Chapter 11 Test Review

Chapter 11 Test Review

1. Where were most of the nation’s early factories located and why?

Northeast; swift-moving rivers, families willing to work in factories, ships and access to ocean for shipping


2. Why did the “Lowell girls” keep working in the early years at the Lowell mills despite the deafening noise and long hours?

High paying job, and most married after only a few years


3. How did Eli Whitney’s invention of the interchangeable part transform

manufacturing?

allowed the mass production of parts that were exactly alike


4. What did Samuel F.B. Morse invent and what did it do?

Telegraph; allowed people to communicate quickly over long distances


5. How did the telegraph, the steam-powered locomotive, and the steamboat unite the different regions of the country?

faster communication and transportation created a stronger bond between the regions as trade and interdependence increased


6. What body of water connected the Hudson River and Lake Erie?

Erie Canal


7. By 1841, what two cities did the National (Cumberland) Road connect?

Cumberland, Maryland and Vandalia, Illinois


8. What did Eli Whitney invent in 1793 and how did it change the south?

Cotton Gin; expanded slavery, southerners grew more cotton, triggered westward expansion


9. In what ways did the cotton gin affect Native Americans?

Native Americans lost more land as cotton plantations expanded


10. In 1840, what percentage of African Americans in the south were free

8%


11. What percentage of white families in the south owned slaves in 1840?

Approximately 30%


12. In what ways did slaves depend on spirituals?

Expression of religious beliefs, communicate in coded messages


13. Who was Nat Turner and for what is he best known?

Slave and preacher who, along with 70 other slaves, was

responsible for leading a bloody slave revolt known as “Turner’s Rebellion”


14. What was the name of the plan to make the United States economically self-sufficient?

“American System”


15. What was the reason for the close bond that developed between the Midwest and Northeast

Trade in agricultural and manufactured products


16. How did the growth of the textile mills in the Northeast affect the demand for crops in the South?

Demand for cotton increased as textile mills production capacities increased


17. How did the Supreme Court’s rulings in McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Ogden affect the national

government?

Strength of the Federal Government increased


18. What was the court’s decision in McCulloch v. Maryland?

States were prohibited from taxing a national bank


19. What was the court’s decision in Gibbons v. Ogden?

Only the Federal Government could regulate interstate commerce


20. What did Southern slaveholders do to try and control free African

Americans?

They passed laws severely limiting the rights of free African Americans


21. What two foreign nations did the United States have border disputes with in 1818 and 1819?

Spain and Britain


22. What treaty with Spain gave the United States control of Florida and the Oregon Country?

Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819


23. What were the sectional interests of each of the following?:

South – cotton and slaveryNortheast – manufacturing and

tradeWest – cheap land and good

transportation


24. Which plan allowed slavery to spread to some areas but not to others in order to maintain a balance of power

between slave and free states?

Missouri Compromise of 1820


25. What is sectionalism?

Placing the interests of one’s state or region above the interests of the nation


26. What is nationalism?

A feeling of pride, loyalty, and protectiveness toward one’s country


27. What effectively closed the Americas to further European colonization in

exchange for America’s promise to stay out of European affairs?

The Monroe Doctrine


28. What agreement limited the naval forces of both the United States and Britain in the Great Lakes

Rush-Bagot Agreement of 1817


29. Who did President Monroe send to put a stop to the Seminole raids that

plagued Georgia in the early 1800s

General Andrew Jackson


30. What was Robert Fulton’s contribution to the Industrial Revolution?

The Steamboat, “Clermont”, which could move against the current or strong winds

Chapter 11 Essays

1. The Cotton Gin

o Discuss its Impact on slaveryo Discuss its Impact on cotton productiono Discuss its impact on Native Americanso Discuss its impact on Westward

expansion

Chapter 11 Essays

1. Missouri Compromise

o What was the issue?o What was at stake?o Who suggested the plan?o Who were the players?o How did it resolve the issue

Chapter 11 Essays

1. Lowell Mills

o How did it benefit women?o What was unique about the mill?o How did it impact the South?

Chapter 11 Essays

1. Samuel F.B. Morse

o What did he invent?o How did it work?o What was its impact on the United States?o How was it an improvement?

Documents

Chapter 11 Test Review