Chapter 11

Punctuation

Periods & Other End Marks

• Periods, question marks, and exclamation points are known as end marks because they are used to indicate the end of a sentence.

• Periods have other uses as well.

Periods

• Use a period at the end of a declarative sentence. – A declarative sentence makes a statement.

Ms. Walsh loves to read. Ms. Walsh hopes her students succeed in school.

• Use a period at the end of almost every imperative sentence. – An imperative sentence gives a command. – Some sentences expressing emotion end with

exclamation points.

Stop asking me if you can go get a drink. Stop! Don’t eat that!

Use a period at the end of an indirect question. – An indirect question reports what a person asked

without using the person’s exact words.

Indirect question: The teacher asked if we had all done our homework.

Direct question: Ms. Walsh asked, “Did you all do your homework?”

Question Marks

• Use a question mark at the end of an interrogative sentence. – An interrogative sentence asks a question.

Do you like the book we are reading? Have you seen the movie? You’re from Brookfield, aren’t you?

Exclamation Points

• Use an exclamation point to end an exclamatory sentence. – An exclamatory sentence expresses strong feeling.

What a difficult test!I think I am dying of boredom!

Exclamation Points

Use an exclamation point after an interjection or any other exclamatory expression.

Wow! Tell me more!Oh! I have a great idea!

Other Uses for Periods

Use a period at the end of most abbreviations or after an initial.

Abbreviations:

sec. min.St. in. lb.Thurs. Feb.

Initials:

R.N. B.A. P.M.M.D.

Abbreviations without periods:

CIAVCRCAmphcmmm

Use a period after each number or letter in an outline or list.

Outline

Uses for CodesI. Use in wartime

A. World War IB. World War II

II. Industrial usesA. To protect new methodsB. To protect consumers’ privacy

List

Communication Codes1. Braille2. American Sign Language3. Egyptian hieroglyphics4. Mayan hieroglyphics

Let’s Practice!

What punctuation mark is missing?

Did you ask your parents if it was alright to stay at my house

Stop eating all the cookies

I am so excited for the weekend

You went to school in Ohio, didn’t you

I can’t wait to see my grandparentsthis weekend

I bought a 20 lb turkey for Thanksgiving.

My mom is a RN at a doctor’s office.

Do not drive over 70 mph on the highway.

Don’t forget, we have a meeting on Thurs at 9 AM.