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Chapter 1Language of Health1Your ResponsibilityDid you read the assigned chapter before coming to class?Did you make appropriate notes?Did you try the Assess Your Knowledge at the beginning of the chapter? Student Learning Outcomes

Student Self-AssessmentWhat wellness goals do you have and how do you hope to achieve them?What factors currently influence your health?Are there any diversity factors that affect your health?What health-related behavior would you like to change?

4Dimensions of WellnessPhysicalEmotionalIntellectualSpiritualSocial EnvironmentalConsider how one dimension of wellness might affect another.How would you rate your health on each of these dimensions?In which dimension is your health currently most affected?

7Self-care involves personal decisions you make regarding your health such as using a condom if you are sexually active, choosing to drive or not drive after drinking and using, and ensuring your vaccinations are all up to date.

Knowing when you need to seek professional medical help is another part of self-care.Uncontrolled bleeding.Persistent symptoms such as a high fever that does not abate, coughing that lasts longer than about 14 days, sores that do not heal, and hoarseness that lasts longer than about 3 weeks.Severe pain, major injuries, and other emergencies.Unusual symptoms such as unexplained lumps, changes in a mole, difficulty swallowing, vision changes, unexplained weight loss, changes in bowel or bladder habits.Reoccurring symptoms such as headaches, stomachaches, and backaches.

Approaches to Health and WellnessHealth PromotionDisease PreventionSelf-TreatmentMedical Intervention

9Health in PerspectiveLongevity has improved in the past 100 years.Leading causes of death have changed. Due to vaccinations, improved sanitation, and advances in knowledge, people can expect to live longer.

Death and Disability70% of all deaths are due to chronic diseases.Chronic diseases kill more than 1.7 million people each year and affect the quality of life of over 90 million people.By improving health-related behavior today, we can postpone or prevent the onset of chronic diseases and improve our quality of life.

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National Health Goals and TrendsThe Healthy People Initiative provides health objectives in a format that that enables diverse groups to combine their efforts and work as a team.The two main goals are:Increase the life expectancy and quality of life of all people.Eliminate health disparities.

Assess YourselfDraw a vertical line for each dimension of wellness and mark a spot on that line evaluating your health in that dimension. You may not choose the middle point you must make a decision!In what ways are you moving toward ever-improving health? Mark these items on the right-hand side of the line.In what ways are you moving away from ever improving health? Mark these items on the left-hand side of the line.Consider all of your behaviors, from eating, smoking, and exercise habits to how well you manage your emotional health, protect yourself from injury and abuse, to stress and sleep management.

Influences on HealthFamily HistoryBehavior PatternsSocial/Peer GroupEnvironmental InfluencesMedia and Societal Influences

Diversity and HealthHealth may be influenced by:Sex and GenderSexual OrientationRaceCultureSocioeconomic Status and EducationDisabilities

Exploring Behavior ChangeDifferent models have been presented to explain how behavior change might be influenced:The Health Belief ModelBehavior Change Requires Perceived SusceptibilityPerceived SeverityPerceived BenefitsPerceived BarriersCues to Action and Self-Efficacy were added later

Exploring Behavior Change contdTranstheoretical/Stages of Change ModelPrecontemplation StageContemplation StagePreparation StageAction StageMaintenance StageTermination Stage

Considering Behavior ChangePeople with an internal locus of control believe they control their own destiny and are more likely to be successful.People with an external locus of control believe their fate is determined by chance or other people and may have less success.

Using a Behavior Change Contract

Confronting Barriers to ChangeLack of adequate planning.Inability to anticipate and plan for obstacles to success.Lack of reinforcement.

Evaluating Your Behavior Change Using SMART ObjectivesIs your objective specific?Is your objective measurable?Is your objective achievable?Is your objective relevant?What is the time plan for all this?

Managing Your HealthBecome an informed consumer.Know how to evaluate health research.Know how to evaluate health information.

27http://www.quackwatch.org/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/spotquack.htmlEvaluating Health Research

Health in the College YearsAccess to Health CareIndividual ConcernsHealth Goals

Responsibility and AccountabilityResponsibilityA sense of ownership of actions and choices.

Whose responsibility is your health and well-being? What responsible actions and choices are you making to insure your health?

Responsibility and Accountability contdAccountabilityThe willingness to be answerable for consequences of actions and choices.

Being accountable for the actions and choices you make relative to your health can be very expensive. In what ways might you have to pay?