Chapter 29

Eisenhower: Moderate Republican

Section 1: The Republicans Return

Election of 1952Eisenhower’s PresidencyNew Foreign PolicyThe War in IndochinaMeeting at the Summit

Biography of Eisenhower

Election of 1952--Democrats

Democrats had been in office for the last 20 years

Korean War InflationChinaAdlai Stevenson

Election of 1952--Republicans

Republicans chose Eisenhower Nickname Promised to end the war in Korea Won the Presidency easily

President Eisenhower’s Win

Eisenhower’s Presidency

CharacteristicsJohn Foster DullesDemobilizationMassive Retaliation

H- Bomb Explodes

Brinkmanship

DefinitionBenefitsDangers

War in Indochina (1st)

Three CountriesOther NamesHo Chi MinhFrench vs. Communist VietnameseUS’s actionsGeneva Conference

The Division of Vietnam

Divided into two in 1954Northern half would be CommunistSouthern half would be free under the

former emperor Bao Dai.

First Indochina War Video Clip

Pactomania

DefinitionSEATOMETO

Meeting at the Summit

Stalin dies in 1953Nikita KhrushchevPeaceful coexistence

Video Clip of Khrushchev

Spy Planes

US wanted to inspect other countries from the air.

Soviet Union rejected itUS sent spy planes anywayU2

Everybody’sNew Deal

Chapter 29

Section 2

Section 2

Dynamic Conservatism Reduce Government Activities Public vs. Private Power The Farm Problem Fall of McCarthy Election of 1956

Dynamic Conservatism

• Democratic Fears• Liberal towards people• Conservative about spending public money• Continue New Deal programs• Attempt to move the federal government out

of other areas

Reducing Government Activities

Budget Taxes Government Control Compromise of Oil Deposits

Public vs. Private Power

Dams in Idaho– President supported

private ownership

The TVA– Kept it owned by the

federal government but from getting any larger

The Farm Problem

Overproduction Farmers vs. Output Benson Agricultural Act “Soil Bank Plan” Results of these efforts

The Moderate Republican

Social Security Minimum wage Other Programs HEW—Dept of Health, Education and

Welfare Oveta Culp Hobby

The Fall of McCarthy

Suspension of government employees McCarthy’s accusations Televised Hearings Censure—a formal reprimand

The Election of 1956

Eisenhower and Nixon (R) vs. Stevenson and Kefauver (D)

Eisenhower won easily due to his popularity and the nation’s prosperity

However, the Republicans lost to the Democrats in both houses of Congress because the people favored democratic policies.

Chapter 29 Section 3

The Declaration of IndependenceEnacted: July 4, 1776

“We hold these truths to be self evident:That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness…”

Second-Class Citizens

Under the Jim Crow Laws, many different things were segregated:

• water fountains

• restaurants

• bathrooms

• movie theaters

• even cemeteries!

Plessy vs. Ferguson

• Ruling: Separate but equal is constitutional

• Thurgood Marshall

So, What & Who Lit the Modern Civil Rights Movement Match?

• 1954 ~ U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Brown vs. Board of Education

• 1955 ~ Rosa Parks

The South Resists

• “Southern Manifesto”—document protesting the Brown vs. Board decision

• They would use “massive resistance” against it.

Southern states oppose the Brown vs. Board of Education decision

Central High SchoolOrval Faubus“Little Rock Nine”

“I Have a Dream…”

• Who: Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

• What: Non-violent, motivational protest speech

• When: August 28, 1963• Where: Washington D.C.• Attendance: 250,000

people• Event called: March on

Washington D.C.

After the 1950s….

• Freedom Riders of 1961

• James Meredith 1962

• Civil Rights Act of 1964

• Malcolm X is assassinated 1965

• Black Panthers 1966

• Voting Rights Act

Difficulties AbroadSection 4

Mrs. Hauber

Coexistence “Peaceful Coexistence” East Berlin and Hungary

Problems in the Middle East 1952 Egypt

became independent

1954--Gamal Abdel Nassar

Israel

War Between Israel and Egypt War between Israel and Egypt over Suez

Canal Soviet Involvement Britain and France’s involvement US does not help UN Resolution

Developing Missiles Robert Goddard V-2 Rocket Operation

Paperclip

E. Sputnik First satellite to orbit

the earth Launched by Russia

on October 4, 1957 Sputnik Sputnik II—sent a dog

“Laika” into space

Vanguard Rocket

First US rocket Was a failure 2 months later

Explorer I orbited the earth

National Defense Education Act The government paid

people to go to college for Math or Science

We needed people to help the NASA Program

NASA National Aeronautics and Space

Administration established in 1958 US Space Program

More Problems in the Middle East

Nassar had ties to Soviet Union Importance of oil Eisenhower Doctrine Actions of US and British forces

Easing Tensions Goodwill Tour Eisenhower and

Khrushchev exchange visits

Settled their Berlin issue through negotiations

Eisenhower Steps Down Warned Americans that they had to be

prepared with vast military forces and enormous factories

Retired to Gettysburg, PA Next President : JFK