Change AND Continuity Over Time

Rubric• Same as DBQ for thesis (groups and time

period); the global issue is the topic• Evidence – Rule of 3 – include three pieces

of evidence (facts, dates, names, etc) to prove your thesis. These must be discussed and/or analyzed in order to count!!!

• What happened in the world that made this happen. Include something outside of the region.

• How/why was this a change? What happened? What was the process that led to change and how/why did some things STAY THE SAME?

Look closely at the prompt

1. Know that something changed and something stayed the same or they would not have asked the question.

2. Note the topic – formation of national identities.3. Time Period – what is the significance here (hint it has something

to do with war)4. Specific countries in the region – do you know at least 3 countries

in each of the regions? What about empires in the region and time period. If no, learn them before the test.

Regions

Middle East – Egypt, Israel, Iran, Iraq, Turkey

Southeast Asia – Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia

Sub Sahara Africa – Nigeria, Sudan, Ethiopia, Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Africa

Brainstorm

• Acceptable thesis statements need to address both change and continuity, with at least one of each.

• Need to be explicit, not restatements of the prompt or vague statements, such as “there were more changes than continuities.”

• Thesis Musts• Address Prompt• Place/Time• 3 Categories/Groups• 1 Continuity and 2 Changes / 2 Continuities and 1 Change

Thesis

• “From (this date) to (that date), (X) showed changes in (A), yet showed consistency in (B) and (C).”

• “From (this date) to (that date), (X) showed consistency in (A), but showed changes in (B) and (C).”

• “Even though (A) showed changes in (this place) at (this time), (B) and (C) continued to happen.”

• “Even though (A) remained the same in (this place) at (this time), (B) and (C) changed.”

How to Construct the Thesis

Sample Thesis

2012: Analyze continuities and changes in trade networks between Africa and Eurasia from circa 300 CE to 1450 CE.

“From (this date) to (that date), (X) showed consistency in (A), but showed changes in (B) and (C).”

From 300 CE to 1450 CE, trade relations between Africa and Eurasia showed consistency in the basic types of exports and imports as well as the importance of coastal cities, but also

showed changes in the arrival of Islam, the extent and degree of trade, and the rise of new and powerful empires in Eurasia.

• Introduction – Thesis Sentence

• Paragraph 1 – Group 1 (how it changed/continued from beginning to end)

• Paragraph 2 – Group 2 (how it changed/continued from beginning to end)

• Paragraph 3 – Group 3 (how it changed/continued from beginning to end)

• Conclusion (if time)

The Order

Thesis – follow same rules – groups; include time period; answer question; provide broad defining categories about what changed and what stayed the

same over time; include key changing event

What it was (P,S,C,E,Ed, I, T) like at

the beginning?

What were the key

changing phenomena

or events

What was (P,S,C,E,Ed, I, T) like after the

change?

Evidence of what the conditions

were like

Why did the key event occur

(relate to phenomena)

and how did it cause change

What was the same and what was

different as must address continuity

also Now either here or in the

conclusion state how the event

caused changed

Map it out – Outline, tables, graphics

Conclusion and make sure that the issues of the first paragraph are the same as the issues in the last paragraph.

Tips for a CCOT

• The continuities must be substantial, not obvious (Germans remained Germans), nor can change be continuous.

• Provide solid chronological knowledge across the entire time period

• Include dates to demonstrate the ability to describe with some precision when continuity and change happen

• Use the phrase throughout your paper!

• Wrong Regions• Wrong Time periods• Not saying what stays the same• No/little analysis – what did change and why did they

NOT change• Make a global or world connection – mention something

that is happening in another region or something that is worldwide

• Not addressing the question (or all parts of the question)

Common Mistakes

Did someone say they wanted a detailed timeline? See the next slide

• You know who you are…

Foundations-600 B.C.E.

- Neolithic Revolution - Building the Egyptian pyramids- Stonehenge

600 B.C.E.-600 C.E.

- Development of the Silk Road- Foundation of Christianity-Gupta India - Roman Empire -Alexander the Great - Han China- Beginning of the Bantu migrations

600 C.E.-1450 C.E. - Byzantine Empire flourished - Foundation of Islam- Genghis Khan - Mayan Empire rises and falls- Feudalism in Europe - The Shogun appears in Japan- The Crusades - Mansa Musa crosses the Sahara- The Black Plague marches to Europe - Printing is introduced in China

1450 C.E.- 1750 C.E.

- Renaissance - Reformation - The Columbian Exchange- Tokugawa Shogunate in Japan - Scientific Revolution- The Americas are colonized - Qing take control of China- Collapse of Constantinople/est. Ottoman Empire- The Kongo is introduced to Christianity - Triangular Trade

1750 C.E.-1900 C.E.

- The American Revolution - The French Revolution - The Boer War- The Haitian Revolution - Industrial Revolution - Opium War- Meiji Restoration - Boxer Rebellion - Imperialism - Simon Bolivar

1900 C.E.- present - Mao assumes power in China - WWII - Russian Revolution- Eva Peron and Argentina - Great Depression - Cold War- Women gain the right to vote in the U.S. - Vietnam War- Establishment of the U.N. - Armenian massacre

Period: 1750 C.E.-1900 C.E.

Main Ideas• Imperialism and Nation-State Formation• Industrialization and Global Capitalism• Nationalism, Revolution, and Reform• Global Migration

Period: 1750 C.E.-1900 C.E.

Changes• Modern Society emerges from the

Scientific, French, and Industrial Revolutions

• Ability of societies to exercise enormous amounts of control

Period: 1750 C.E.-1900 C.E.

Industrial Revolution and Social Change:• -improved method in farming, scientific

breeding livestock, and fertilizers, steam engine Financial Institutions• -Promote industrial investments through the Stock market, gold standard• -laissez faire economics

Period: 1750 C.E.-1900 C.E.

Social Change:• -change in workers pace, hours, setting, and social

status measured by wealth instead of family position• -cities were crowded and unsanitary• -after 1850s more leisure time, mass production, and

mass consumption Spread to Russia and Japan:• -government support for industry i.e. Trans-Siberian

Railroad• -Meiji Restoration

Period: 1750 C.E.-1900 C.E.Population Revolution:• -migration to cities, drop in birth

rates, and death rates• -environmental problems

arise...industrial waste and human sewage

Changes in Art:• -romanticism, natural selection,

and theory of relativity

Period: 1750 C.E.-1900 C.E.Latin American Trade:• -independence movements and

Monroe Doctrine• -export cash crops Trade with the Islamic World:• -Tanzimat reforms open the Ottomans to western trade Qing China:• -Opium War, Boxer Rebellion, Taiping Rebellion,

western spheres of influence

Period: 1750 C.E.-1900 C.E.Political Revolutions:• -American-seven years war, declaration of

independence, bill of rights• -French-estates general, declaration of rights of man,

reign of terror, Napoleon, congress of Vienna• -Haitian Revolution-Toussaint L'Overture• -Mexican Independence-Hildalgo, Creoles recruited by

Iturbide, becomes republic• -South America-Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martin• -Brazil was bloodless Feminist and Marxist movements

Period: 1750 C.E.-1900 C.E.

Imperialism:• -scramble for colonies in Asia and

Africa• -Raj in India, Sepoy Munity, Indian

National Congress• -Berlin conference for Africa, only

Liberia and Ethiopia remain untouched

• -economic Imperialism in Hawaii and Latin America

Period: 1750 C.E.-1900 C.E.

Comparisons:• -Industrial Revolutions in Europe, Japan,

and Russia• -Revolutions in America, France and the

Caribbean• -responses to Western Influence• -Imperialism in Africa and India