The Cold War expands

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Chapter 39 - The Cold War expandsWere the methods used by the U.S to contain communism justified ?ESPIONAGE

Europe feels the Heat of the Cold WarMission 1Berlin Blockade 1948 , Soviet Union set up a blockade around Berlin to force Allies to give up plans for a West German nation. Berlin Air Lift President Truman drops supplies into Berlin to break the Blockade.NATO Military alliance in which allied nations agreed to come to each others defense in case of a Soviet Attack

Berlin

Why did Stalin place a blockade around Berlin?

The Berlin AirliftHow did Truman respond to Stalins Blockade?

Why was it considered a success?

Czechloslovakia1948 Stalin uses troops to help communists seize control (coup detat)Rights suppressed (freedom of press, speech)Private farm land taken and given to the stateNATO is formedEurope (1949)What nations made up NATO?How did the Soviets respond to NATO?

North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationHungaryWhat did the people in Hungary revolt against in 1956?Why were the people of Hungary upset with the U.S?

Were the strategies of providing aid, forming alliances, and doing nothing in an attempt to contain Communism in Europe successful during these years? Why or why not?

Do you agree or disagree with the United States decision to not help the people of Czechoslovakia and Hungary resist Communism? Why

Cold War spreads to AsiaMission 2Mao Zedong Communist leader of ChinaKorean War (1950) North Korean Communists invaded South Korea The U.S helped defend the south but after the war Korea remained divided at the 38th Parallel.China

Mao Zedong led a communist revolt of China in 1949U.S was concerned that the China and the Soviet Union would form an allianceU.S lifted restrictions on JapanU.S cut off trade with China Some favored good relations with China to weaken the Soviet UnionKorean WarCommunists took over power in North Korea after WWIIKorean War began when the north invaded the south in 1950Douglas MacArthur led U.S troopsWanted to blockade China and bomb them for helping the North54,000 U.S soldiers diedDivided into communist north and non-communist south

North Korea

38th Parallel and the Demilitarized zoneGeneral MacArthurWere the strategies of using military force and providing and withholding aid successful in containing Communism in Asia? Explain why or why not.

Fighting the Cold War in other parts of the WorldMission 3

Third World U.S and Soviet Union tried to aid developing nations in Latin America, Africa, and Asia in an attempt to spread their influenceCovert Actionsecret political, economic, and military operations by the CIA to contain Communism

Fighting the Cold War in other parts of the worldThird World Nations were poor developing nations in Latin America, Africa and Asia.The U.S and U.S.S.R competed to win their support

Propaganda took many forms from books, news articles , films, and radio broadcasts.USIA beamed pro-U.S broadcasts to the Soviet BlocCIA funded Radio Free Europe and Radio LibertyStaff members were from E. Europe and Russia.

Supporting Friendly GovernmentsTruman feared that people who were frustrated and disappointed due to poverty would turn to communism for supportU.S provided funds for farming, health care and military aidSome dictators were given aid and used it to oppress their people which created anti-american sentimentEgyptEgyptian leader Bamal Abdul Nasser brought tanks and weapons from the Czechs.U.S and England stopped financing the Aswan Dam on the Nile RiverEgypt seized control of the Suez Canal from England leading to an invasion by England and Israel.Soviets threatened to back up Egypt with forceU.S convinced both sides to withdraw.

CIAWhat covert methods did both sides utilize?

WiretappingSatellite photoU-2 FlightsBriberyRemove or elect anti-communist leadersAssassination

GuatemalaWhy did the CIA overthrow the President of Guatemala?

Why were the people of Guatemala angry with the government the U.S put in place?

Dominican RepublicVoters in 1962 elected Juan Bosch presidentMilitary Coup took him out of officeCommunist supporters tried to return him to powerU.S troops sent in to crush the revolt. Were the strategies of employing the CIA for covert actions or spreading propaganda effective in containing Communism around the world? Why or why not.

Were the strategies of providing or withholding aid successful in containing Communism around the world? Why or why not.

The Arms Race threatens global destructionBrinkmanship U.S foreign policy that involved going to the brink of war in order to contain CommunismDeterrence developing a weapon arsenal so deadly that the Soviets would not dare attackArms Race competition to achieve weapons superiorityICBMs intercontinental Ballistic Missiles

H-BombHydrogen Bomb1952500 times more powerful1953 Soviets tested one

ICBMs1960Nuclear War HeadsIntercontinental ballistic MissilesNuclear Power Submarines (16 missiles)

BrinkmanshipJohn Foster DullesGo to the edge or brink of warSoviets had to believe that the U.S would use their nukes if pushed to farBe ready to go to war to keep peace

TaiwanZedong ordered Chinese troops to fire on Taiwanese lands of Quemoy and MatsuPrepare for invasionU.S threatened nuclear attack on ChinaChina backed off

Mutual Assured Destruction Why has MADD been an effective strategy?What has the downside been with this strategy?

Why do many feel that MADD is an ineffective strategy today ?

Did the United States employ different strategies in different parts of the world? If so, give an example.Mission 5 Where is this place?

In what parts of the world was the United States most successful in fighting the spread of communism? Least successful?

Containment strategiesA) Do nothingB) Employ the CIA for covert actions or spreading propaganda.C) Use of military force.D) Form alliances for collective security or other purposes.E) Provides or withholds aid.F) Use the threat of a nuclear attack as a deterrent.What strategies did the U.S employ to contain communism? Provide specific examples of these strategies and explain whether or not these were they effective