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Chapter 4
Chapter 4: Server InstallationChapter 4: Server Installation
Chapter 4
Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
Make advance preparations to install Make advance preparations to install Windows NT 4.0 Server, including listing Windows NT 4.0 Server, including listing hardware information and making decisions hardware information and making decisions regarding installation setup parametersregarding installation setup parameters
Create an emergency repair diskCreate an emergency repair disk Perform NT Server installation using different Perform NT Server installation using different
methodsmethods Troubleshoot installation problemsTroubleshoot installation problems Remove Windows NT ServerRemove Windows NT Server
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Advance PreparationsAdvance Preparations
Information about what hardware Information about what hardware components are installedcomponents are installed
Information about where the operating Information about where the operating system files will be installedsystem files will be installed
The name of the serverThe name of the server An installed NICAn installed NIC
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Server Hardware ComponentsServer Hardware Components
Compile a list of hardware component Compile a list of hardware component informationinformation
Record the basic input/output system (BIOS) Record the basic input/output system (BIOS) configuration settingsconfiguration settings
Make sure you have most up-to-date drives Make sure you have most up-to-date drives for hardware (SCSI adapters, RAID drives, for hardware (SCSI adapters, RAID drives, NIC, CD-ROM drives)NIC, CD-ROM drives)
If installing on SMP, obtain most recent copy If installing on SMP, obtain most recent copy of the Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL)of the Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL)
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Server Hardware Component Information Form
Server Hardware Component Information Form
Hardware Component Description
CPU type
Type of buses in computer
Amount of RAM
Hard disk and adapter type
Mouse or pointing device
Monitor/monitor adapter
Keyboard type
Floppy drive type
Tape drive and adapter
NIC
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Making Decisions in AdvanceMaking Decisions in Advance
How to partition the disk(s)How to partition the disk(s) What file system(s) to useWhat file system(s) to use Where system files will be locatedWhere system files will be located What the server name will beWhat the server name will be What the password for the Administrator account What the password for the Administrator account
will bewill be What protocol(s) will be selectedWhat protocol(s) will be selected What the domain name will beWhat the domain name will be How the server will functionHow the server will function
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Disk Partition SelectionDisk Partition Selection
PartitioningPartitioning: A process in which a hard : A process in which a hard disk section or a complete hard disk is disk section or a complete hard disk is set up for use by an operating systemset up for use by an operating system
Makes one drive act like several smaller disksMakes one drive act like several smaller disks Partitions generally are drive letters Partitions generally are drive letters (C:, D:, etc.)(C:, D:, etc.)..
FormattingFormatting: An operation that marks : An operation that marks small disk sections (blocks or tracks and small disk sections (blocks or tracks and sectors) for use by a specific file systemsectors) for use by a specific file system
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Dual Boot SystemDual Boot System
Dual-boot systemDual-boot system: A computer set up to : A computer set up to boot from two or more different boot from two or more different operating systems, such as Windows operating systems, such as Windows NT Server and MS-DOSNT Server and MS-DOS Take filesystems into accountTake filesystems into account
ex. MS-DOS can’t read NTFS without special ex. MS-DOS can’t read NTFS without special softwaresoftware
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NT Server File SystemsNT Server File Systems
NTFS recommended over FAT file NTFS recommended over FAT file systemsystem Offers best security, performance, and file Offers best security, performance, and file
handling for network usershandling for network users Offers logging and file compressionOffers logging and file compression
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File Location and NT Directory NameFile Location and
NT Directory Name
Critical with dual-boot systemCritical with dual-boot system Use separate directory for each operating Use separate directory for each operating
systemsystem System files in root directory of boot System files in root directory of boot
disk in folder called \winnt (default)disk in folder called \winnt (default) Other people may support serverOther people may support server NT software utilities anticipate Winnt folderNT software utilities anticipate Winnt folder
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Server Name GuidelinesServer Name Guidelines
Relatively short and easy to typeRelatively short and easy to type Descriptive of server’s function or Descriptive of server’s function or
reflective of organization that uses itreflective of organization that uses it Easy to remember and useEasy to remember and use Not already used by another network Not already used by another network
computercomputer
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Administrator Account PasswordAdministrator Account Password
Select a password that is difficult to Select a password that is difficult to guessguess
Avoid using information that can be Avoid using information that can be identified with youidentified with you
Use a long password (Windows NT Use a long password (Windows NT Server accepts up to 14 characters)Server accepts up to 14 characters)
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Protocol SelectionProtocol Selection
NetBEUINetBEUI Small nonrouted networks of under 200Small nonrouted networks of under 200
TCP/IPTCP/IP Larger or routed networkLarger or routed network Internet connectivityInternet connectivity
Client Service for NetWare (CSNW) and Client Service for NetWare (CSNW) and NWLinkNWLink Gateway to NetWareGateway to NetWare
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Server DomainsServer Domains
Used to identify users, check their Used to identify users, check their authorizations, and give access to resourcesauthorizations, and give access to resources
Simplify server managementSimplify server management Consist of clients and resourcesConsist of clients and resources
ClientsClients: User accounts and user groups: User accounts and user groups ResourcesResources: File servers, print servers, etc. : File servers, print servers, etc.
used by clientsused by clients Can support as many as 40,000 objects, Can support as many as 40,000 objects,
26,000 users, and 250 groups26,000 users, and 250 groups
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Server FunctionsServer Functions
Primary domain controller (PDC)Primary domain controller (PDC) Backup domain controller (BDC)Backup domain controller (BDC) Member serverMember server Standalone serverStandalone server
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Primary Domain Controller (PDC)
Primary Domain Controller (PDC)
Acts as the master server when there Acts as the master server when there are two or more NT servers on a are two or more NT servers on a networknetwork
Holds the master database (called the Holds the master database (called the security accounts manager, or SAM) of security accounts manager, or SAM) of user accounts and access privilegesuser accounts and access privileges
Chapter 4
Backup Domain Controller Backup Domain Controller (BDC)(BDC)
Backup Domain Controller Backup Domain Controller (BDC)(BDC)
Acts as a backup to the primary domain Acts as a backup to the primary domain controllercontroller
Has a copy of the SAM database Has a copy of the SAM database containing user account and access containing user account and access privilege informationprivilege information
Offers fault toleranceOffers fault tolerance
Chapter 4
Backing Up the PDC with BDCs Backing Up the PDC with BDCs
Domain resources
PDC BDCBDCBDC
Primary SAM Backup SAM Backup SAM Backup SAM
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Member Servers and Standalone Servers
Member Servers and Standalone Servers
Member serversMember servers No account logon verificationNo account logon verification Used as a special-purpose server, such as Used as a special-purpose server, such as
a database servera database server Standalone serversStandalone servers
Not part of an existing domainNot part of an existing domain ex., for testing, or personal use, etc.ex., for testing, or personal use, etc.
Chapter 4
Creating an Emergency Repair Disk (ERD)
Creating an Emergency Repair Disk (ERD)
Created when you install Windows NT Created when you install Windows NT and updated after the installationand updated after the installation
Contains repair, diagnostic, and backup Contains repair, diagnostic, and backup information in case there is a problem information in case there is a problem with Windows NTwith Windows NT
Chapter 4
Content of the ERDContent of the ERD
Disk File Purpose
Autoexec.nt Initializes MS-DOS
Config.nt Initializes MS-DOS
Default._ Setup & system profile info (compressed)
Ntuser.DA_ Used by the NT repair process
Sam._ Compressed copy of the SAM
Setup.log Log of installed files and repair info
Software._ Installed software configurations info(compressed)
System._ System configuration info (compressed)
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Installation OptionsInstallation Options
Floppy disk and CD-ROMFloppy disk and CD-ROM Network installationNetwork installation Network Client Administrator installationNetwork Client Administrator installation Unattended installationUnattended installation
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Command-line Switches for WINNT.EXE & WINNT32.EXE
Command-line Switches for WINNT.EXE & WINNT32.EXE
/?/? /B/B /E:command/E:command /F/F /I:/I:initialization initialization
filenamefilename /O/O /OX/OX
/R:/R:folderfolder /RX:/RX:folderfolder /S:/S:drive:\folderdrive:\folder
/S:\\/S:\\server\share\folderserver\share\folder /T:/T:drive\folderdrive\folder /U:/U:script filescript file /X/X
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Floppy Disk and CD-ROM Installation
Floppy Disk and CD-ROM Installation
One of most common ways to start One of most common ways to start Windows NT Server setupWindows NT Server setup Three floppies containing bare-bones Three floppies containing bare-bones
systemsystem CD holds remainder of system, more CD holds remainder of system, more
drivers, etc.drivers, etc. Can make boot floppies from CD on Can make boot floppies from CD on
another machine (handy!)another machine (handy!)
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Network InstallationNetwork Installation
Enable installation from a shared Enable installation from a shared network directory on another computernetwork directory on another computer
Useful if your computer lacks CD-ROM Useful if your computer lacks CD-ROM drivedrive
Useful if you operate a large network Useful if you operate a large network and plan to implement many NT serversand plan to implement many NT servers
Fast and consistentFast and consistent
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Network Client Administrator Installation
Network Client Administrator Installation
Enables installation even if prospective Enables installation even if prospective server computer has no operating server computer has no operating systemsystem
Boot floppy contains just enough of the Boot floppy contains just enough of the OS to be able to get on the network and OS to be able to get on the network and get the restget the rest
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Unattended InstallationUnattended Installation
Usually performed over the networkUsually performed over the network Enables specification of a set of Enables specification of a set of
parameters before installation beginsparameters before installation begins Answer fileAnswer file Uniqueness database file (UDF)Uniqueness database file (UDF)
Not recommended for creating servers; Not recommended for creating servers; saves time when setting up multiple saves time when setting up multiple Windows NT workstationsWindows NT workstations
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Stepping Through an Installation (Floppy Disk and CD-ROM)
Stepping Through an Installation (Floppy Disk and CD-ROM)
Part 1Part 1 Character-based Setup screensCharacter-based Setup screens
Part 2Part 2 Graphical display using Windows-based Graphical display using Windows-based
dialog boxesdialog boxes
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Installation Part 1 (Text-based)Installation Part 1 (Text-based)
Detects hardwareDetects hardware Loads installation files onto the computerLoads installation files onto the computer Asks about disk partitioning/formatting Asks about disk partitioning/formatting
choiceschoices May require disk from peripheral May require disk from peripheral
manufacturer for special driversmanufacturer for special drivers
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Installation Part 2 (Graphical)Installation Part 2 (Graphical)
Enables configuration of information Enables configuration of information specific to the serverspecific to the server Registration informationRegistration information Server nameServer name Server typeServer type NIC setupNIC setup
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Troubleshooting Installation Problems: Preventive StepsTroubleshooting Installation Problems: Preventive Steps
Purchase a processor and hardware Purchase a processor and hardware components that are on Microsoft’s HCLcomponents that are on Microsoft’s HCL
Test hardware before installing Test hardware before installing Windows NTWindows NT
Compile and record information about Compile and record information about hardware components and BIOS setup hardware components and BIOS setup
Run comprehensive test of hard diskRun comprehensive test of hard disk
Chapter 4
Problems with Hardware Drivers or Actual Hardware
Problems with Hardware Drivers or Actual Hardware
Setup did not find any mass storage devices Setup did not find any mass storage devices on the computer on the computer oror there is an inaccessible there is an inaccessible boot driveboot drive
There is a disk error on one of the three There is a disk error on one of the three floppy setup disksfloppy setup disks
A problem is reported with HAL.DLLA problem is reported with HAL.DLL Especially on multiprocessor systemsEspecially on multiprocessor systems
The installation fails when installing the The installation fails when installing the network componentsnetwork components
continued
Chapter 4
Problems with Hardware Drivers or Actual Hardware
Problems with Hardware Drivers or Actual Hardware
A problem is reported with A problem is reported with NTOSKRNL.EXENTOSKRNL.EXE
A device driver is not available in Setup for A device driver is not available in Setup for a given componenta given component
May be able to install OS and install device driver May be able to install OS and install device driver laterlater
A STOP message appears during the A STOP message appears during the installationinstallation
Can be tough to diagnoseCan be tough to diagnose
Chapter 4
Uninstalling Windows NT ServerUninstalling Windows NT Server
Necessary when new server hardware Necessary when new server hardware is purchased and you want to pass is purchased and you want to pass along the old hardware to someone elsealong the old hardware to someone else licensing restriction, anti-piracylicensing restriction, anti-piracy
In essence, simply blow away the In essence, simply blow away the contents of the drivecontents of the drive re-format, re-partition, or combinationre-format, re-partition, or combination ……making sure you making sure you save user data save user data first.first.
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Chapter SummaryChapter Summary
With advance preparation, installation of With advance preparation, installation of Windows NT 4.0 Server is likely to be Windows NT 4.0 Server is likely to be trouble-free.trouble-free. Record information about server hardwareRecord information about server hardware Have current drivers for hardware in the Have current drivers for hardware in the
serverserver
continued
Chapter 4
Chapter SummaryChapter Summary
Make important decisions Make important decisions beforebefore you start you start the installation.the installation. Disk partition selectionDisk partition selection File systemFile system File location and directory nameFile location and directory name Names for the server and its domainNames for the server and its domain Administrator account passwordAdministrator account password Protocol selectionProtocol selection Emergency Repair Disk (ERD)Emergency Repair Disk (ERD)
continued
Chapter 4
Chapter SummaryChapter Summary
Select appropriate installation method.Select appropriate installation method. Floppy disks and CD-ROM Floppy disks and CD-ROM Network installationNetwork installation Network Client Administrator installationNetwork Client Administrator installation Unattended installationUnattended installation
