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CONFIGURING A NETWORK OS
Chapter 2
Intro to Routing & Switching
OBJECTIVESUpon completion of this chapter you will be able to: Explain the purpose of Cisco IOS. Explain how to access and navigate Cisco IOS to
configure network devices. Describe the command structure of Cisco IOS software. Configure hostnames on a Cisco IOS device using the
CLI. Use Cisco IOS commands to limit access to device
configurations. Use Cisco IOS commands to save the running
configuration. Explain how devices communicate across network
media. Configure a host device with an IP address. Verify connectivity between two end devices.
BUSINESS NETWORK
CISCO IOS
2.1.1
IOS Cisco Internetwork Operating System
(IOS)On all Cisco devices
Stored on flash/flash memory cardNon-volatileStays w/out powerCan be overwritten & upgraded
When powered, copied from flash & runs in RAM
ACCESSING THE IOS Take a look at the router
How do you think we can access the IOS?
ACCESSING THE IOS
2.1.2
CONSOLE PORT Out-of-band management
Means direct maintenance access only Can access when nothing is configured
yet Need a computer w/ terminal emulation
software & console cable Assign a password to it!
TELNET, SSH, AUX Telnet
Remote accessPlain-text passwordOne active interface must be configured
Secure Shell (SSH)Remote access w/ encryption
Aux PortOut-of-band connection/maintenanceUses telephone lineCan be used like console port
ACTIVITY
REVIEW What does IOS stand for?
Internetwork Operating System Where is the IOS stored on a Cisco
router & switch? In flash memory
When a router or switch boots up, it loads the IOS from where to where?Flash to RAM
What port will you most likely connect to for 1st time config & direct maintenance?Console
NAVIGATING THE IOS
2.1.3
USER & PRIVILEGED MODES
GLOBAL CONFIG MODE
GETTING BETWEEN MODES Router> enable (en) Router# configure terminal (config t) Router (config)# interface xxx (int) Router (config-if)# Router (config-line)#exit (goes back one
mode) Ctrl+Z or end= takes back to privileged Switch# disable (goes back to user)
REVIEW
OOPS…I MADE A MISTAKE
SHORTCUTS Tab - Completes the remainder of a partially typed
command or keyword Ctrl-R - Redisplays a line Ctrl-A – Moves cursor to the beginning of the line Ctrl-Z - Exits configuration mode and returns to user
EXEC Down Arrow - Allows the user to scroll forward through
former commands Up Arrow - Allows the user to scroll backward through
former commands Ctrl-Shift-6 - Allows the user to interrupt an IOS process
such as ping or traceroute. Ctrl-C - Aborts the current command and exits the
configuration mode Enter- displays next line Space bar- displays next page
SHOW COMMANDS Provide info only Different commands in different modes
show startup-config (show start)Displays the saved configuration located in
NVRAM. show running-config (show run)
Displays the contents of the currently running configuration file.
SHOW VERSION
LABS 2.1.4.8
Navigating the IOSPacket Tracer
2.1.4.9Establishing a Console Session with Tera
Term
NOTES ON TERMINAL EMULATION What are the settings in a terminal
emulation program to access the CLI?
REVIEW
GETTING BASIC
2.2.1
WHAT WE’LL DO… Create a two PC network connected via
a switch
Setting a name for the switch
Limiting access to the device configuration
Configuring banner messages
Saving the configuration
HOSTNAMES What are the default hostnames?
CONFIGURE HOSTNAME Must be in privileged mode
LIMIT ACCESS TO DEVICE Secure location Set passwords
END OF DAY 3
PASSWORD TIPS We’ll use cisco & class
Use passwords that are more than 8 characters
Use combination of upper & lowercase letters, numbers, special characters
Avoid using the same password for all devices
Avoid using common words such as password or administrator
END OF DAY 3
SET PASSWORDS In Packet Tracer, complete:
Privileged enable password (cisco)Privileged enable secret password (class)Console password (cisco)VTY password (cisco)Banner MOTDEncrypt all passwords
Then verify all passwords are encrypted by show run
SAVING CONFIGURATIONS
2.2.3
CONFIGURATION FILES
LAB 2.2.3.3 Configuring a Switch You will perform basic switch
configurations.You will secure access to the command-line
interface (CLI) and console ports using encrypted and plain text passwords.
You will also learn how to configure messages for users logging into the switch. These banners are also used to warn unauthorized users that access is prohibited.
ACTIVITY
REVIEW What mode do you need to be in to
make configuration changes?
If you erase the startup-config, what else will you need to do in order to return the device to factory default?
ADDRESSING SCHEMES
2.3
IP ADDRESSING All end devices have an IP address IPv4- 192.168.10.25 255.255.255.0
4 octets0-255 in eachSubnet mask is included with it
HOME NETWORK
CONFIGURE SWITCH ADDRESS Virtual interface Allows remote access
LAB 2.3.2.5
You will first perform basic switch configurations. Then you will implement basic connectivity
by configuring IP addressing on switches and PCs.
When the IP addressing configuration is complete, you will use various show commands to verify configurations and use the ping command to verify basic connectivity between devices.
TESTING Ping
Remote device or device you connect to PC to switch PC to PC
127.0.0.1 tests TCP/IP on you
END OF DAY 4
LAB Build & configure a small network in
Packet Tracer
Configure a switch & test it
REVIEW & STUDY Complete the study guide handout
Take the quiz on netacad.com
Jeopardy review
SUMMARYIn this chapter, you learned: Services provided by the Cisco IOS
accessed using a CLI• Accessed by the console port, the AUX
port, or through telnet or SSH• Can make configuration changes to Cisco
IOS devices• A network technician must navigate
through various hierarchical modes of the IOS
Cisco IOS routers & switches use a similar IOS
SUMMARY Introduced the initial settings of a Cisco
IOS switch device• Setting a name• Limiting access to the device configuration• Configuring banner messages • Saving the configuration
CONFIGURING A NETWORK OS
Chapter 2
Intro to Routing & Switching
