Chapter 16Chapter 16Fertilization and PregnancyFertilization and Pregnancy

Question of the Day?Question of the Day?

1.1. What do you think it would be like to be What do you think it would be like to be pregnant now or to be a father now?pregnant now or to be a father now?

2.2. What do you think it would be like to be What do you think it would be like to be pregnant or to be a father in a loving pregnant or to be a father in a loving marriage?marriage?

Fertilization and Fertilization and ImplantationImplantation

23 chromosomes from sperm23 chromosomes from sperm 23 chromosomes from egg23 chromosomes from egg 15 min. to 1 hour for sperm to reach egg.15 min. to 1 hour for sperm to reach egg. Egg divides until it reaches uterus.Egg divides until it reaches uterus. It takes 4 days for the egg to reach the It takes 4 days for the egg to reach the

uterus.uterus. Fertilized egg implants itself into the uterine Fertilized egg implants itself into the uterine

wall.wall. Implantation: process of the embryo being Implantation: process of the embryo being

completely buried in the wall of the uterus.completely buried in the wall of the uterus.

Mother to BabyMother to Baby PlacentaPlacenta

Structure that allows the baby to get the Structure that allows the baby to get the nutrients it needs from the mother.nutrients it needs from the mother.

The placenta is attached by umbilical cord.The placenta is attached by umbilical cord. Anything the mother ingests travels Anything the mother ingests travels

through umbilical cord to baby.through umbilical cord to baby. Amniotic SacAmniotic Sac

Watery substance that helps protect the Watery substance that helps protect the baby.baby.

Placenta and Umbilical Placenta and Umbilical CordCord

Determining PregnancyDetermining Pregnancy Urine TestUrine Test

Looks for hormone HCG (Human Looks for hormone HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotopin)Chorionic Gonadotopin)

Over-the-counter pregnancy tests.Over-the-counter pregnancy tests.

Missed periodMissed period Other factors that might cause a Other factors that might cause a

missed period are stress and illness.missed period are stress and illness.

11stst Trimester Trimester1-3 months1-3 monthsEnd of 3End of 3rdrd month month

Baby’s WeightBaby’s Weight• Almost 1 ounceAlmost 1 ounce

Baby’s LengthBaby’s Length• 2.5-3 inches2.5-3 inches

Week 6Week 62-4 mm long2-4 mm long

Week 7Week 74-5 mm long4-5 mm longSize of BB Size of BB

pelletpellet

Week 8Week 812-20 mm long12-20 mm longSize of pinto Size of pinto

beanbean

Week 9Week 9 22-30 mm long22-30 mm long Size of medium Size of medium

green olivegreen olive

Week 11Week 11 44-60 mm long44-60 mm long Size of large limeSize of large lime

11stst Trimester Trimester ContinuedContinued

Development of BabyDevelopment of Baby Brain EnlargementBrain Enlargement Arms and legs formingArms and legs forming Heart and blood systems fully functioningHeart and blood systems fully functioning Digestive system formingDigestive system forming

Development in MomDevelopment in Mom Morning sicknessMorning sickness Weight gain 0-5 poundsWeight gain 0-5 pounds

22ndnd Trimester Trimester4-6 months4-6 monthsEnd of 6End of 6thth month month

Baby’s WeightBaby’s Weight

• 2 pounds2 pounds Baby’s LengthBaby’s Length

• 9 inches9 inches

22ndnd Trimester Trimester ContinuedContinued

Development of BabyDevelopment of Baby Skin begins to growSkin begins to grow Fine hair covers baby (like Fine hair covers baby (like

monkey)monkey) Fingernails are formingFingernails are forming Ears are moving back into Ears are moving back into

positionposition

22ndnd Trimester Trimester ContinuedContinued

Development in MomDevelopment in MomStarts to look pregnantStarts to look pregnantWeight gain 16-22 lbs.Weight gain 16-22 lbs.Adjusted hormonesAdjusted hormonesFeels baby moveFeels baby move

33rdrd Trimester Trimester 7-9 months7-9 months End of 9End of 9thth month month

Baby’s WeightBaby’s Weight• 7.5 pounds on average7.5 pounds on average

Baby’s LengthBaby’s Length• 14-15 inches14-15 inches• 21 inches by the end of 921 inches by the end of 9thth

monthmonth

33rdrd Trimester Trimester ContinuedContinued

Development of BabyDevelopment of Baby Mouth can open, Mouth can open,

close and swallowclose and swallow Eyes can open and Eyes can open and

closeclose Organs are fully Organs are fully

formed by 9formed by 9thth month month

33rdrd Trimester Trimester ContinuedContinued

Development in MomDevelopment in MomFrequent urinationFrequent urinationCan’t eat large mealsCan’t eat large mealsBalance compromisedBalance compromisedEmotionalEmotionalWeight gain 25-35 poundsWeight gain 25-35 pounds

Prenatal CarePrenatal CareRegular doctors Regular doctors

visitsvisitsMonthlyMonthlyWeeklyWeekly

Ultra soundUltra sound

Medicines, Drugs and Medicines, Drugs and PregnancyPregnancy

All medicines and All medicines and drugs pose a threat to drugs pose a threat to the baby.the baby.

Increased birth Increased birth defects with use.defects with use. Premature birthPremature birth Low birth weightLow birth weight

Weight DistributionWeight Distribution BabyBaby 7-8 lbs.7-8 lbs. PlacentaPlacenta 1-2 lbs.1-2 lbs. UterusUterus 2 lbs.2 lbs. Amniotic fluidAmniotic fluid 1 ½-4 lbs.1 ½-4 lbs. BreastsBreasts 1-3 lbs.1-3 lbs. Blood volumeBlood volume 2 ½-3 lbs.2 ½-3 lbs. FatFat 3 lbs. or more3 lbs. or more Lean body massLean body mass 2 lbs.2 lbs. Tissue fluidTissue fluid 5 lbs. or more5 lbs. or more

TotalTotal 24-35 lbs.24-35 lbs.