Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life

2-2 PROPERTIES OF WATER

The Water Molecule How is water neutral?

KeyC#1: Why are water molecules polar? Uneven distribution of

electrons between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms.

Oxygen (-)

Hydrogen (+)

Let’s draw!

Why are polar molecules attracted to each other?

What is the difference between COHESION and ADHESION?

What are some examples of each?

http://ed.ted.com/lessons/how-polarity-makes-water-behave-strangely-christina-kleinberg#watch

Solutions and Suspensions What is a mixture? Give me

some examples of mixtures.

What is a solution?

Solute is diLUTEd Solvent is the disSOLVEr Suspensions: materials that do

not dissolve but are suspended (i.e. blood)

Acids, Bases, and pH What is the range of the

pH scale?

What is an acid?

What is a base?

What is a buffer? What is the pH of pure water? Explain.

Chapter 2The Chemistry of Life

2-3 CARBON COMPOUNDS

The Chemistry of Carbon

Why is carbon important?

Macromolecules

What is a macromolecule?

How are they formed?

KeyC#1: What are the functions of each group of organic compounds?CarbohydratesLipidsNucleic AcidsProteins

Carbohydrates

Composition: 1:2:1 ratio of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.

Function: used for energy and structure

Simple sugars are called…

Complex sugars are called…

Lipids

Composition: mostly carbon and hydrogen atoms (glycerol molecule + fatty acid, fig. 2-14)

Function: energy storage; waterproof membranes Ex. Cell Membrane

What does it mean when a lipid is saturated or unsaturated?

Nucleic Acids Composition: H, O, N, C,

and P; polymers of nucleotides

What is a nucleotide?

Function: store and transmit genetic information

What are the two kinds of nucleic acids?

Proteins Composition: N, C, H and O;

polymers of amino acids.

Function: reaction rates, cell processes, form muscles and bones, transportation, fight disease……

What makes amino acids different from one another?

How are proteins organized?