Chapter 6/7

Key Concepts Future and Imperfect of irregular verbs

Sum, esse Possum, posse

Rhotacization Existential use of esse Assimilation

3rd declension--Same process as before

Endings!M/F

N: ____ N: ēsG: is G: umD: ī D: ibusAC: em AC: ēsAB: e AB: ibus

Patterns?

NN: ____ N: aG: is G: umD: ī D: ibusAC: ____ AC: aAB: e AB: ibus

Future and Imperfect of TO BE But first…let’s review how to form future

and imperfect regular verbs

Present: I am praising the farmers. Imperfect: I was praising the

farmers. Future: I will praise the farmers.

To form the FUTURE indicative 1) Infinitive 2) Find stem (with theme vowel) 3) Add present infix, which is BO, BI, BU 3) Add endings

cenō, cenāre –to eat- future active indicative

Singular

1st cenābō

2nd cenābis

3rd cenābit

Plural

Cenābimus

Cenābitis

cenābunt

To Form the Imperfect 1) Infinitive 2) Find stem (with theme vowel) 3) Add present infix, which is BA 3) Add endings

amō, amāre – imperfect active indicative

sing.

1st amā-ba –m

2nd amā -bā –s

3rd amā -ba -t

plural

amā -bā –mus

amā -bā -tis

amā -ba -nt

What do we do with sum, esse in Imperfect? 1) Take stem: es- 2) Add infixes: “A” (ditch the B) 3) Add endings

Imperfect: es-a era RHOTASIZATION-when “s” is in between two vowels it goes R!

era+m eram

eram I was erāmus We wereerās You were erātis Ya’ll wereerat He/she/it was erant They were

Ubi* puella eram, linguam latinam amābam.

When*

What do we do with sum,esse in Future? Take stem: es- Add infixes: use “O,” “I,” “U” Add endings

Future: es-o ero RHOTASIZATION

Es-i-s eris

Es-u-nterunt

Future of esse

erō I will be erimus We will be eris You will be eritis Ya’ll will beerit He/she/it will be erunt They will be

Discipuli boni erunt, non mali.

The students will be good, [they will not be] not bad.

Erat/est at the beginning=story time Erat Rex in nostrā patriā, non in Graeciā.

Erat villa in periculo.

Existential “there is/was/will be” Olim erat puella de Nantucke… “There once was a girl from Nantucket…” Erunt pericula in bello.…”There will be danger in war”

Compare to Hay en Español

One More Verb! The verb ‘possum, posse, potuī’ Means “to be able”

Q: is this verb transitive? *Form--Combo of ‘pot’ and the forms of

‘sum’* ASSIMILATION

“s” breaks your “t-eeth” Saying potsum is too hard!possum

Present and Imperfect of “Possum”

Present1- Possum I am Possumus We are2- Potes You are Potestis You all are3- Potest He is Possunt They are

Imperfect1- Poteram I was able Poterāmus2- Poterās Poterātis3- Poterat Poterant

Can you guess the future?1- Potero Poterimus2- Poteris Poteritis3- Poterit Poterunt

Complementary Inf. Q: is this verb transitive?

Possum takes a complementary inf.-- An infinitive that goes with another infinitive to complete it’s meaning

Remember debeō, debēre? Debet vocāre=he should call Potest vocāre=he can call

Pecuniam possum habēre.

Possumus amāre linguam latinam!

Key Concepts February 5 Third Declension

Same process as before Endings!

M/FN: ____ N: ēsG: is G: umD: ī D: ibusAC: em AC: ēsAB: e AB: ibus

Patterns?

NN: ____ N: aG: is G: umD: ī D: ibusAC: ____ AC: aAB: e AB: ibus

Try pax, pacis-f

Pāx, pācis-

N: Pāx PācēsG: Pācis PācumD: Pācī PācibusAC: Pācem PācēsAB: Pāce Pācibus

f. peace

Corpus, corporis-

Nom.: Corpus CorporaGen. : Corporis CorporumDat.: Corporī CorporibusAcc: Corpus CorporaAbl.: Corpore Corporibus

n. body