The Second New DealCh.22; sect.2; STD: 4.6

Main Idea

A new wave of government initiatives starting in 1935 resulted in some strong successes and stunning defeats for President Roosevelt.

The Second Hundred Days

Second New Deal Congress passed laws extending

government oversight of the banking industry

Raised taxes for the wealthy Funded new relief programs for the still-

struggling population

Second New Deal

EMERGENCY RELIEF

Works Progress Administration Employed 8.5 million

Americans Americans had to work for

their relief money WPA workers built roads,

subways, airports, and zoos Some were artists, worked

in schools, offices, and museums

“earn a paycheck and not a handout

SOCIAL SECURITY

A pension, or guaranteed, regular payments , for many people 65 and older.

A system of unemployment insurance for people who lost their jobs.

Reviving Organized Labor

National Labor Relations Act Outlawed a number of antilabor

practices▪ Ex.creation of company-sponsored unions

National Labor Relations Board Gave workers the right to form unions

and bargain collectively Conduct voting in workplaces to

determine whether employees wanted union representation

Reviving Organized Labor

AFL

American Federation of labor A collection of smaller

unions representing skilled workers, organized within specific crafts

CIO

Committee for Industrial Organization Made up largely of

unskilled workers organized across industries, such as the automobile industry

GM Sit-Down Strike

The advantage of a sit-down strike over a traditional strike Management could not bring in security

forces to scatter picketers Could not use traditional strike breaking

techniques Big win for the CIO

Union membership rose

Election of 1936

Roosevelt vs. Alf Landon Roosevelt won all but two states Democrats gained both houses of

Congress Won 26 of 33 races for governor African Americans supported Roosevelt

and the Democratic Party▪ Were Republicans ever since Lincoln

New Deal Programs provided to help the economy and fight unemployment

A Troubled Year

The court-packing plan Attempt to reorganize the courts was

controversial Loss Democratic support

Farm Tenancy Act Gave tenants and sharecroppers a

chance to buy land Some of the nations poorest ppl