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9.6 Checks and Balances Between the

Branches

Checking the Power of Other Branches

Checks and balances are a system that enables each

branch of the government to limit the power of the

others.

Checks allow one branch to block the actions of

another.

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Balancing the Power of Other Branches

Balances allow each branch of government to

have some role in the actions and power of

the others.

This system of checks and balances keeps any

one branch of the government from becoming

too strong.

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9.7 The Amendment Process Changes

the Constitution

How Do We Change the Constitution?

Changing the Constitution is possible, but very

difficult. Changes to the Constitution are called

amendments.

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What, and How Many Amendments so far?

There are a total of 27 amendmentsthe first

10 came immediately after the Constitution

was ratified.

The first ten are called the Bill of Rights.

The latter 17 came one at a time.

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Amendment 1 - Freedom of Religion, Press,

Expression

Amendment 2 - Right to Bear Arms

Amendment 3 - Quartering of Soldiers

Amendment 4 - Search and Seizure

Amendment 5 - Trial and Punishment,

Compensation for Takings

Amendment 6 - Right to Speedy Trial, Confrontationof Witnesses

Amendment 7 - Trial by Jury in Civil Cases

Amendment 8 - Cruel and Unusual Punishment

Amendment 9 - Construction of Constitution

Amendment 10 - Powers of the States and PeopleAmendment 11 - Judicial Limits

Amendment 12 - Choosing the President, Vice

President

Amendment 13 - Slavery Abolished

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Amendment 14 - Citizenship Rights

Amendment 15 - Race No Bar to Vote

Amendment 16 - Status of Income Tax ClarifiedAmendment 17 - Senators Elected by Popular Vote

Amendment 18 - Liquor Abolished

Amendment 19 - Women's Suffrage

Amendment 20 - Presidential, Congressional Terms

Amendment 21 - Amendment 18 Repealed

Amendment 22 - Presidential Term Limits

Amendment 23 - Presidential Vote for District of

Columbia

Amendment 24 - Poll Taxes Barred

Amendment 25 - Presidential Disability and Succession

Amendment 26 - Voting Age Set to 18 YearsAmendment 27 - Limiting Changes to Congressional Pay

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9.8 The Federal System Connects the

Nation and the States

What Powers Belong To the National Government?

Declaring war, making treaties, printing money.

The Commerce Clause gives the national

government power to regulate trade. States cant tax other states on importsfree-trade

zone.

Goods flow more easily from state to state.

Easier to create large businesses that cross statelines.

Creates a single national economy

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What Powers Belong to the States?

The Constitution doesnt specify the powers of

the states. The states have power over anything

not given to the national government.

States must uphold the laws and legal decisions

of other states.

States must help each other track down

criminals.

States cannot discriminate against those of

another state.

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What Powers Are Shared?

Federalism is the term that refers to the federalgovernment and the states sharing power.

Both: raise taxes, build roads, borrow money.

In some situations, the two work together (i.e.elections).

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What Is The Law Of The Land?

The Constitution and the laws flowing from it arethe supreme law of the land.

Everythinglaws, decisions, etc. must agree with

the Constitution

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9.9 Popular Participation in

Government

The Constitution is set up so that citizens will

take an active role in the government. This is

all based on majority rule.

This is mainly done through elections.

A party is an organized political group. They

usually play a major role in getting candidates

elected.

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9.9 Continued

Interest Groups are groups of people who

care about a specific issue or other groups of

people.

They influence government through public

opinion, getting candidates elected, and

persuading lawmakers.

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9.10 Summary

The Constitution has lasted as long as it hasbecause it is both flexible and stable. It is dividedup into articles and sections. The first three dealwith the three branches of government:legislative, executive, and judicial. TheConstitution gives certain powers to each branch,and some powers they share which is calledfederalism. It has a system called checks and

balances to ensure that not any one branchbecomes too powerful. The Const. can bechanged but it is difficult to do. These changesare called amendments.