he live

bullWhat were his policies

bullWhat were his fears

Letrsquos Comparehelliphellip

Sun King vs Lion King

Absolutism in Central and Eastern Europe

bullAfter the Thirty Years War there were many German States but not one united Germany

bullWhy2 major states Prussia and Austria became huge empires in the 17th amp 18th centuries

Prussia

Absolute Monarch 8 Frederick William the Great Elector

Reigned 1713-1740

Absolute Monarch 8 Frederick William the Great Elector

Reigned 1713-1740

bullOne of the best educated and most cultured monarchs in the 18th century Well versed in Enlightenment

A believer in the king as the ldquofirst servant of the staterdquo

Attempted to make enlightened reforms Abolished the use of torture except in cases of treason or murder

Granted limited power of government Freedom of press Complete religious toleration

bullHe built a strong and efficient army

bullHow did he pay for thisGeneral War Commissariat which would Levy taxes and oversee the growth of the army

Eventually he used this to govern the state

Who were the JunkersThe rich men who served Frederick and the army ndash members of the Commissariat

Austria

bullCreated by the Hapsburgs after the fall of the German Empire

bullLand it encompassedPresent day Austria part of Hungary and Czech Republic

bullLater in 1687 they took over the rest of Hungary Transylvania Croatia and Slavonia

bullProblemsNever became centralized absolutist state

WhyMade up of so many different national groupsCollection of territories held together by the Hapsburg military and politics

bullWho were the HapsburgsArchduke of AustriaKing of BohemiaKing of Hungary

Problem Each had their own laws and political life

Absolute Monarch 9 Ivan IV

Reigned 1533-1584

bullCreated by the Hapsburgs after the fall of the German Empire

bullLand it encompassedPresent day Austria part of Hungary and Czech Republic

bullLater in 1687 they took over the rest of Hungary Transylvania Croatia and Slavonia

bullProblemsNever became centralized absolutist state

WhyMade up of so many different national groupsCollection of territories held together by the Hapsburg military and politics

bullWho were the HapsburgsArchduke of AustriaKing of BohemiaKing of Hungary

Problem Each had their own laws and political life

Absolute Monarch 9 Ivan IV

Reigned 1533-1584

bullProblemsNever became centralized absolutist state

WhyMade up of so many different national groupsCollection of territories held together by the Hapsburg military and politics

bullWho were the HapsburgsArchduke of AustriaKing of BohemiaKing of Hungary

Problem Each had their own laws and political life

Absolute Monarch 9 Ivan IV

Reigned 1533-1584

bullWho were the HapsburgsArchduke of AustriaKing of BohemiaKing of Hungary

Problem Each had their own laws and political life

Absolute Monarch 9 Ivan IV

Reigned 1533-1584

Absolute Monarch 9 Ivan IV

Reigned 1533-1584

bullStruggled for power with the boyers ndash land owning nobles

bullCrowned himself Czar (Ceasar king)

From 1533 he won many victoriesrsquo added lands to Russia gave Russia a code of laws and ruled justly

bullAfter his wife died things got ugly

Organized a police force that hunted down and killed potential traitors

Killed many boyers their families and peasants

In 1581 Ivan the Terrible stabbed his oldest son and heir to the throne to death in an argument

He died 3 years later leaving his second and weak son to rule

This would give rise to the Romanovs

Absolute Monarch 10 ndash Peter the Great

Reigned 1682-1725

bullThe Time of Troubles took out Ivan in 1598

bullThe national assembly chose Michael Romanov as the new czar

bullPeter the Great was part of the Romanov Dynasty and an absolute monarch

bullHis goalHe wanted Russia to be more westernized Pushed to improve the military technology of Russia

With his death in 1725 Russia was one of the main military powers in Russia

bullFirst goalReorganize the army

He added both Russian and European officers

Drafted peasants to be in the army for 25 years

bullSecond goalCentralize the government

Divided Russia into provinces and had people in charge to carry out his laws

His administrators feared him and basically became his slaves

Was it successful NO the people feared and resented him

bullHe wanted Russia to be more westernized

How de he do this Created a book of etiquette

Made men shave their beards and shorten their coats

Upper-class women could remove their veils in public

Mixing of genders - ceremonies galas etc

St Petersburg

bullTook over this territory from Sweden in the Great Northern War

bullKnown as the ldquoOpen a window to the Westrdquo

bullCreated a port town to that had ready access to Europe

bullWhere was it located On the Baltic Sea

Problem ndash it was owned by Sweden

Solution ndash Fight and take the land

Began to create the city in 1703 and it remained the Russian capital until 1918

7-4The World of

European Culture

MannerismbullThe artistic Renaissance came to an end

when the a new movement called Mannerism merged in Italy in the 1520s and 1530sDefine Mannerism-

bullIn Italy the enthusiasm of the renaissance declined because people wanted and wished for a spiritual experience

bullMannerism in art reflected this new idea and took away the ideas of the High Renaissance which wereBalanceHarmonyModeration

bullInstead Mannerism replaced them with the ideas ofDisproportionSufferingHeighted emotionReligious ecstasy

Example

El GrecobullWhere was El Greco from

Crete

bullWhat does his name mean The Greek

bullWhat did his mood reflect in his artTensions created by the religious upheavals of the Reformation

The Baroque PeriodbullMannerism was eventually replaced by

the Baroque movement

bullThis movement began in Italy in the last quarter of the 16th century and spread to the rest of Europe and even Latin America

bullWhat reform movement wholeheartedly adopted the Baroque styleCatholic

bullBaroque artists tried to bring together the classical ideals of the Renaissance with the spiritual feelings on the 16th century revival

bullThe baroque style was known to for its use of dramatic effects to arouse the emotions

Why did Kings and princes use the baroque style Wanted all to be overwhelmed

by the beauty and power

Art Critique Books

bullYou must have them complete and illustrated BEFORE you leave today

The Golden Age of Literature

bullEnglish Literature

bullWhen did writing hit a new height in both Spain and England1580-1640

bullBetween the late sixteenth and seventeenth centuries this time period in England was called the Elizabethan EraWhy is it called this era

So much of it fell within the time period of Elizabethrsquos reign

bullWho was the most famous dramatists of this time period in EnglandShakespeare

bullStage was already very popular in England before Shakespeare came to the stage in 1592

bullStages ranged from the Globe which had an open circular unroofed structure that could hold up to 3000 people to that of the Blackfriars which were roofed structures that only held around 500 people

The Globe allowed all classes to watch because they only charged around one or two pennies for admission

The Blackfriars welcomed the upper class because they charged higher prices

The Globe

The Blackfriars

The Blackfriars

bullTrue or False Playwrights had to write many different types of plays to accommodate the different types of audiences

bullShakespeare was seen as being a universal genius because he could show a remarkable understanding of the human condition

Spanish LiteraturebullWhere were the first professional theaters

formedSeville amp Madrid

bullWho set the standard for playwrights in Spain around the 1580s Lope de Vega

bullOut of his 1500 plays 500 survived

bullLope de Vega wrote plays to please his audience and gave the people what they wanted

bullWho wrote Don QuixoteMiguel de Cervantes

bullHe portrayed the dual nature of the Spanish characterThe knight ndash is a visionary so involved in his

own life that he does not see the harsh realities around him

The squire ndash is a realist In the end each comes to the value of others

perspective The book shows that both visionary dreams and the hard work of the reality are necessary for the human condition

Political Thought

bullThomas Hobbes was alarmed by the revolutionary upheavals in England

bullHe wrote the book Leviathan and it was published in 1651

What is this book about A work on political thought ndash try to deal

with the problem of disorder

bullHobbes felt that before society was organized it was ldquosolitary poor nasty brutish and shortrdquo Humans were guided not by reason and moral ideals but by a ruthless struggle for self-preservation

What did the people have to do to save themselves from destroying one anotherMake a social contract and agreed to a form of state

People in the state would agreed to be governed by an absolute ruler who had unlimited power

Rebellion must be suppressed

bullOverall idea Hobbes felt that absolute power was needed to preserve order in society

bullWhat book did John Locke write When was it written The Treatise of Government ndash 1690

bull Differed from Hobbes He argued against the absolute rule of one person

Before society was organized humans lived in a state of equality and freedom rather than a state of war

In this state humans of nature have certain natural rights

Define Natural Rights

What 3 rights are includedLife LibertyProperty

bull Agreed with Hobbes Problems did exist within nature

Difficult to protect their natural rights therefore you have to establish a government to ensure the protection of their rights

The contract is between what 2 groups People and the government

What did the 2 groups have to do Government was responsible to keep the people safe

The People were to follow the rules kept by the government

What would happen if the government broke the contract Overthrow ndash find a new monarch

Who were people to Locke Those who held land

bullLocke was not an advocate for democracy but his ideas proved important to both Americans and the French in the 18th century

What were his ideas used to support Demands for a constitutional government

Rule of law

Protection of rights

bullWhat 2 American documents can his ideas be foundConstitution

Declaration of Independence

Stop

bullComplete Say Something ActivityPhilosophies of Hobbes and Locke

bullNatural Rights Activity

bullFinish Word Splash

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

The General Assembly United Nations

December 10 1948

1 Everyone is free and we should all be treated in the same way

2 Everyone is equal despite differences in skin colour sex religion language for example

3 Everyone has the right to life and to live in freedom and safety

4 No one has the right to treat you as a slave nor should you make anyone your slave

5 No one has the right to hurt you or to torture you

1 Everyone is free and we should all be treated in the same way

2 Everyone is equal despite differences in skin colour sex religion language for example

3 Everyone has the right to life and to live in freedom and safety

4 No one has the right to treat you as a slave nor should you make anyone your slave

5 No one has the right to hurt you or to torture you

6 Everyone has the right to be treated equally by the law

7 The law is the same for everyone it should be applied in the same way to all

8 Everyone has the right to ask for legal help when their rights are not respected

9 No one has the right to imprison you unjustly or expel you from your own country

10 Everyone has the right to a fair and public trial

11 Everyone should be considered innocent until guilt is proved

12 Everyone has the right to ask for help if someone tries to harm you but no-one can enter your home open your letters or bother you or your family without a good reason

13 Everyone has the right to travel as they wish

14 Everyone has the right to go to another country and ask for protection if they are being persecuted or are in danger of being persecuted

15 Everyone has the right to belong to a country No one has the right to prevent you from belonging to another country if you wish to

16 Everyone has the right to marry and have a family

17 Everyone has the right to own property and possessions

18 Everyone has the right to practice and observe all aspects of their own religion and change their religion if they want to

19 Everyone has the right to say what they think and to give and receive information

20 Everyone has the right to take part in meetings and to join associations in a peaceful way

21 Everyone has the right to help choose and take part in the government of their country

22 Everyone has the right to social security and to opportunities to develop their skills

23 Everyone has the right to work for a fair wage in a safe environment and to join a trade union

24 Everyone has the right to rest and leisure

25 Everyone has the right to an adequate standard of living and medical help if they are ill

26 Everyone has the right to go to school

27 Everyone has the right to share in their communitys cultural life

28 Everyone must respect the social order that is necessary for all these rights to be available

29 Everyone must respect the rights of others the community and public property

30 No one has the right to take away any of the rights in this declaration