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ELECTROMAGNETISM

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DDEVICE IN WHICH MAGNETISM

IS PRODUCEDBY AN ELECTRIC CURRENT

TEMPORARYMAGNETIC

FIELD

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O

P

E

R

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B

O CIRCUIT IS SWITCH ON

P

R

E1

SOFT-IRON IN THESOLENOID BECOMEELECTROMAGNET

ATTRACTS THE SOFT-IRONARMATURE

E2 ATTRACTS THE SOFT-IRONARMATURE

STARTER MOTOR IS

SWITCHED ON

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O

P

E1

E2

VARYING CURRENT PASSTHROUGH THE COIL

B

SOFT IRON BECOMES AN

ELECTROMAGNET WITHVARYING MAGNETIC

FIELD

ELECTROMAGNET

ATTRACTSTHE DIAPHRAGM

DIAPHRAGM VIBRATES ATA FREQUENCY SAME AS

FREQUENCY OF THE

VARYING CURRENT

E2 SOUND WAVE PRODUCE

CONVERTS VARYINGELECTRIC

CURRENTS TOSOUND WAVE

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O

P1

E1

E2

P2

CIRCUIT IS SWITCH ON

SOFT-IRON IN THESOLENOID BECOMEELECTROMAGNET

ATTRACTS THE IRONARMATURE

HAMMER HIT THE BELL

THE MOVEMENT OF THEARMATURE BREAKS

THE CIRCUIT

IRON CORE LOSES ITSMAGNETISME3

R

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SUDDEN SURGE IN THE

CURRENT

IRON IN THESOLENOID BECOMEELECTROMAGNET

IRON BAR IS ATTRACTEDTO ELECTROMAGNET

CIRCUIT BREAKS

O

P

R

E

B

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KONDUKTORPEMBAWA ARUS DLM

MEDAN MAGNET

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FORCE (F)

MAGNETICFIELD (M)

CURRENT (C)

F = FARID

M = MAKANC = COK KODOK

FLEMINGS LEFT-HAND RULE

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O = COOPER ROD

C M

F

K = SWITCH IS PRESSED

A = CURRENT FLOWSTHROUGH

THE COOPER ROD

HA = MOVES TO THERIGHT

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O = COOPER ROD

C M

F

MOVES

K = SWITCH IS PRESSEDA = CURRENT FLOWS

THROUGHTHE COOPER ROD HA = MOVES TO THE

LEFT

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O = COOPER ROD

P= MAGNETIC FIELD OFPERMANENT MAGNETINTERACT MAGNETIC FIELDOF CURRENT-CARRYING

COOPER ROD

E = GIVES RISE TO ANELASTIC MAGNETIC

FIELD

R = ROD MOVES

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O = COOPER ROD

K= MAGNETIC FIELD OFPERMANENT MAGNETINTERACT MAGNETIC FIELDOF CURRENT-CARRYING

COOPER ROD

A = GIVES RISE TO ANELASTIC MAGNETIC

FIELD

HA = ROD MOVES

XMOVE

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DIRECT CURRENTMOTOR

COIL ABCDAT HORIZONTAL

POSITION

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O COIL A B

K1 THE CURRENTFLOWS FROMA TO B

A1 FORCEACTING ONTHE WIRECOIL AB

MOVESDOWNWARDS

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O COIL CD

K2

THE CURRENTFLOWS FROMC TO D

A2 FORCEACTINGON THE WIRECOIL CDMOVESUPWARDS

F

HA COIL ABCDAT VERTICALPOSITION

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O COIL ABCD AT VERTICALPOSITION

K CARBON BRUSH DIDNTTOUCH THE SPACE BETWEENHALVES OF COMMUTATOR

A CUTTING OFF THECURRENT

HA COIL ABCDAT VERTICALPOSITION

HA CONTINUEROTATE BECAUSE OF

INERTIA

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C

D

A

B

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O

P

E

R1

R2

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O

P

E

MAGNET

PUSH INTOSOLENOID

MAGNETIC FLUXOF MAGNET IS CUT

RINDUCED CURRENT

PRODUCED

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O

P

E

MAGNET

STATIONARY

INSIDESOLENOID

NO MAGNETIC FLUXOF MAGNET IS CUT

RNO INDUCEDCURRENTPRODUCED

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O

P

E

MAGNET

PULL OUT OF THESOLENOID

MAGNETIC FLUX

OF MAGNET IS CUT

RINDUCED CURRENTFLOWS IN OPPOSITE

DIRECTION

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O

P

ER

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Ns

Np

NUMBEROF TURNS INSECONDARY

NUMBEROF TURNS INPRIMARY

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