Chapter 1 Matter and Change Table of Contents

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

ResourcesChapter menu

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Matter and Change

Section 1 Chemistry Is a Physical Science !Section 2 Matter and Its Properties !Section 3 Elements



Objectives

• Define chemistry. !

• List examples of the branches of chemistry. !

• Compare and contrast basic research, applied research, and technological development.

Section 1 Chemistry Is a Physical ScienceChapter 1



Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes, and the energy changes that accompany these processes.


End Show

Slide of 27

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Chemistry > What Is Chemistry?

Because living and nonliving things are made of matter, chemistry affects all aspects of life and most natural events

What are three general reasons to study chemistry?

1.1

Chemistry can be useful in explaining the natural world, preparing people for career opportunities, and producing informed citizens.



Visual Concepts

! Click below to watch the Visual Concept.

Visual Concept

Chapter 1

Chemistry

http://my.hrw.com/sh/hc6_003036809x/student/ch01/sec01/vc00/hc601_01_v00fs.htm


End Show

Slide of 27


Chemistry >

Organic chemistry is defined as the study of all chemicals containing carbon.

Branches of Chemistry1.1

1.

End Show

Slide of 27


Chemistry >

Inorganic chemistry is the study of chemicals that, in general, do not contain carbon.

Branches of Chemistry1.1

2. Inorganic chemistry—the study of non-organic substances, many of which have organic fragments bonded to metals (organometallics)

End Show

Slide of 27


Chemistry >

Physical chemistry is the area that deals with the mechanism, the rate, and the energy transfer that occurs when matter undergoes a change.

Areas of Study1.1

3. Physical chemistry - the study of the properties and changes of matter and their relation to energy

End Show

Slide of 27


Chemistry >

Analytical chemistry is the area of study that focuses on the composition of matter.

Areas of Study1.1

4. Analytical chemistry—the identification of the components and composition of materials

End Show

Slide of 27


Chemistry >

The study of processes that take place in organisms is biochemistry.

Areas of Study1.1

5. Biochemistry—the study of substances and processes occurring in living things.

The 4 most common elements in living organisms are C, H, O, N.



!!6. Theoretical chemistry—the use of mathematics and

computers to understand the principles behind observed chemical behavior and to design and predict the properties of new compounds

Branches of Chemistry




• A chemical is any substance that has a definite composition. !• sucrose, C12H22O11 • water, H2O • carbon dioxide, CO2





Visual Concepts


Visual Concept

Chemical

Chapter 1



End Show© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Chemistry >

Slide of 27

Pure and Applied Chemistry

Pure and Applied Chemistry

How are pure and applied chemistry related?

1.1



• Basic Research (or PURE science) is carried out for the sake of increasing knowledge. !

• how and why a specific reaction occurs • what the properties of a substance are • the discovery of Teflon™ !

• Applied Research is generally carried out to solve a problem.

• development of new refrigerants



End Show

Slide of 27


Chemistry > Pure and Applied Chemistry

!

Pure chemistry is the pursuit of chemical knowledge for its own sake.

Applied chemistry is research that is directed toward a practical goal or application.

1.1

End Show

Slide of 27



Pure research can lead directly to an application, but an application can exist before research is done to explain how it works.

1.1

End Show

Slide of 27



Nylon In the early 1930’s, Wallace Carothers produced nylon while researching cotton and silk. A team of scientists and engineers applied Carothers’s research to the commercial production of nylon.

1.1

End Show

Slide of 27



Aspirin

Long before researchers figured out how aspirin works, people used it to relieve pain, and doctors prescribed it for patients who were at risk for a heart attack.

In 1971, it was discovered that aspirin can block the production of a group of chemicals that cause pain and lead to the formation of blood clots. This is an example of pure research.

1.1



• Technological Development typically involves the production and use of products that improve our quality of life.

• computers • catalytic converters in cars • biodegradable materials !

• Basic research, applied research, and technological development often overlap



End Show

Slide of 27



Technology

Technology is the means by which a society provides its members with those things needed and desired.

• Technology allows humans to do some things more quickly or with less effort.

!• There are debates about the risks and

benefits of technology.

1.1



Visual Concepts


Visual Concept

Types of Research

Chapter 1





Top Eight Chemicals Made in the United States


End Show

Slide of 27


>Chemistry Why Study Chemistry?

Being an Informed Citizen

Knowledge of chemistry and other sciences can help you evaluate the data presented, arrive at an informed opinion, and take appropriate action.

1.1

End Show© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide of 27

Section Quiz

-or-Continue to: Launch:

Assess students’ understanding of the concepts in Section

1.1 Section Quiz.

1.1.


Slide of 27

End Show

1. Which of these traditional areas of study mostly involve compounds containing carbon?

(1) organic chemistry (2) inorganic chemistry (3) biochemistry

a. (1) and (2)

b. (1) and (3)

c. (2) and (3)

d. (1), (2), and (3)

1.1 Section Quiz.


Slide of 27

End Show

2. Which phrase best describes applied chemistry?

a. the pursuit of knowledge for its own sake

b. research that answers a general question

c. addresses fundamental aspects of a question

d. research directed toward a practical goal

1.1 Section Quiz.


Slide of 27

End Show

online SELF-CHECK QUIZ FOR SECT. 1.1

TAKE THE FOLLOWING QUIZ. Record your answers. Ask questions for any answer that you do not understand.

CLICK BELOW TO TAKE THE QUIZ. YOU MUST BE IN THE PLAY MODE OF THE SLIDE SHOW.

For Practice:

QUIZ SECTION 1.1 MODERN CHEMISTRY HOLT

For Grade: CLASS QUIZ QUIZ SECTION 1.1 - Chem 1.1 Quiz!

http://my.hrw.com/sh/hc6_003036809x/student/ch01/sec01/hc601_01sq.htm

http://www.quia.com/quiz/3728714.html


Slide of 27

End Show

VIDEOS FOR ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTION

Modern Chemistry - Holt Chapter 1 Matter & Change videoclips - 13 ch. clips!Section 1.1 (1 clip) Chemistry - Definition - 5 types of chemistry out of 6 - organic, inorganic, physical chemistry, analytical chemistry, and biochemistry explained briefly!Click below to watch videoclip.!http://www.brightstorm.com/science/chemistry/introduction-to-chemistry/chemistry-definition/!!What is chemistry? - and 5 of the 6 branches described briefly - 1:58 minutes!!

http://www.brightstorm.com/science/chemistry/introduction-to-chemistry/chemistry-definition/

Documents

Chapter 1 Matter and Change Table of Contents