Chapter 2 Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

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Republic of the Philippines

NEGROS ORIENTAL STATE UNIVERSITY

Main Campus I, Dumaguete City

College of Education

CHAPTER II

Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

To acquire clarity on the study being conducted, the data was processed for

presentation, analysis and interpretation were introduced below.

1. Does the feeding activity of spiders as biological agent’s displays effectiveness

towards suppression of the number of insect pest in plants?

The table shows the feeding activity of the selected species of spiders which

were placed in four different set ups observed for five (5) days for 24 hours in six (6)

hour interval. Each cage has two spiders which were also fed with the same number

(15) of different kinds of insects which includes three (3) leaf worms, five (5) short

Species

No. of

Spider/s

per cage

No. of

Insects per

cage

No. of

Insects

Survival

per cage

No. of

Insects

Dead per

cage

% Insects

Mortality

per cage

Argiope sp.

Gasteracantha

sp.

Neoscona sp.

Heteropoda sp.

2

2

2

2

15

15

15

15

6

9

8

4

9

6

7

11

60

40

47

73

Table 1 Summary of the Feeding Activity of Spiders







25

horned grasshoppers, four (4) aphids and four (4) mealy bugs. The number of

surviving insects per cage was obtained by calculating the difference of between the

total insect and the total number of dead insects per cage. On the other hand, the

dead insects were obtained by adding all the insects that were eaten by the spiders

within the 5 days experiment (refer to Appendix A). Moreover, percent (%) morality

was obtained by dividing the number of dead insects by the total number of insects

per cage.

The data from the Table 1 shown above that the Heteropoda sp. has the

highest feeding capacity as compared to the other three spider species with the

mortality rate of 73%. In contrast, the Gasteracantha sp. has lowest feeding capacity

with mortality rate of 40 %.

It has been inferred that spider are capable of minimizing he number of insect

pest that are destructive to plants based on the results that was obtained. The Argiope

sp., Gasteracantha sp. and Neoscona sp. may not have as high mortality rate of

insect as compared to the spider in the terrarium since they are web building spiders

and the insects that we administer for each cage were crawling insect pest.

Definitely, Heteropoda sp. (crab spider) are ambush predators and because of that,

they can feed much more insect as compared to web building spiders.

2. Is there a significant difference on the number of spiders used and the number of

insect pest being killed or eaten?

Table 2 T-test for Two-Sample Assuming Unequal Variances







26

Group Set up Mean St. Dev. P- value Verbal

Description

No. of Spiders

No. of Insects

2

15

6.5

6.5

0.0055

0.011

Reject H₀

Accept Hₐ

Base on the data above, as computed in the Microsoft Excel using t-test: two-

sample assuming unequal variance. The Hₒ states that there is no significant

difference on the number of spider species used and the number of insect pest being

killed or eaten while the Hₐ states that there is a significant difference on the number

of spider species used and the number of insect pest being killed or eaten. If the P

value is less than alpha (0.05), reject Hₒ and if p -Value is greater than alpha (0.05),

accept Hₒ. The p-Value that was obtained was 0.005 which is less than alpha (0.05)

and so we reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis. Therefore,

there is a significant difference on the number of spider species used and the number

of insect pest being killed or eaten.

3. What is the average feeding capacity of each selected species of spiders on the

insects that were administered?

Table 3 Average insect feeding capacity for each species of spider.

Spider Species No. of Insect Killed Average Insect Eaten

per Day







27

Table 3 shows the feeding capacity of each selected species of spiders and the type of

insect pest that they feed on. Argiope sp. having an average insect eaten per feeding capacity

of 1.4 and Heteropoda sp. has the highest average feeding capacity of insects being eaten

per day. Therefore the highest feeding capacity was Heteropoda sp. has an average of insect

being eaten per day was 2.2.

4. What genera of spiders have the highest capacity of feeding on the pest in order to

decrease its number?

Figure 12Feeding trends in four species of spiders for five days observation.

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Day 1 Day 2 Day Day 4 Day 5

A

B

C

D

Argiope sp.

Gasteracantha sp.

Neoscona sp.

Heteropoda sp.

9

6

7

11

1.8

1.2

1.4

2.2







28

Table 4 Feeding capacity of each selected spiders ranked based on the number of dead

insects found killed or eaten on each cage set up.

Set Up Number of

Spiders

Number of

Dead Insects

Rank Percent (%)

Heteropoda sp.

Argiope sp.

Neoscona sp.

Gasteracantha sp.

2

2

2

2

11

9

7

6

1

2

3

4

100.00

66.60

33.30

0.00

Using Microsoft Office Professional Plus 2010 sp2VL RTL (Excel) for data analysis,

the spiders were ranked according to the highest mortality rate of insects found in each

cage containing the spiders. The species of spiders used were: Argiope sp., Gasteracantha

sp., Neoscona sp. and Heteropoda sp. As manifested in Table 4.1, the spider that has the

highest feeding capacity was Heteropoda sp. It consumed a total of eleven numbers of

insects within five days. In contrast, the lowest feeding capacity on the four genera of

spiders was Gasteracantha sp. It consumes only a total of six (6) numbers of insects.

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Chapter 2 Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data