Ch 1 Getting Started with the Operating Systemfaculty.skagit.edu/imageuploads/repository590.pdf · 2010-08-29 · Ch1 26 Identifying Your System Configuration Different system configurations:

Ch1 1

Getting Started with

the Operating System

Ch1 2

Overview

Will discuss the purpose and

function of an operating

system.

Ch1 3

Overview

Will identify the system

configuration and version of

Windows that you are using.

Ch1 4

Overview

The need and procedure for

booting the system will be

explained.

Ch1 5

Overview

The function of, and rules for, file specifications will be

explained.

Ch1 6

Overview

Will discuss why Microsoft

has DOS function available

to the user.

Ch1 7

Overview

Will compare and contrast

data files with system files.

Ch1 8

Overview

Will explain the purpose and

function of commands and

then use the commands for

specific tasks.

Ch1 9

Overview

Make a copy of a disk.

Ch1 10

Overview

Learn the proper way to end

a work session.

Ch1 11

What is an Operating System?

The operating system: First program loaded into

memory (RAM)

Software program - makes computer work

Ch1 12


The operating system:Supervises application

programs and all input/output of computer

Takes care of mandatory functions of computer

Ch1 13


User communicates with the operating system and the OS runs the computer.

Working with the operating system is known as being on the SYSTEM LEVEL.

Ch1 14

Versions of the Operating System (OS)

New versions of OS

Assigned a number

take advantage of new technology.

Upgrades contain enhancements which

increase capabilities of computer.

Ch1 15

Versions of the Operating System (OS)

Current version of Windows Operating system is Windows XP

Two versions Windows XP Home Edition and Windows XP Professional

Ch1 16

Overview of Files and Disks

Disks are the primary way to permanently save data and programs.

Files are used to organize data for ease of retrieval.

Ch1 17

Overview of Files and DisksFigure 1.1 Disks and Files p.4

Ch1 18

File Names, File Types, and Folders

File names (file specifications):

Must have a unique name.Comes in two parts--

File name File extension

Ch1 19


File name describes and identifies the contents of a file.

The file extension identifies the type of file.

Ch1 20


Consider using the 8.3 rule when naming files.

Ch1 21


There are two types of files:

Program files

Data files

Ch1 22


Program files (used to create data): Step by step instructions for

computer

In RAM for application program to work

Fall into generic categories

Ch1 23


Data files:

User created using application program

Used only in conjunction with an application program

Ch1 24


The operating system can divide or structure disks into

folders (directories).

Ch1 25


Primary directory (Root):

Created when disk is formatted

Symbol is \ (backslash)

Ch1 26

Identifying Your System Configuration

Different system configurations: One hard disk drive, one CD-ROM drive, and one

floppy disk drive

One hard disk drive, one CD-ROM drive, one floppy disk drive, and one Zip drive

Two hard disk drives, one CD-ROM drive, and one floppy disk drive

One hard disk drive, one CD-ROM drive, one read-write CD-ROM drive, and one floppy disk drive

Ch1 27

Computer Configuration Guide

Comparison of Previous Windows Versions with XP p. 7

Ch1 28

Computer Configuration Guide

Comparison of Book Reference and Your System p. 7

Ch1 29

Booting the System

Booting the system:

Moving operating system programs from system disk to memory (RAM) so computer can be used

Ch1 30

Activity—Booting the System

Fig 1.2 Powering on the Computer p. 8

Ch1 31


Windows XP Professional

Startup Sequence:

1. BIOS initiates POST, finds boot device and

then loads first physical sector or booting

device into memory.

2. Ntldr is loaded and then it loads Ntdetct.com

for hardware detection.

3. Hardware configuration selection (if needed).

4. Kernel loading.

Ch1 32


Windows XP Professional

Startup Sequence:

5. Determine which Plug and Play devices are installed.

6. Media support files for hard drive and any special video drivers are loaded.

7. Drivers for all services system supports are loaded.

8. Operating system logon process

Ch1 33


KEY CONCEPTS:

Lab procedures

Handling of disks

Windows XP Professional startup

sequence

Ch1 34

Shutting Down the System

Must shut down computerproperly so it will not “crash”.

Ch1 35

Activity—Windows Shut-Down Procedure

KEY CONCEPTS:

Proper shut down procedure Logging off vs. shutting down

computer

Ch1 36

Why DOS?

Windows is a graphical user interface (GUI).

Ch1 37

Why DOS?

DOS as a stand alone operating system is dead.

Ch1 38

Why DOS?

Disk Operating System (DOS):

Character-based OS

Works with prompts such as C:\>Command line interface

Ch1 39

Why DOS?

To accomplish task at command

line interface need to know:

What command to use

How to use command

Ch1 40

Why DOS?

Why learn DOS?

Many tasks must be done at the command line prompt

Some tasks are accomplished easier

and faster in DOS

Assumption that user “knows” DOS

Ch1 41

Why DOS?

Why learn DOS?

Internet users use command line similar to DOS

Career with networks or computer related fields must know command line interface

Knowing DOS a must if working for A+ certification.

Ch1 42

Accessing the Command Line Prompt

To access command line prompt, must open Command Prompt (DOS) window.

Exit Command Prompt window before turning off computer

Ch1 43

Activity—The Command Line Prompt

KEY CONCEPTS:

Opening Command Prompt Window

Creating shortcut to command line

Wizard

Naming shortcuts

Altering properties of Command Prompt Window

Ch1 44

Controlling the Appearance of the Command-Line Window

The appearance of the command-line window can

be altered.

Ch1 45

Controlling the Appearance of the Command-Line Window

While in the window view can . . .

use Minimize button.

use Maximize button.

use Restore button.

alter size of text. toggle between window and full-

screen mode.

Ch1 46

Activity—Altering the Command-Line Window

KEY CONCEPTS:

Tool Tips

Minimize/Maximize/Restore Windows

TrueType vs. raster (bit-mapped) fonts

Return to desktop and follow proper shut down procedure

Ch1 47

The Default Drive and Default Directory

Command prompt:

Where user keys in commands

Is character-based

Ch1 48


The command prompt:

C:\>

C:\WINDOWS>

C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM32>

Ch1 49

The Default Driveand Default Directory

Displayed default drive and directory:

Your location

Where the OS looks for commands

Can be changed

Ch1 50


Displayed default drive and directory depends on:

System configuration

Current running software

Ch1 51

Activity—Changing the Default Drive

Fig 1.3 Inserting a Disk p.19

Ch1 52

Activity—Changing the Default Drive

KEY CONCEPTS:

Recognizing prompt

Where to key in information

When to press <Enter> key

Proper way to insert disk

Ch1 53

Understanding Commands

Commands:

Programs that perform specific tasks

Are either internal or external

Ch1 54


Internal commands:

Built into command processor

Automatically loaded/stored in

RAM when system booted

Ch1 55


External commands:

Are stored as files on a disk

Must be read into RAM each time command is keyed in

Ch1 56


All program files (including

application programs) are external.

Ch1 57


“External command”:

Group of programs that perform

operating functions

Group of files referred to as system

files or command line utility files

Ch1 58


In Command Prompt window:

No icons

To use command must know its file name

Ch1 59


DIR command:

“Table of Contents” of a disk - can be accessed from the command line

Equivalent of Explorer in Windows

Ch1 60

Activity—Using the DIR Command

KEY CONCEPTS:

Scrolling

DIR command

Ch1 61

Software Versions

New software versions:

Take advantage of new technology

Contain enhancements

Assigned version numbers

Ch1 62

Activity—Using the VER Command

KEY CONCEPTS:

Determining version number

Ch1 63

The CLS Command

The CLS command:

Clears screen

Returns cursor to home position

Erases screen display - not files

Ch1 64

Activity—Using the CLS Command

KEY CONCEPT:

Clearing screen

Ch1 65

The DATE and TIME Commands

DATE and TIME automatically set when computer is booted.

System date/time are the date/time the computer uses when it creates or updates files.

Ch1 66

The DATE and TIME Commands

To change system date/time:

Use internal DATE/TIME commands at

command line

Click time display at far right of task

bar

Ch1 67

Activity—Using DATE/TIME

Commands at Command Line

KEY CONCEPTS:

Changing/keeping date displayed

Changing/keeping time displayed

Importance of format

/T parameter with DATE and TIME

Importance of returning date and time to current date and time before you shut down if logged onto a DOMAIN.

Ch1 68

Activity—Changing Date & Time Using Taskbar

KEY CONCEPTS:

Use taskbar to change date & time

Spin box

Drop-down list box

Ch1 69

Media Objects: Their Properties and Values

Objects:

Can be opened

Have properties/may have values

Can be manipulated

Can have settings/parameters

Ch1 70


Property:

Characteristics of on object

Details about file that help identify it

Ch1 71


Value:

All objects of same type have same properties

Value of each property separates one object from another

Ch1 72


Example:

Humans (objects)

Have names (property)

Specific name (value)

Ch1 73

Activity—Examining Disk Properties & Values

KEY CONCEPTS:

Left/right view of My Computer window

Identify type of drive by its icon

Properties of ACTIVITIES disk

Ch1 74

Activity—Examining Disk Properties & Values

Fig 1.1 My Computer in a Classic Window Display p.128

Ch1 75

Ethical Considerationsin Copying Disks

Illegal to:

Copy a program/disk you did not purchase

Record a CD you did not purchase

Ch1 76

Ethical Considerationsin Copying Disks

It is legal to make a backup copy of

purchased program disks for

personal use in case something

happens to original.

Ch1 77

Making a Copy of the

ACTIVITIES Disk: DISKCOPY

To make an exact copy of a disk you must use the same media (type and capacity).

Ch1 78

Making a Copy of the

ACTIVITIES Disk: DISKCOPY

DISKCOPY:

External program

Makes back up copy of floppy disk

Stored in WINDOWS\SYSTEM32

subdirectory as DISKCOPY.COM

Ch1 79

Activity—Using DISKCOPY

Fig 1.5 Floppy Disk Label Placement p. 31

Ch1 80

Activity—Using DISKCOPY

KEY CONCEPTS:

Must use like media when copying disk

DISKCOPY command

Source disk

Target disk

Ch1 81

How to End the Work Session

Must always exit Windows properly and completely to avoid damaging the system.

If stop in middle of an activity remember what prompt is so you can return to prompt when you begin again.

Ch1 82

Activity—Ending the Work Session

KEY CONCEPT:

Shut-down procedure

Documents

Ch 1 Getting Started with the Operating Systemfaculty.skagit.edu/imageuploads/repository590.pdf · 2010-08-29 · Ch1 26 Identifying Your System Configuration Different system configurations: