Chapter 3, Section 1 The Road to the Constitutioncoachbrown10.wikispaces.com/file/view/ANTG+Ch+3-4+Civics.pdf/...The Road to the Constitution (Pages 52–54) ... Principles Underlying

Chapter 3, Section 1 33

Chapter 3, Section 1

The Road to theConstitution(Pages 52–54)

Setting a Purpose for Reading Think about these questions as you read:

• Who attended the Constitutional Convention?

• What rules did the delegates adopt to conduct their business?

As you read pages 52–54 in your textbook, complete this web diagram by

listing prominent leaders and characteristics of delegates to the Constitutional

Convention.

Delegates to the

Constitutional Convention

As you read, answer the following questions. Doing so will

help you summarize this section.

1. What event took place?

2. Where did the event take place?

3. Who attended the event?

4. When did the event begin?

5. Why did the event occur?

Define this academic vocabulary word from this lesson.

Use this term that you studied earlier in a sentence that

reflects the term’s meaning.

34 Chapter 3, Section 1

process

considerable(Chapter 2, Section 1)

A Distinguished Gathering (pages 52–53)

How would you describe the delegates to the Constitutional

Convention?

Scan the section to get an idea of what you are about to

read. Then consider what you read on the previous pages

to help you make an educated guess about the contents in

this section. Next write a sentence or two explaining your

prediction.

Define or describe the following term from this lesson.

Use each of the following academic vocabulary words in a

sentence that reflects its meaning.


ConstitutionalConvention

conduct

despite

Early Decisions (pages 53–54)

Why were no formal records kept at the Constitutional

Convention?

Now that you have read the section, write the answers to

the questions that were included in Setting a Purpose for

Reading at the beginning of the lesson.

Who attended the Constitutional Convention?

What rules did the delegates adopt to conduct their business?




Creating and Ratifying theConstitution(Pages 55–59)


• What plans of government did delegates offer at the Constitutional

Convention?

• What compromises were agreed upon by the delegates?

As you read pages 55–59 in your textbook, complete this chart by comparing

the contents of the Virginia Plan to the New Jersey Plan.

BothVirginia Plan New Jersey Plan

Complete this outline as you read.

I. The Virginia Plan

A. __________________________________________________________

B. __________________________________________________________

C. __________________________________________________________

II. The New Jersey Plan

A. __________________________________________________________

B. __________________________________________________________

C. __________________________________________________________

Define or describe the following terms from this lesson.

Define these academic vocabulary words from this

lesson.


executivebranch

legislativebranch

judicialbranch

dominate

alternative

Two Opposing Plans (pages 55–56)

How did the Virginia Plan differ from the New Jersey Plan?

As you read, write the main idea of the selection. Review

your statement when you have finished reading, and revise

as necessary.


Define these academic vocabulary words from this lesson.


GreatCompromise

Three-FifthsCompromise

ElectoralCollege

structure

regulate

Constitutional Compromises (pages 56–58)

What two arguments resulted in the Electoral College

Compromise?

Before you read this selection, read its title and then skim

the pages to get a general idea of its contents. Then write a

sentence or two describing what you think you will be

learning. After you have finished reading, revise your

statements as necessary.



Federalists

federalism

Anti-Federalists

Approving the Constitution (pages 58–59)



What promise helped get the Constitution ratified?




What plans of government did delegates offer at the Constitutional

Convention?

What compromises were agreed upon by the delegates?


survive

react



The Structure of theConstitution(Pages 82–87)


• How is the Constitution organized?

• What do the three parts of the Constitution accomplish?

As you read pages 82–87 in your textbook, complete this chart by listing impor-

tant features of the U.S. Constitution.

Preamble: Articles:

The U. S.Constitution

Amendments:

As you read, think about the value of the information

described in the Constitution. Evaluate whether the infor-

mation presented in the Constitution is based on facts or

on opinion. Then write a sentence or two describing your

evaluation.


Identify the root and the suffix of each of the following

academic vocabulary words. Use a dictionary if necessary.

root: __________________________________________________________

suffix: ________________________________________________________

root: __________________________________________________________

suffix: ________________________________________________________

What is the main purpose of the U.S. Constitution?


adaptable

Preamble

involving

The Constitution and Its Parts (pages 82–85)

As you read, write three details about the Amendments to

the Constitution. Then write a conclusion on the basis of

these details.

1.

2.

3.




amendment

Conclusion

income tax

Bill of Rights

source

amend

Amending the Constitution (pages 85–86)

Why are amendments to the Constitution necessary?

As you read, write four questions about the main ideas

presented in the selection. After you have finished reading,

write the answers to these questions.

1.

2.

3.


Interpreting the Constitution (pages 86–87)

4.

Match each of the following academic terms with the

sentence(s) it best fits.

clause investigate

1. It is not the job of the vice president to ______________________ the

president.

2. This ______________________ in the contract states that we have full

responsibility.

3. We will ________________________ this issue immediately.

Use each of these terms that you studied earlier in a

sentence that reflects the term’s meaning.

What type of powers does the necessary and proper clause

give to Congress?


document(Chapter 2, section 1)

ratify(Chapter 2, Section 3)




How is the Constitution organized?

What do the three parts of the Constitution accomplish?




Principles Underlying theConstitution(Pages 89–93)


• How is power distributed in the U.S. government?

• What principles of government are contained in the U.S. Constitution?

As you read pages 89–93 in your textbook, complete the graphic organizer to

describe the five principles included in the U.S. Constitution.

U.S. Constitution

Popular Sovereignty

Rule of Law

Separation of Powers

Checks and Balances

Federalism

As you read, complete the following sentences. Doing so

will help you summarize the section.

1. The delegates held the common vision that the government should

represent the ___________________ and have a ___________________

scope.

2. Provisions in the Constitution protecting popular sovereignty include

the citizens’ right to _______________________ , which decides who

becomes a _____________________ in Congress.



lesson.

Use each of these terms that you studied earlier in a sen-

tence that reflects the term’s meaning.


popularsovereignty

achieve

ensure

similar(Chapter 2, Section 1)

representativedemocracy

(Chapter 1, Section 1)

Popular Sovereignty (pages 89–90)

What is a republic?

Scan this section for information about the rule of law.

Then write two facts about its purpose and to whom it

applies in the United States.

1.

2.




rule of law

federal

specify

Rule of Law (page 90)

As you read, complete the chart with information about

the separation of powers, and checks and balances in the

United States government.


separation ofpowers

checks andbalances



lesson.

1. List two reasons for dividing 1.the government into three branches:

2.

1. Who influenced the Framers? 1.

2. What did this person believe? 2.

1. Why did the Constitution 1.include a system of checks and balances?

function

contrary

Separation of Powers, Checks and Balances (pages 91–92)

Use each of these terms that you studied earlier in a sen-

tence that reflects the term’s meaning.

Why did the Framers divide the government into three

branches?

Complete this outline as you read:

I. Federalism

A. __________________________________________________________

B. __________________________________________________________

II. Dividing Power

A. __________________________________________________________

B. __________________________________________________________

C. __________________________________________________________

III. The Supremacy of the Constitution

A. __________________________________________________________

B. __________________________________________________________

C. __________________________________________________________

D. __________________________________________________________


government(Chapter 1, Section 1)

authority(Chapter 1, Section 1)

Federalism (pages 92–93)




If a state law conflicts with a federal law, which law is

considered supreme?


concurrentpowers

reservedpowers

expressedpowers

overlap

symbol




How is power distributed in the U.S. government?

What principles of government are contained in the U.S. Constitution?




The First Amendment(Pages 98–101)


• How does the First Amendment protect five basic freedoms?

• What are the limits to First Amendment freedoms?

As you read pages 98–101 in your textbook, complete this chart by listing the

freedoms guaranteed by the First Amendment, along with the limitations to

those freedoms.

First Amendment

Freedoms Limitations

Complete the following outline as you read.

I. Freedom of Religion

A. __________________________________________________________

B. __________________________________________________________

C. __________________________________________________________

II. Freedom of Speech

A. __________________________________________________________

B. __________________________________________________________

C. __________________________________________________________

III. Freedom of the Press

A. __________________________________________________________

B. __________________________________________________________

C. __________________________________________________________

IV. Freedom of Assembly

A. __________________________________________________________

B. __________________________________________________________

V. Freedom to Petition

A. __________________________________________________________

B. __________________________________________________________



civil liberties

First Amendment Freedoms (pages 98–100)


Define this term you have studied in an earlier chapter.

What freedoms does the First Amendment protect?

As you read, connect an event told in the news media or

from your own experience that reveals a way in which

another person’s or group’s rights were limited. Be sure to

include the way in which the action limited the rights of

others.


civil

petition

censorship

prohibit

Limits to First Amendment (page 101)

democracy(Chapter 1, Section 1)


Define the following academic vocabulary word from this

lesson.

Why are your First Amendment rights limited?




How does the First Amendment protect five basic freedoms?

What are the limits to First Amendment freedoms?


libel

slander

individual



Other Guarantees in the Bill of Rights(Pages 103–107)


• How does the Bill of Rights protect the rights of the accused?

• What other rights and freedoms are guaranteed by the Bill of Rights?

As you read pages 103–107 in your textbook, complete this web diagram by list-

ing the rights guaranteed by Amendments 2–10 of the Bill of Rights.

Amendments

2–10

As you read, complete the following sentences. Doing so

will help you summarize the section.

1. The _____________________ Amendment protects people accused of

crimes by guaranteeing them a trial by jury.

2. An accused person’s right to remain silent is protected by the

__________________________ Amendment.

3. The __________________ Amendment protects the accused person by

allowing him or her to pay _______________________ and remain free

until the case is heard.

4. As stated in the _______________________ Amendment, enforcement

officers who believe a person has committed a crime must have a

judge issue a search warrant in order to search that person’s home.



searchwarrant

grand jury

indictment

doublejeopardy

due process

Protecting the Rights of the Accused (pages 103–106)


lesson.

Which amendment protects a person accused of a crime

from double jeopardy?

As you read, write three questions about the main ideas

presented in the text. After you have finished reading,

write the answers to these questions.

1.


scenario

bail

eminentdomain

specific

Protecting Other Rights (pages 106–107)

2.

3.

Define or describe this term from the lesson.



What is the purpose of the Tenth Amendment?


manumission

guarantee

license




How does the Bill of Rights protect the rights of the accused?

What other rights and freedoms are guaranteed by the Bill of Rights?




Extending the Bill of Rights(Pages 109–112)


• How were the Civil War amendments intended to extend civil liberties to

African Americans?

• How did the Seventeenth, Nineteenth,Twenty-third,Twenty-fourth, and

Twenty-sixth Amendments extend voting rights in the United States?

As you read pages 109–112 in your textbook, complete this graphic organizer by

explaining the Civil War amendments.

Civil War Amendments

Preview the section to get an idea of what is ahead. First

skim the section. Then write a sentence or two explaining

what you think you will be learning. After you have fin-

ished reading, revise your statements as necessary.



lesson.

How did the Nineteenth Amendment expand suffrage?


suffrage

poll tax

violate

previous

Protecting All Americans (pages 109–112)




How were the Civil War amendments intended to extend civil liberties to

African Americans?

How did the Seventeenth, Nineteenth,Twenty-third,Twenty-fourth, and

Twenty- sixth Amendments extend voting rights in the United States?




The Civil Rights Struggle(Pages 113–115)


• Why did African Americans begin the struggle for civil rights?

• What gains did the Civil Rights movement win?

As you read pages 113–115 in your textbook, complete the diagram by filling in

key laws achieved by the Civil Rights movement.

Key Civil Rights Legislation

As you read, put yourself in the shoes of an African

American during the first half of the twentieth century.

Consider what it was like to have to use separate hotels

and to be denied constitutional rights. Then write two or

three sentences about your interpretation of this

experience.



segregation

discrimination

civil rights

Background of the Struggle (pages 113–115)

Circle the letter of the word(s) that has the closest mean-

ing to the underlined word in each sentence. Refer to a

dictionary if necessary.

1. In 1909 a group of African Americans and whites founded the National

Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

a. stopped b. established c. worked with

2. The association worked mainly through the courts to challenge laws

and customs that denied African Americans their constitutional rights.

a. object to b. write c. understand

Scan the section to get an idea of what you are about to

read. Then consider what you read on the previous pages

to help you make an educated guess about the contents in

this selection. Next write a sentence or two explaining

your prediction.



challenge

founded

affirmativeaction

racialprofiling

Ongoing Challenges (page 115)

Identify the root and the suffix of each of the following

academic vocabulary words. Refer to a dictionary if

necessary.

root: __________________________________________________________

suffix: ________________________________________________________

root: __________________________________________________________

suffix: ________________________________________________________

How did Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. hope to change unfair

laws?




Why did African Americans begin the struggle for civil rights?

What gains did the Civil Rights movement win?


discrimination

controversial

Documents

Chapter 3, Section 1 The Road to the Constitutioncoachbrown10.wikispaces.com/file/view/ANTG+Ch+3-4+Civics.pdf/...The Road to the Constitution (Pages 52–54) ... Principles Underlying